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1.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20070153741A1
公开(公告)日：2007-07-05
申请号：US11646904
申请日：2006-12-28
申请人： Richard Blanchette , Martin Bouchard , Anil Gupta , Yannick Koehler , Gilbert Moineau , Frederic Mouveaux , Roger Sands , Pierre Trudeau
发明人： Richard Blanchette , Martin Bouchard , Anil Gupta , Yannick Koehler , Gilbert Moineau , Frederic Mouveaux , Roger Sands , Pierre Trudeau
IPC分类号： H04Q7/00
摘要： To enable devices to detect L3 roaming users and to take appropriate forwarding actions, L3 knowledge is introduced inside a bridge in a non-intrusive way. In particular, as a client moves from a subnet associated with a first network element to a subnet associated with a second network element, a determination is made regarding whether the client is roaming. This is done by evaluating a source IP address within a L3 packet header within a first frame received at the second network element. If, as a result of the evaluating step, it is determined that the client is roaming, an L2 bridge forwarding table in the second network element is configured to include a source MAC address of the client together with information identifying at least a destination interface for use in directing client data traffic back towards the subnet associated with the first network element. The first frame is then forwarded. In one embodiment, the traffic is directed back towards the subnet associated with the first network element via a GRE encapsulation tunnel, although any convenient tunneling mechanism can be used. According to another feature, given information cached at the foreign access point is used to enable the roaming client to continue to seamlessly receive inbound traffic prior to or during the configuration of the L2 bridge forwarding table (i.e., before any outbound traffic is actually sent from the client).
摘要翻译： 为了使设备能够检测L3漫游用户并采取适当的转发动作，L3桥梁内部以非侵入式方式引入知识。 特别地，当客户端从与第一网络元件相关联的子网移动到与第二网络元件相关联的子网时，确定客户端是否正在漫游。 这是通过评估在第二网络单元接收的第一帧内的L3分组报头内的源IP地址来完成的。 如果作为评估步骤的结果，确定客户端正在漫游，则第二网元中的L2桥转发表被配置为将客户端的源MAC地址与至少标识至少目的地接口的信息 用于将客户端数据业务引导回与第一网络元件相关联的子网。 然后转发第一帧。 在一个实施例中，尽管可以使用任何方便的隧道机制，但是业务通过GRE封装隧道被引导回到与第一网络元件相关联的子网。 根据另一特征，在外部接入点处缓存的给定信息被用于使得漫游客户端能够在配置L2网桥转发表之前或期间继续无缝地接收入站流量（即，在任何出站流量实际上从 客户端）。
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公开(公告)号：US08503396B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-06
申请号：US13198084
申请日：2011-08-04
申请人： Richard H. Blanchette , Martin Bouchard , Anil Gupta , Yannick Koehler , Gilbert Moineau , Fréderic D. Mouveaux , Roger D. Sands , Pierre Trudeau
发明人： Richard H. Blanchette , Martin Bouchard , Anil Gupta , Yannick Koehler , Gilbert Moineau , Fréderic D. Mouveaux , Roger D. Sands , Pierre Trudeau
摘要： To enable a network apparatus to detect L3 roaming users and to take appropriate forwarding actions, L3 knowledge is introduced inside an L2 bridge forwarding table in the network apparatus. As a client moves from a subnet associated with a first network element to a subnet associated with the network apparatus, a determination is made regarding whether the client is roaming by evaluating a source IP address within a L3 packet header within a first frame received at the network apparatus. If, as a result of the evaluating step, it is determined that the client is roaming, the L2 bridge forwarding table is configured to include a source MAC address of the client together with information identifying a destination interface for use in directing client data traffic back towards the subnet associated with the first network element.
摘要翻译： 为了使网络设备能够检测L3漫游用户并采取适当的转发动作，在网络设备的L2桥转发表中引入L3知识。 当客户端从与第一网元相关联的子网移动到与网络装置相关联的子网时，通过评估在第一帧中接收到的第一帧内的L3分组报头内的源IP地址来确定客户端是否正在漫游 网络设备 如果作为评估步骤的结果，确定客户端正在漫游，则L2桥转发表被配置为包括客户端的源MAC地址以及标识目的地接口的信息，以用于将客户端数据业务引导回来 朝向与第一网络元件相关联的子网。
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公开(公告)号：US20120039230A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-16
申请号：US13198084
申请日：2011-08-04
申请人： Richard H. Blanchette , Martin Bouchard , Anil Gupta , Yannick Koehler , Gilbert Moineau , Fréderic D. Mouveaux , Roger D. Sands , Pierre Trudeau
发明人： Richard H. Blanchette , Martin Bouchard , Anil Gupta , Yannick Koehler , Gilbert Moineau , Fréderic D. Mouveaux , Roger D. Sands , Pierre Trudeau
摘要： To enable a network apparatus to detect L3 roaming users and to take appropriate forwarding actions, L3 knowledge is introduced inside an L2 bridge forwarding table in the network apparatus. As a client moves from a subnet associated with a first network element to a subnet associated with the network apparatus, a determination is made regarding whether the client is roaming by evaluating a source IP address within a L3 packet header within a first frame received at the network apparatus. If, as a result of the evaluating step, it is determined that the client is roaming, the L2 bridge forwarding table is configured to include a source MAC address of the client together with information identifying a destination interface for use in directing client data traffic back towards the subnet associated with the first network element.
摘要翻译： 为了使网络设备能够检测L3漫游用户并采取适当的转发动作，在网络设备的L2桥转发表中引入L3知识。 当客户端从与第一网元相关联的子网移动到与网络装置相关联的子网时，通过评估在第一帧中接收到的第一帧内的L3分组报头内的源IP地址来确定客户端是否正在漫游 网络设备 如果作为评估步骤的结果，确定客户端正在漫游，则L2桥转发表被配置为包括客户端的源MAC地址以及标识目的地接口的信息，以用于将客户端数据业务引导回来 朝向与第一网络元件相关联的子网。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08018900B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-13
申请号：US11646904
申请日：2006-12-28
申请人： Richard H. Blanchette , Martin Bouchard , Anil Gupta , Yannick Koehler , Gilbert Moineau , Fréderic D. Mouveaux , Roger D. Sands , Pierre Trudeau
发明人： Richard H. Blanchette , Martin Bouchard , Anil Gupta , Yannick Koehler , Gilbert Moineau , Fréderic D. Mouveaux , Roger D. Sands , Pierre Trudeau
摘要： To enable devices to detect L3 roaming users and to take appropriate forwarding actions, L3 knowledge is introduced inside a bridge in a non-intrusive way. In particular, as a client moves from a subnet associated with a first network element to a subnet associated with a second network element, a determination is made regarding whether the client is roaming. This is done by evaluating a source IP address within a L3 packet header within a first frame received at the second network element. If, as a result of the evaluating step, it is determined that the client is roaming, an L2 bridge forwarding table in the second network element is configured to include a source MAC address of the client together with information identifying at least a destination interface for use in directing client data traffic back towards the subnet associated with the first network element. The first frame is then forwarded. In one embodiment, the traffic is directed back towards the subnet associated with the first network element via a GRE encapsulation tunnel, although any convenient tunneling mechanism can be used. According to another feature, given information cached at the foreign access point is used to enable the roaming client to continue to seamlessly receive inbound traffic prior to or during the configuration of the L2 bridge forwarding table (i.e., before any outbound traffic is actually sent from the client).
摘要翻译： 为了使设备能够检测L3漫游用户并采取适当的转发动作，L3桥梁内部以非侵入式方式引入知识。 特别地，当客户端从与第一网络元件相关联的子网移动到与第二网络元件相关联的子网时，确定客户端是否正在漫游。 这是通过评估在第二网络单元接收的第一帧内的L3分组报头内的源IP地址来完成的。 如果作为评估步骤的结果，确定客户端正在漫游，则第二网元中的L2桥转发表被配置为将客户端的源MAC地址与至少标识至少目的地接口的信息 用于将客户端数据业务引导回与第一网络元件相关联的子网。 然后转发第一帧。 在一个实施例中，尽管可以使用任何方便的隧道机制，但是业务通过GRE封装隧道被引导回到与第一网络元件相关联的子网。 根据另一特征，在外部接入点处缓存的给定信息被用于使得漫游客户端能够在配置L2网桥转发表之前或期间继续无缝地接收入站流量（即，在任何出站流量实际上从 客户端）。
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5.发明申请Fast roaming in a wireless network using per-STA pairwise master keys shared across participating access points 有权使用每个参与接入点共享的每STA成对主密钥在无线网络中快速漫游公开(公告)号：US20060256763A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-16
申请号：US11430547
申请日：2006-05-09
申请人： Hien Nguyen , Pierre Trudeau , Anil Gupta , Roger Sands , Thomas Stefanski
发明人： Hien Nguyen , Pierre Trudeau , Anil Gupta , Roger Sands , Thomas Stefanski
IPC分类号： H04Q7/24
CPC分类号： H04L63/06 , H04L63/08 , H04L63/166 , H04W12/04 , H04W12/06 , H04W36/0011 , H04W36/0016 , H04W84/12 , H04W88/08
摘要： A fast roaming (handoff) service is provided for a WLAN infrastructure. A given mobile station (STA) obtains a pairwise master key (PMK) when it associates with an access point (AP) in the infrastructure. A neighbor graph identifies prospective APs to which the STA may then roam. At initialization, preferably the neighbor graph is fully-connected (i.e., each AP is assumed to be connected to every other AP). The PMK (obtained by the STA initially) is shared proactively with the neighbor APs as indicated in the neighbor graph. Thus, when the STA roams to a neighbor AP, because the PMK is already available, there is no requirement that the STA initiate a real-time request to an authentication server to re-associate to the new AP. Further, the new AP causes an update to the neighbor graph information implicitly by simply issuing a notification that it is now handling the STA that arrived from the prior AP; in this manner, the prior AP is confirmed as a neighbor, but there is no requirement for any inter-AP dialog before a given neighbor graph is updated. As roaming occurs the neighbor graph is pruned down (to reflect the actual neighbor AP connections) using the implicit notification data.
摘要翻译： 为WLAN基础设施提供快速漫游（切换）服务。 当给定移动站（STA）与基础设施中的接入点（AP）相关联时，获得成对主密钥（PMK）。 邻居图识别STA可能漫游的预期AP。 在初始化时，优选邻居图是完全连接的（即，假设每个AP被连接到每个其他AP）。 PMK（由STA最初获得）与邻居图中所示的相邻AP主动共享。 因此，当STA漫游到邻居AP时，由于PMK已经可用，所以不要求STA向认证服务器发起与新AP重新关联的实时请求。 此外，新的AP通过简单地发出它正在处理从先前的AP到达的STA的通知来隐式地更新邻居图信息; 以这种方式，先前的AP被确认为邻居，但是在给定的邻居图更新之前不需要任何AP间对话。 当漫游发生时，使用隐式通知数据修剪邻居图（以反映实际的邻居AP连接）。
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6.发明授权Fast roaming in a wireless network using per-STA pairwise master keys shared across participating access points 有权使用每个参与接入点共享的每STA成对主密钥在无线网络中快速漫游公开(公告)号：US07873352B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-18
申请号：US11430547
申请日：2006-05-09
申请人： Hien Nguyen , Pierre Trudeau , Anil Gupta , Roger D. Sands , Thomas S. Stefanski
发明人： Hien Nguyen , Pierre Trudeau , Anil Gupta , Roger D. Sands , Thomas S. Stefanski
CPC分类号： H04L63/06 , H04L63/08 , H04L63/166 , H04W12/04 , H04W12/06 , H04W36/0011 , H04W36/0016 , H04W84/12 , H04W88/08
摘要： A fast roaming (handoff) service is provided for a WLAN infrastructure. A given mobile station (STA) obtains a pairwise master key (PMK) when it associates with an access point (AP) in the infrastructure. A neighbor graph identifies prospective APs to which the STA may then roam. At initialization, preferably the neighbor graph is fully-connected (i.e., each AP is assumed to be connected to every other AP). The PMK (obtained by the STA initially) is shared proactively with the neighbor APs as indicated in the neighbor graph. Thus, when the STA roams to a neighbor AP, because the PMK is already available, there is no requirement that the STA initiate a real-time request to an authentication server to re-associate to the new AP. Further, the new AP causes an update to the neighbor graph information implicitly by simply issuing a notification that it is now handling the STA that arrived from the prior AP; in this manner, the prior AP is confirmed as a neighbor, but there is no requirement for any inter-AP dialog before a given neighbor graph is updated. As roaming occurs the neighbor graph is pruned down (to reflect the actual neighbor AP connections) using the implicit notification data.
摘要翻译： 为WLAN基础设施提供快速漫游（切换）服务。 当给定移动站（STA）与基础设施中的接入点（AP）相关联时，获得成对主密钥（PMK）。 邻居图识别STA可能漫游的预期AP。 在初始化时，优选邻居图是完全连接的（即，假设每个AP被连接到每个其他AP）。 PMK（由STA最初获得）与邻居图中所示的相邻AP主动共享。 因此，当STA漫游到邻居AP时，由于PMK已经可用，所以不要求STA向认证服务器发起与新AP重新关联的实时请求。 此外，新的AP通过简单地发出它正在处理从先前的AP到达的STA的通知来隐式地更新邻居图信息; 以这种方式，先前的AP被确认为邻居，但是在给定的邻居图更新之前不需要任何AP间对话。 当漫游发生时，使用隐式通知数据修剪邻居图（以反映实际的邻居AP连接）。
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公开(公告)号：US20190331288A1
公开(公告)日：2019-10-31
申请号：US15962000
申请日：2018-04-25
申请人： Anil Gupta
发明人： Anil Gupta
摘要： An apparatus that at least stores objects of varying sizes, said apparatus includes adjustable trays configured to support the objects at bottom surfaces thereof and stationary or mobile panels for mounting the trays in a generally vertical plane. The panels can be provided as pegboard types or as slatwall types. The adjustable trays include a pair of brackets connected with a guide. A mounting portion of each bracket is adapted to mate with the corresponding panel type.
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公开(公告)号：US20130297987A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-07
申请号：US13464535
申请日：2012-05-04
申请人： Anil Gupta , Oron Michael , Robin John Jigour
发明人： Anil Gupta , Oron Michael , Robin John Jigour
CPC分类号： G06F11/1064 , G11C2029/0411
摘要： A page buffer for a NAND memory array has a data register and a cache register that are suitably organized and operated to eliminate gaps and discontinuities in the output data during a continuous page read. The cache register may be organized in two portions, and the page data in the cache may be output from the cache portions in alternation. ECC delay may be eliminated from the output by performing the ECC computation on one cache portion while the other is being output. The data register may also be organized in two portions corresponding to the cache portions, so that data may be transferred to one cache portion while the other is being output. In a variation, the continuous page read may be done without ECC.
摘要翻译： 用于NAND存储器阵列的页缓冲器具有适当地组织和操作的数据寄存器和高速缓存寄存器，以在连续页读取期间消除输出数据中的间隙和不连续性。 高速缓存寄存器可以以两部分组织，并且高速缓存中的页面数据可以从高速缓存部分交替地输出。 可以通过在一个高速缓存部分执行ECC计算而另一个缓存部分被输出来从输出消除ECC延迟。 数据寄存器也可以被组织在与高速缓存部分对应的两部分中，从而数据可以被传送到一个高速缓存部分而另一个被输出。 在一个变型中，连续页面读取可以在不进行ECC的情况下完成。
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公开(公告)号：US20130279391A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-24
申请号：US13453664
申请日：2012-04-23
申请人： Anil Gupta , Sung-Ju Lee
发明人： Anil Gupta , Sung-Ju Lee
IPC分类号： H04H20/71
CPC分类号： H04H20/423 , H04L12/189 , H04L47/14 , H04L47/15 , H04L65/4076 , H04N21/6405 , H04W4/06 , H04W52/0216 , H04W52/0219 , H04W72/005 , H04W76/28 , H04W76/40 , Y02D70/142
摘要： Methods, devices, and machine readable media are provided for transmission in a network with active and sleeping clients. Some examples can include transmitting a first multicast stream of data in response to an active wireless client being associated with the wireless network device at a particular time. The method can include transmitting a second multicast stream of the data after the first multicast stream in response to a sleeping wireless client being associated with the wireless network device at the particular time and in response to a delivery traffic indication message count expiring. The first and/or second multicast streams of the data can be retransmitted a number of times (e.g., at different data rates). An active/sleep status can be maintained for the wireless clients. A unicast stream can be transmitted when the number of clients does not exceed a threshold.
摘要翻译： 提供方法，设备和机器可读介质用于在具有主动和睡眠客户端的网络中进行传输。 一些示例可以包括响应于在特定时间与无线网络设备相关联的活动无线客户端来发送数据的第一多播流。 所述方法可以包括在所述特定时间响应于与所述无线网络设备相关联的睡眠无线客户端以及响应于传送通信量指示消息计数到期而在所述第一多播流之后发送所述数据的第二多播流。 可以多次重复数据的第一和/或第二多播流（例如，以不同的数据速率）。 可以为无线客户端维护活动/睡眠状态。 当客户端的数量不超过阈值时，可以传输单播流。
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公开(公告)号：US08400866B2
公开(公告)日：2013-03-19
申请号：US12852335
申请日：2010-08-06
申请人： Krishnakumar Mani , Anil Gupta
发明人： Krishnakumar Mani , Anil Gupta
IPC分类号： G11C8/00
摘要： A current driving mechanism for a magnetic memory device, comprising: a) a current driver circuit; and b) a current decoding block coupled to the current driver circuit, wherein the current decoding block comprises a transistor (M18) to control driver currents from the current driver circuit, and wherein the transistor (M18) has a smaller form factor then otherwise possible by virtue of maintaining a gate thereof at a negative voltage.
摘要翻译： 一种用于磁存储器件的电流驱动机构，包括：a）电流驱动电路; 以及b）耦合到当前驱动器电路的当前解码块，其中当前解码块包括用于控制来自当前驱动器电路的驱动器电流的晶体管（M18），并且其中晶体管（M18）具有较小的形状因数，否则可能 由于其栅极保持在负电压。
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