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公开(公告)号：US07947137B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-24
申请号：US11684129
申请日：2007-03-09
申请人： Robert M. Zubrin
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin
摘要： An explosive device and methods for forming same, the device comprising a portion of nitrous oxide and a portion of fuel. In one example, the explosive device may include a first storage area containing said portion of nitrous oxide, and a second storage area containing said portion of fuel, wherein the first storage area selectively maintains the portion of nitrous oxide separated from the fuel in the second storage area prior to detonation of the explosive device. In another example, in the event the explosive fails to detonate, the explosive device may include a vent valve for discharging the nitrous oxide from the explosive device to reduce or eliminate its explosive characteristics. The explosive device can be used for various applications, including but not limited to military weapons, pyrotechnic devices, or civil blasting explosives, for example.
摘要翻译： 一种爆炸装置及其形成方法，该装置包括一部分一氧化二氮和一部分燃料。 在一个示例中，爆炸装置可以包括含有所述一氧化二氮部分的第一存储区域和包含所述部分燃料的第二存储区域，其中第一存储区域选择性地维持在第二存储区域中与燃料分离的部分氧化亚氮 在爆炸装置爆炸之前的存储区域。 在另一个例子中，在爆炸物不能起爆的情况下，爆炸装置可以包括用于从爆炸装置排出一氧化二氮以减少或消除其爆炸特性的排气阀。 爆炸装置可用于各种应用，例如包括但不限于军事武器，烟火装置或民用爆破炸药。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07937948B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-10
申请号：US12565308
申请日：2009-09-23
申请人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren
IPC分类号： F02C6/18
CPC分类号： F02C3/28 , B01D2257/504 , C01B2203/84 , C01B2203/86 , F01K13/00 , F01K23/067 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/18 , Y02E20/185 , Y02E20/326 , Y02E50/11 , Y02E50/12 , Y02P20/129 , Y02P30/30
摘要： A reformation power plant generates clean electricity from carbonaceous material and high pressure CO2 which can be easily sequestered or utilized for a beneficial purpose, such as fuel production. The reformation power plant design utilizes a reformation process that reforms carbonaceous fuel with super-heated steam into a high-pressure gaseous mixture that is rich in carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas. This high-pressure gas exchanges excess heat with the incoming steam from a boiler and continues onward to a condenser. Once cooled, the high-pressure gas goes through a methanol separator, after which the CO2-rich gas is sequestered underground or beneficially re-used. The remaining hydrogen-rich gas is combusted through a gas turbine. The gas turbine provides power to a generator and also regenerative heat for the boiler. Finally, the generator converts mechanical energy into electricity, which is transferred to the electric grid. Therefore, carbon-free electricity is generated from coal, biomass, or other carbon-based feedstock.
摘要翻译： 改造发电厂从碳质材料和高压二氧化碳产生清洁电力，可以容易地隔离或用于有益的目的，如燃料生产。 改造发电厂的设计采用改造过程，将碳酸燃料用超热蒸汽转化成富含二氧化碳和氢气的高压气态混合物。 这种高压气体与来自锅炉的进入蒸汽交换过量的热量并继续向冷凝器。 一旦冷却，高压气体通过甲醇分离器，之后将富含二氧化碳的气体隔离在地下或有益地重新使用。 剩余的富氢气体通过燃气轮机燃烧。 燃气轮机为发电机提供动力，并为锅炉提供再生热。 最后，发电机将机械能转化为电力，将其转移到电网。 因此，从煤，生物质或其他碳基原料产生无碳电力。
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3.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110046244A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-24
申请号：US12943834
申请日：2010-11-10
CPC分类号： E21B43/168 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/06 , C01B2203/0816 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1058 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1252 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/1294 , C01B2203/169 , C01B2203/82 , C01B2203/84 , C01B2203/86 , Y02E20/16 , Y02P20/129 , Y02P30/30
摘要： The present invention is a natural gas steam reforming method for generating an output gas mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, including the following steps. (1) Combusting a portion of the natural gas with an oxidizing agent to generate heat, superheated steam, and a gas mixture of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. (2) Steam reforming the gas mixture with additional superheated steam under steam-rich conditions to transform a remaining portion of the natural gas into carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. (3) Water-gas-shifting any residual carbon monoxide into additional carbon dioxide and additional hydrogen by utilizing a water-gas-shift catalyst downstream of the steam reforming step, thereby producing an effluent gas mixture that is predominantly carbon dioxide and hydrogen. (4) Boiling water in a top-to-bottom linear countercurrent heat exchanger to generate the superheated steam by transferring heat released in the water-gas-shifting step, where as the water is gravitationally and thermally stratified from top to bottom with a top portion boiling into steam, the steam continues to rise and is additionally heated in the top-to-bottom linear countercurrent heat exchanger. (5) And, utilizing the superheated steam produced as a reactant in the steam reforming step and the water-gas-shifting step to assist in reformation of the natural gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
摘要翻译： 本发明是用于产生二氧化碳和氢气的输出气体混合物的天然气蒸汽重整方法，包括以下步骤。 （1）用氧化剂燃烧一部分天然气以产生热量，过热蒸汽以及二氧化碳，一氧化碳和氢气的混合气体。 （2）在富含蒸汽的条件下用另外的过热蒸汽对气体混合物进行蒸汽重整，以将剩余部分的天然气转化为二氧化碳，一氧化碳和氢气。 （3）通过在蒸汽重整步骤下游利用水煤气变换催化剂将任何残留的一氧化碳进行水煤气转移到另外的二氧化碳和另外的氢气中，从而产生主要是二氧化碳和氢气的流出气体混合物。 （4）在顶部到底部的线性逆流热交换器中的沸腾水，通过传递在水煤气变换步骤中释放的热量来产生过热蒸汽，其中水由上而下重力和热分层，顶部 部分沸腾成蒸汽，蒸汽继续上升，并在顶部至底部的线性逆流热交换器中另外加热。 （5）利用在蒸汽重整工序和水煤气变换工序中作为反应物生成的过热蒸汽，有助于将天然气重整成二氧化碳和氢气。
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4.发明申请Apparatus and Method for Extracting Petroleum from Underground Sites Using Reformed Gases 有权使用改造气体从地下采集石油的设备和方法公开(公告)号：US20090229815A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-17
申请号：US12390015
申请日：2009-02-20
申请人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren
IPC分类号： E21B43/00
CPC分类号： B01J19/14 , E21B43/164 , E21B43/168 , Y02P90/70
摘要： Methods and apparatus for removing oil or natural gas from the ground. In one example, the method may include reforming a fuel source by reaction with water to generate driver gas, and injecting the driver gas into the oil well. The reforming operation may include causing the combustion of a combustible material with ambient oxygen for the release of energy; and heating a reforming reaction fuel and water sources, with the energy released from the combustion of the combustible material, to a temperature above that required for the reforming reaction wherein the fuel and water sources are reformed into driver gas. In one example, the amount of the combustible material combusted is sufficient to result in the release of enough energy to heat an amount of the reforming reaction fuel and water sources to the temperature above that required for the reforming reaction to proceed. The driver gas may be used to help extract oil from the ground and especially oil from depleted oil wells. It may also be used to drive natural gas trapped underground or in coal beds to the surface.
摘要翻译： 从地面清除石油或天然气的方法和设备。 在一个实例中，该方法可以包括通过与水的反应来重整燃料源以产生驱动气体，并将驱动器气体注入油井。 重整操作可以包括使可燃材料与周围氧气一起燃烧以释放能量; 并且将从所述可燃材料的燃烧释放的能量的重整反应燃料和水源加热到高于重整反应所需的温度，其中燃料和水源被重整成驱动气体。 在一个实例中，燃烧的可燃材料的量足以导致释放足够的能量以将一定量的重整反应燃料和水源加热到高于重整反应进行所需的温度。 驾驶员气体可用于帮助从地面提取油，特别是从枯竭的油井中提取油。 也可用于驱动地下或煤层中被捕获的天然气。
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公开(公告)号：US07585381B1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-08
申请号：US10913990
申请日：2004-08-06
申请人： Robert M. Zubrin
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin
摘要： An explosive device and methods for forming same, the device comprising a portion of nitrous oxide and a portion of fuel. In one example, the explosive device may include a first storage area containing said portion of nitrous oxide, and a second storage area containing said portion of fuel, wherein the first storage area selectively maintains the portion of nitrous oxide separated from the fuel in the second storage area prior to detonation of the explosive device. In another example, in the event the explosive fails to detonate, the explosive device may include a vent valve for discharging the nitrous oxide from the explosive device to reduce or eliminate its explosive characteristics. The explosive device can be used for various applications, including but not limited to military weapons, pyrotechnic devices, or civil blasting explosives, for example.
摘要翻译： 一种爆炸装置及其形成方法，该装置包括一部分一氧化二氮和一部分燃料。 在一个示例中，爆炸装置可以包括含有所述一氧化二氮部分的第一存储区域和包含所述部分燃料的第二存储区域，其中第一存储区域选择性地维持在第二存储区域中与燃料分离的部分氧化亚氮 在爆炸装置爆炸之前的存储区域。 在另一个例子中，在爆炸物不能起爆的情况下，爆炸装置可以包括用于从爆炸装置排出一氧化二氮以减少或消除其爆炸特性的排气阀。 爆炸装置可用于各种应用，例如包括但不限于军事武器，烟火装置或民用爆破炸药。
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6.发明申请CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A HYBRID PETROLEUM EXTRACTOR/POWER GENERATOR 有权控制系统和控制混合石油萃取器/发电机的方法公开(公告)号：US20090008089A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-08
申请号：US12165568
申请日：2008-06-30
IPC分类号： E21B43/12
CPC分类号： E21B41/0064 , E21B43/168 , Y02C10/14
摘要： A control system and control method for controlling a modular apparatus for extracting petroleum and/or generating electricity based on subsurface data as well as market prices of electricity and/or petroleum. One or more probes measure subsurface total pressure, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, partial pressure of hydrogen, oil flow rate, gas flow rate, underground temperature, and/or viscosity of the oil. The control system/method controls the apparatus based on the subsurface parameters by controlling an injection module and/or a gas separator module to increase or decrease output of driver gas. The control system/method may also control the injection module and/or the gas separator module to increase (or decrease) output of driver gas when the market price of electricity decreases (or increases) and/or petroleum increases (or decreases).
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制基于地下数据提取石油和/或发电的模块化装置以及电和/或石油的市场价格的控制系统和控制方法。 一个或多个探头测量地下总压力，二氧化碳分压，氢分压，油流速，气体流速，地下温度和/或油的粘度。 控制系统/方法通过控制喷射模块和/或气体分离器模块来增加或减少驱动器气体的输出，基于地下参数来控制装置。 当市场电价下降（或增加）和/或石油增加（或减少）时，控制系统/方法还可以控制喷射模块和/或气体分离器模块增加（或减少）驱动气体的输出。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080283247A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-20
申请号：US11751028
申请日：2007-05-20
CPC分类号： E21B41/0064 , E21B43/168 , Y02C10/14
摘要： An embodiment is a portable, modular apparatus, having one or more modules, for recovering oil from an oil well and generating electric power, and including a chassis to support a fuel reformer, a gas separator, a power generator, and/or a compressor. The fuel reformer module is adapted to react a fuel source with water to generate driver gas including a mixture of carbon dioxide gas and hydrogen gas. The gas separator module is operatively coupled to the reformer module and is adapted to separate at least a portion of the hydrogen gas from the rest of the driver gas. The power generator module is operatively coupled to the gas separator module and is adapted to generate electric power using a portion of the separated hydrogen gas. The compressor module is operatively coupled to the reformer module and is adapted to compress a portion of the driver gas, and to eject the driver gas at high pressure into the oil well for enhanced oil recovery. The chassis may be mounted and carried by a truck, boat, airplane, or other vehicle to the location of the oil well.
摘要翻译： 实施例是具有一个或多个模块的便携式模块化装置，用于从油井中回收油并产生电力，并且包括支撑燃料重整器，气体分离器，发电机和/或压缩机的底盘 。 燃料重整器模块适于使燃料源与水反应以产生包括二氧化碳气体和氢气的混合物的驱动气体。 气体分离器模块可操作地耦合到重整器模块，并且适于将至少一部分氢气与驱动气体的其余部分分离。 发电机模块可操作地耦合到气体分离器模块，并且适于使用一部分分离的氢气产生电力。 压缩机模块可操作地耦合到重整器模块，并且适于压缩一部分驱动器气体，并且将高压驱动器气体喷射到油井中以增强油回收。 底盘可以由卡车，船，飞机或其他车辆安装和携带到油井的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US08450536B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-28
申请号：US12504913
申请日：2009-07-17
CPC分类号： C10L1/1824 , B01J21/18 , B01J21/185 , B01J23/007 , B01J23/34 , B01J23/72 , B01J23/80 , B01J23/8892 , B82Y30/00 , C07C29/154 , C07C29/34 , C07C2523/04 , C10G2/33 , Y02P20/52 , C07C31/10 , C07C31/04 , C07C31/08 , C07C31/12
摘要： Systems, catalysts, and methods are provided for transforming carbon based material into synthetic mixed alcohol fuel.
摘要翻译： 提供了将碳基材料转化为合成混合醇燃料的系统，催化剂和方法。
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9.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110203292A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-25
申请号：US13100274
申请日：2011-05-03
申请人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren
IPC分类号： F02C6/00
CPC分类号： F02C3/28 , B01D2257/504 , C01B2203/84 , C01B2203/86 , F01K13/00 , F01K23/067 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/18 , Y02E20/185 , Y02E20/326 , Y02E50/11 , Y02E50/12 , Y02P20/129 , Y02P30/30
摘要： Disclosed herein is a method for generating “clean” electricity from carbonaceous material, and producing high-pressure CO2 which can be easily sequestered or utilized for a beneficial purpose, such as fuel production. This method utilizes a reformation process that reforms carbonaceous fuel with superheated steam into a high-pressure gaseous mixture that is rich in carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas. This high-pressure gas exchanges excess heat with the incoming steam from a boiler. Once cooled, the high-pressure gas goes through a CO2 separator, after which the CO2-rich gas is sequestered underground or beneficially re-used. The remaining hydrogen-rich gas is used to generate power in a power generation subsystem, such as a gas turbine or a fuel cell. Therefore, carbon-free power is produced from coal, biomass, natural gas, or another carbon-based feedstock.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种用于从碳质材料产生“清洁”电的方法，并且生产可容易地螯合或用于有益目的如燃料生产的高压二氧化碳。 该方法利用了将含碳过热蒸汽的碳质燃料转化为富含二氧化碳和氢气的高压气体混合物的改造过程。 这种高压气体与来自锅炉的进入的蒸汽交换多余的热量。 一旦冷却，高压气体通过二氧化碳分离器，之后富含二氧化碳的气体被隔离在地下或有益地重新使用。 剩余的富氢气体用于在诸如燃气轮机或燃料电池的发电子系统中发电。 因此，无碳的动力是由煤，生物质，天然气或其他碳基原料产生的。
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公开(公告)号：US20110186193A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-04
申请号：US13080315
申请日：2011-04-05
申请人： Robert M. Zubrin
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin
IPC分类号： C06B47/00
摘要： An explosive device and methods for forming same, the device comprising a portion of nitrous oxide and a portion of fuel. In one example, the explosive device may include a first storage area containing said portion of nitrous oxide, and a second storage area containing said portion of fuel, wherein the first storage area selectively maintains the portion of nitrous oxide separated from the fuel in the second storage area prior to detonation of the explosive device. In another example, in the event the explosive fails to detonate, the explosive device may include a vent valve for discharging the nitrous oxide from the explosive device to reduce or eliminate its explosive characteristics. The explosive device can be used for various applications, including but not limited to military weapons, pyrotechnic devices, or civil blasting explosives, for example.
摘要翻译： 一种爆炸装置及其形成方法，该装置包括一部分一氧化二氮和一部分燃料。 在一个示例中，爆炸装置可以包括含有所述一氧化二氮部分的第一存储区域和包含所述部分燃料的第二存储区域，其中第一存储区域选择性地维持在第二存储区域中与燃料分离的部分氧化亚氮 在爆炸装置爆炸之前的存储区域。 在另一个例子中，在爆炸物不能起爆的情况下，爆炸装置可以包括用于从爆炸装置排出一氧化二氮以减少或消除其爆炸特性的排气阀。 爆炸装置可用于各种应用，例如包括但不限于军事武器，烟火装置或民用爆破炸药。
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