公开(公告)号：US5367474A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-22

申请号：US014701

申请日：1993-02-08

申请人： Robert E. Auer ,  Bruce M. Weber ,  John D. Starling ,  James C. S. Wood

发明人： Robert E. Auer ,  Bruce M. Weber ,  John D. Starling ,  James C. S. Wood

IPC分类号： G01N21/64 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01N15/00 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N21/49 ,  G01N33/48 ,  G06F17/40 ,  G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01N15/14 ,  G01J2001/4406 ,  G01N15/1456

摘要： A flow cytometer includes a plurality of detectors for providing voltage pulse signals over a four decade range as particles pass through an illuminated detection station. Each voltage pulse signal is processed and provided to a first sample and hold for storage. Thereafter, the value in the first sample and hold is amplified by one or thirty-two, depending upon its magnitude, and stored in a second sample and hold for subsequent provision to a sixteen bit analog to digital convertor (ADC), one signal at a time. The first sample and hold is then free to store a new value while the old value is awaiting provision to the ADC. The ADC converts the signal received from the second sample and hold to a fifteen bit digital signal and uses the sixteenth bit to manifest whether the signal stored in the second sample and hold was amplified by thirty-two.

摘要翻译： 流式细胞仪包括多个检测器，用于在粒子通过照明检测站时在四十年的范围内提供电压脉冲信号。 每个电压脉冲信号被处理并提供给第一采样并保持用于存储。 此后，取决于其大小，将第一采样和保持中的值放大一到三十二分，并存储在第二采样中并保持以供随后提供给十六位模数转换器（ADC），一个信号在 一次 然后，第一个采样和保持可以自由存储新值，而旧值正在等待提供给ADC。 ADC将从第二个样本接收的信号转换为十五位数字信号，并使用第十六位来显示存储在第二个采样和保持中的信号是否放大了三十二个。

公开(公告)号：US4487320A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-11

申请号：US203121

申请日：1980-11-03

申请人： Robert E. Auer

发明人： Robert E. Auer

IPC分类号： G01N15/14 ,  B07C5/342

CPC分类号： G01N15/1404 ,  G01N2015/1406 ,  Y10S209/906

摘要： A particle separator for sorting particles suspended in a liquid according to certain characteristics, including a method of and apparatus for detecting a change in the droplet breakoff point of a liquid jet stream which is subjected to vibrations. The vibrations produce amplitude undulations on the surface of the jet stream. The amplitude of the undulations is monitored or interrogated at a fixed point on the jet stream prior to the breakoff point. A change in amplitude of the undulations at that fixed point produces a signal voltage the value of which is proportional to the amplitude change. This signal voltage may be used (1) to alert the operator that a change has occurred in the point at which the jet stream is breaking up into droplets, (2) to automatically control the intensity of the vibrations for restoring the amplitude of undulation at that fixed point to its original state, or (3) to automatically disable the sorting portion of the apparatus. Any one or any combination of the foregoing three happenings can be utilized.

摘要翻译： 一种用于根据某些特性分选悬浮在液体中的颗粒的颗粒分离器，包括用于检测受到振动的液体喷射流的液滴分离点的变化的方法和装置。 振动在喷射流表面产生振幅波动。 在断裂点之前，在喷流上的固定点处监测或询问起伏的振幅。 在该固定点处的波动幅度的变化产生其值与振幅变化成比例的信号电压。 可以使用该信号电压（1）来警告操作者在喷射流分解成液滴的点处发生了变化，（2）自动控制振动的强度以恢复波动幅度 该固定点处于其原始状态，或（3）自动禁用装置的分类部分。 可以利用上述三种事件的任何一种或任何组合。

公开(公告)号：US4981580A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-01

申请号：US345975

申请日：1989-05-01

申请人： Robert E. Auer

发明人： Robert E. Auer

IPC分类号： G01N15/10 ,  B07C5/342 ,  B07C5/36 ,  C12M1/34 ,  G01N15/14

CPC分类号： B07C5/361 ,  B07C5/342 ,  G01N2015/1481 ,  G01N2015/149 ,  Y10S209/906

摘要： A coincidence arbitration system for a sorting cytomteter which detects and sorts particles using a flow chamber and a stream of droplets. Those droplets containing selected particles are sorted by selectively applying a charge thereto and passing the droplets through deflection plates. After detection, the particle data is delayed and analyzed to make sort decisions. The delay is for a period of one and one fourth droplet time periods less than the time the particle is formed into a droplet. At the time the command is issued creating the charge on the droplet to be formed, the coincidence arbitration circuit looks four quarter droplet times ahead and behind of the event to determine whether a coincidence is occurring, and if so, whether the coincidence is with a similar type of particle or a different type of particle. Based on this information, appropriated sort or no-sort commands are issued.

摘要翻译： 用于分选细胞计数器的巧合仲裁系统，其使用流动室和液滴流检测和分类颗粒。 通过选择性地向其中加入电荷并使液滴通过偏转板来分选含有选定颗粒的液滴。 检测后，粒子数据被延迟和分析以进行排序决策。 延迟是比颗粒形成液滴的时间小一到四个液滴时间周期。 在命令发出时，要产生要形成的液滴的电荷，巧合仲裁电路在事件前后四分之一秒的液滴时间，以确定是否发生重合，如果是，是否符合一个 相似类型的颗粒或不同类型的颗粒。 基于此信息，发出专用排序或无排序命令。

公开(公告)号：US4281924A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-04

申请号：US6011

申请日：1979-01-24

申请人： Robert E. Auer ,  Wallace H. Coulter

发明人： Robert E. Auer ,  Wallace H. Coulter

IPC分类号： G01N15/14 ,  G01N21/49 ,  G01N21/64

CPC分类号： G01N15/1436 ,  G01N15/1459

摘要： An apparatus and method for illuminating particles, wherein a source of illumination provides a beam of illuminating radiation which perpendicularly intersects a stream of liquid having the particles suspended therein. The illuminator apparatus comprises a concave reflector surface having a center of curvature and an optical axis which is disposed perpendicularly relative to the stream and with the beam being positioned thereon. The stream of liquid defines a cylindrical lens having a focus positioned at the center of curvature. In operation, the illuminating radiation illuminates the particles, is refracted by the stream so as to converge to a focus, passes from that focus to a concave reflector surface, and reflects from the concave reflector surface back to the focus, so as to impinge upon the stream for a second time, to further illuminate the particles.

摘要翻译： 一种用于照射颗粒的装置和方法，其中照明源提供与其中悬浮有颗粒的液体流垂直相交的照射辐射束。 照明器装置包括具有曲率中心的凹面反射器表面和相对于流垂直设置且光束位于其上的光轴。 液体流限定了具有定位在曲率中心的焦点的柱面透镜。 在操作中，照射辐射照射颗粒，被流折射以聚焦到焦点，从该焦点通过到凹面反射器表面，并从凹面反射器表面反射回焦点，从而撞击 该流第二次，进一步照亮粒子。

公开(公告)号：US20100009333A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-14

申请号：US12486207

申请日：2009-06-17

申请人： Robert E. Auer

发明人： Robert E. Auer

IPC分类号： A01N1/02 ,  C12Q1/02 ,  C12N13/00 ,  B01D17/00

CPC分类号： C12N13/00 ,  G01N15/1404 ,  G01N2015/142

摘要： Methods for using acoustic focusing technology on its own or in conjunction with hydrodynamic focusing for analyzing biological samples are provided. In one application, a preferential orientation of biological particles is achieved by applying a substantially elliptical acoustic field. In another application, a sample comprising a fluid medium carrying a plurality of discrete biological particles is pre-concentrated in-line with a sample analyzer, such as a flow cytometer, where a sheath fluid is introduced after acoustic pre-concentration. In a further application, methods for acoustically separating suspended discrete biological particles of different densities from a fluid medium are discussed. The particle-free fluid medium, such as a blood-cell-free and lipid-free clear serum, may be used for chemical analysis.

摘要翻译： 提供了使用声学聚焦技术本身或与水动力聚焦结合用于分析生物样品的方法。 在一个应用中，通过施加基本上椭圆形的声场来实现生物颗粒的优先取向。 在另一个应用中，将包含携带多个离散生物颗粒的流体介质的样品预先浓缩成与样品分析仪（例如流式细胞仪）一一对齐，其中在声学预浓缩之后引入鞘液。 在另外的应用中，讨论了用于从流体介质中声学分离悬浮的不同密度的离散生物颗粒的方法。 无颗粒流体介质，如无血细胞和无脂质的清除血清，可用于化学分析。

公开(公告)号：US4691829A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-08

申请号：US678613

申请日：1984-12-06

申请人： Robert E. Auer

发明人： Robert E. Auer

IPC分类号： G01N15/14 ,  B07C5/342

CPC分类号： G01N15/1404 ,  G01N2015/1406 ,  Y10S209/906

摘要： A particle separator for sorting particles suspended in a liquid according to certain characteristics, including a method of and apparatus for detecting a change in the droplet breakoff point of a liquid jet stream which is subjected to vibrations. The vibrations produce amplitude undulations on the surface of the jet stream. The amplitude of the undulations is monitored or interrogated at a fixed point on the jet stream prior to the breakoff point. A change in amplitude of the undulations at that fixed point produces a signal voltage at a masked sense diode the value of which is proportional to the amplitude change. This signal voltage may be used (1) to alert the operator that a change has occurred in the point at which the jet stream is breaking up into droplets, (2) to automatically control the intensity of the vibrations for restoring the amplitude of undulation at that fixed point to its original state, or (3) to automatically disable the sorting portion of the apparatus. Any one or any combination of the foregoing three happenings can be utilized.

摘要翻译： 一种用于根据某些特性分选悬浮在液体中的颗粒的颗粒分离器，包括用于检测受到振动的液体喷射流的液滴分离点的变化的方法和装置。 振动在喷射流表面产生振幅波动。 在断裂点之前，在喷流上的固定点处监测或询问起伏的振幅。 在该固定点处的波动幅度的变化在屏蔽感测二极管处产生信号电压，其值与振幅变化成比例。 可以使用该信号电压（1）来警告操作者在喷射流分解成液滴的点处发生了变化，（2）自动控制振动的强度以恢复波动幅度 该固定点处于其原始状态，或（3）自动禁用装置的分类部分。 可以利用上述三种事件的任何一种或任何组合。

公开(公告)号：US4230031A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-28

申请号：US900103

申请日：1978-04-26

申请人： Raul I. Pedroso ,  Robert E. Auer

发明人： Raul I. Pedroso ,  Robert E. Auer

IPC分类号： G01N33/483 ,  A62B29/00 ,  B01L1/00 ,  B07B7/04 ,  F24F7/06 ,  F24F9/00 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G01N33/543 ,  G01N35/00 ,  F23J11/00

CPC分类号： A62B29/00 ,  B01L1/00 ,  B07B7/04 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N2035/00277 ,  Y10S55/18

摘要： The containment of biohazardous substances, which may exist in the streams of sample material that are being separated in air into droplets in a testing chamber of equipment, such as cell sorters and cytofluorometers, is attained by subjecting the testing chamber to negative air pressure, so that inward air flow at the open face of the chamber is sufficient to inhibit biohazardous substances from exiting out from the face of the chamber. A region of air stagnation is created around the sample streams so that the streams are not deflected from their paths, such paths being pertinent to their testing of the biological sample material. The air stagnation region is formed by interposing an air diverter between the sample streams and the air flow exhaust port at the rear of the testing chamber.

摘要翻译： 通过使试验室受到负空气压力，可以将在空气中分离的样品流中存在的生物危险物质的容纳物置于设备的试验室（例如细胞分选机和细胞荧光计）中，从而获得 在室的开放面处的向内的气流足以抑制生物危险物质从室的表面离开。 在样品流周围产生空气滞留的区域，使得流不从其路径偏转，这样的路径与其对生物样品材料的测试相关。 空气滞止区域通过在样品流与测试室后部的气流排出口之间插入空气分流器而形成。