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    Immobilized-enzyme microreactor devices for characterization of biomolecular analytes and associated methods
    2.
    发明申请
    Immobilized-enzyme microreactor devices for characterization of biomolecular analytes and associated methods 审中-公开
    用于表征生物分子分析物和相关方法的固定酶微反应器装置

    公开(公告)号：US20070284308A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-12-13

    申请号：US11451711

    申请日：2006-06-12

    申请人： Richard N. Zare ,  Maria T. Dulay

    发明人： Richard N. Zare ,  Maria T. Dulay

    IPC分类号： B01D15/08

    CPC分类号： B01J20/261 ,  B01J20/262 ,  B01J20/267 ,  B01J20/28042 ,  B01J20/28047 ,  B01J20/28085 ,  B01J20/3064 ,  B01J20/3208 ,  B01J20/321 ,  B01J20/3212 ,  B01J20/3217 ,  B01J20/3219 ,  B01J20/3246 ,  B01J20/3257 ,  B01J20/3274 ,  B01J2220/44 ,  B01J2220/54 ,  B01J2220/58 ,  B01J2220/64 ,  B01J2220/66 ,  B01J2220/82 ,  B01J2220/84

    摘要： A method that comprises providing a polymerized sol-gel material (PSG) and linking an enzyme to a surface of the PSG via covalent linkage is provided. The surface of the PSG is derivatized with a linker that comprises a functional group for linking itself to the surface of the PSG and a functional group for linking itself with the enzyme. The linked-enzyme PSG, or microreactor, is an effective means of at least partially digesting a substrate, such as a biological substrate. The activity of the enzyme of the microreactor may be significantly enhanced, up to 200-fold to over 2000-fold, for example, relative to the activity of the enzyme free of the microreactor. The microreactor is thus an effective vehicle for digesting a substrate such as a biomolecule, a protein, an oligonucleotide, a peptide, a steroid, and/or an organic acid, after which, any remaining substrate and one or more digestion product(s) may be separated and detected. Microreactors and integrated devices that incorporate microreactors, such as chips, columns, pipet tips, wells, and well-plates, are also provided.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种包括提供聚合的溶胶 - 凝胶材料（PSG）并通过共价键将酶与PSG的表面连接的方法。 PSG的表面用包含用于将其自身连接到PSG表面的官能团的接头衍生化，以及将其自身与酶连接的官能团。 连接酶PSG或微反应器是至少部分消化底物如生物底物的有效手段。 相对于不含微反应器的酶的活性，微反应器的酶的活性可以显着提高，高达200倍至超过2000倍。 因此，微反应器是用于消化诸如生物分子，蛋白质，寡核苷酸，肽，类固醇和/或有机酸的底物的有效载体，之后，任何残留的底物和一种或多种消化产物， 可能被分离和检测。 还提供了包含微反应器的微反应器和集成器件，例如芯片，色谱柱，移液管吸头，孔和孔板。

    Separation column containing porous matrix and method of packing column
    6.
    发明授权
    Separation column containing porous matrix and method of packing column 失效
    含有多孔基质的分离柱和填料柱方法

    公开(公告)号：US6136187A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

    申请号：US987287

    申请日：1997-12-09

    申请人： Richard N. Zare ,  Maria T. Dulay ,  Rajan P. Kulkarni

    发明人： Richard N. Zare ,  Maria T. Dulay ,  Rajan P. Kulkarni

    IPC分类号： B01J20/291 ,  G01N27/447 ,  G01N30/56 ,  G01N30/60 ,  B01D15/08

    CPC分类号： B01J20/291 ,  G01N30/56 ,  G01N30/6052 ,  B01J2220/54 ,  G01N2030/528 ,  G01N27/44704 ,  G01N30/603

    摘要： A mixture of chromatographic particles and a solution of water, alcohol and metal alkoxide may be injected by means of a syringe into a capillary column as a gel. The volatile components in the gel are evaporated by means of heating and gas pressure reduction to form a porous sol-gel glass matrix attached to the inner wall of the separation channel. The pores are large enough for the passage of protons, neutral and ionic species but are too small to permit significant leaching of the chromatographic particles. The separation column so formed requires no frits to maintain the glass matrix in place in the column. Electrical potential difference and/or pressure difference may be applied to cause fluid flow in the separation column to cause electrophoretic and chromatographic separation.

    摘要翻译： 色谱颗粒和水，醇和金属醇盐溶液的混合物可以通过注射器作为凝胶注入毛细管柱。 通过加热和气体压力降低将凝胶中的挥发性组分蒸发以形成附着在分离通道的内壁上的多孔溶胶 - 凝胶玻璃基质。 孔隙足够大以使质子，中性和离子物质通过，但是太小，不能允许色谱颗粒显着浸出。 如此形成的分离塔不需要玻璃料将玻璃基体维持在柱中。 可以施加电势差和/或压差以使分离塔中的流体流动导致电泳和色谱分离。

    Separation of complex mixtures by shearing
    10.
    发明授权
    Separation of complex mixtures by shearing 有权
    通过剪切分离复杂混合物

    公开(公告)号：US07850843B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-12-14

    申请号：US11231709

    申请日：2005-09-20

    申请人： Richard N. Zare

    发明人： Richard N. Zare

    IPC分类号： C10L1/00 ,  C10M101/00

    CPC分类号： C10G15/08

    摘要： A more energy-efficient method of processing crude oil is achieved by viscoelastic shearing in order to increase the vapor pressure of the crude oil. This change in vapor pressure allows a more efficient separation of volatile components from non-volatile components in the crude oil. By optimizing the energy expenditure for shearing and the energy expenditure for separating the volatile components from the non-volatile components of the crude oil, while simultaneously removing the volatile components by distillation, one can reduce the overall energy input for the separation. Alternatively, it is possible to affect the distillation at a reduced temperature.

    摘要翻译： 通过粘弹性剪切实现加工原油的更节能的方法，以增加原油的蒸汽压力。 蒸汽压力的这种变化允许挥发性组分与原油中非挥发性组分的更有效的分离。 通过优化用于剪切的能量消耗和用于将挥发性组分与原油的非挥发性组分分离的能量消耗，同时通过蒸馏除去挥发性组分，可以减少分离的总能量输入。 或者，可以在降低的温度下影响蒸馏。