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公开(公告)号：US5841912A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-24
申请号：US804940
申请日：1997-02-24
CPC分类号： G02F1/335 , G02B6/125 , G02B2006/12145
摘要： The optical switching device includes an optical layer (5) provided with at least one optical waveguide (11) having an entrance (13) and an outlet (15) and at least one other optical waveguide (21) provided in the optical layer (5) with another outlet (23); a piezoelectric layer (7) arranged on the optical layer (5); electrodes (9) for producing an acoustic wave provided on the piezoelectric layer (7); and a device for performing a Bragg light deflection with optical frequency shift by one of activating and deactivating the electrodes to optically couple the entrance (13) of the at least one optical waveguide (11) with one or the other of the outlets (15, 23). The invention also relates to an optical by-pass circuit which is a combination of two optical switching devices.
摘要翻译： 该光学开关装置包括设置有至少一个具有入口（13）和出口（15）的光波导（11）的光学层（5）和设置在光学层（5）中的至少一个其它光波导 ）与另一个出口（23） 布置在所述光学层（5）上的压电层（7）; 用于产生设置在压电层（7）上的声波的电极（9）; 以及用于通过激活和去激活电极来执行具有光学频移的布拉格光偏转的装置，以将至少一个光波导（11）的入口（13）与一个或另一个出口（15， 23）。 本发明还涉及作为两个光学开关装置的组合的光学旁路电路。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06925413B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-02
申请号：US10320278
申请日：2002-12-16
申请人： Dietmar Krieg , Reinhard Neul , Dorothea Papathanassiou , Roland Mueller-Fiedler , Michael Knauss
发明人： Dietmar Krieg , Reinhard Neul , Dorothea Papathanassiou , Roland Mueller-Fiedler , Michael Knauss
IPC分类号： B60R21/01 , B60R21/0132 , G01C21/16 , G01P9/04 , G01P15/18 , H05K3/30 , G01C17/00 , G01C19/00
CPC分类号： G01C17/00 , B60R21/0132 , B60R2021/01184 , B60R2021/0119 , B60R2021/01327 , G01C21/16 , G01P15/18 , H05K3/301
摘要： A method and a system for detecting the spatial movement state of moving objects, e.g., vehicles. Due to a, for example, non-cartesian arrangement of four rotational rate sensors and/or acceleration sensors, it is also possible to obtain a redundant signal in addition to the desired useful signal indicating the spatial movement state, e.g., the rotational movement and/or acceleration in space; if this redundant signal is large enough in comparison with the rotational rate actually applied, it may be used for detection of the size of the error and the defective sensor. The four sensors are mounted, for example, on a sensor platform forming a three-sided truncated pyramid so that all possible three-way combinations of sensors are mutually linearly independent. The accuracy about the vertical axis is defined by the angle of inclination of the side faces of the truncated pyramid.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测运动物体（例如车辆）的空间运动状态的方法和系统。 例如，由于例如四个转速传感器和/或加速度传感器的非笛卡尔布置，除了表示空间运动状态的期望的有用信号之外，还可以获得冗余信号，例如旋转运动和 /或空间加速; 如果该冗余信号与实际施加的旋转速度相比足够大，则其可用于检测误差的尺寸和有缺陷的传感器。 四个传感器例如安装在形成三边截棱锥的传感器平台上，使得传感器的所有可能的三向组合相互线性独立。 垂直轴的精度由截顶棱锥的侧面的倾斜角定义。
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公开(公告)号：US06295158B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-25
申请号：US09556553
申请日：2000-04-24
IPC分类号： G02F101
CPC分类号： G02F1/0147 , G02F1/011 , G02F1/065
摘要： The thermooptic modulator includes a wave guide (1) having a switching section (4), a refracting section (5) bordering the switching section (4) and extending transversely to a signal propagation direction (14) in the wave guide and a first heating element (8) extending on the refracting section (5) along a boundary (6) between the wave guide (1) and the refracting section (5). In order to improve signal suppression when the modulator is switched to an impermable state, a second heating element (9) is provided extending on the wave guide (1) along the boundary (6).
摘要翻译： 热光调制器包括具有开关部分（4）的波导（1），与开关部分（4）接壤并横向于波导中信号传播方向（14）延伸的折射部分（5），第一加热 元件（8）沿着波导（1）和折射部（5）之间的边界（6）在折射部分（5）上延伸。 为了在调制器切换到不可操作状态时改善信号抑制，提供沿着边界（6）在波导（1）上延伸的第二加热元件（9）。
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4.发明申请Component for Impedance Change in a Coplanar Waveguide and Method for Producing a Component 失效共面波导中的阻抗变化的组件和用于制造组件的方法公开(公告)号：US20070229198A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-04
申请号：US10572220
申请日：2004-07-24
CPC分类号： H01H59/0009 , Y10T29/49105
摘要： A component is provided for an impedance change in a coplanar waveguide which includes two grounding conductors and a signal line lying between the grounding conductors, as well as a conducting connecting element, which has a covering surface for the two grounding conductors and the signal line, and is electrically insulated, so that in each case a capacitor is formed. The connecting element and the lines are situated and arranged so that the respective capacitor between the grounding conductors and the connecting element has an invariable capacitance, but the capacitor between the connecting element and the signal line has a variable capacitance. A structure is also provided in which in an exactly opposite way, the respective capacitor between the grounding conductors and the connecting element has a variable capacitance, but the capacitor between the connecting element and the signal line has an invariable capacitance. Furthermore, a method for producing such a component is also provided.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在共面波导中的阻抗变化的部件，其包括两个接地导体和位于接地导体之间的信号线，以及具有用于两个接地导体和信号线的覆盖表面的导电连接元件， 并且是电绝缘的，使得在每种情况下都形成电容器。 连接元件和线路被布置成使得接地导体和连接元件之间的相应电容器具有不变的电容，但是连接元件和信号线之间的电容器具有可变电容。 还提供了一种结构，其中以相反的方式，接地导体和连接元件之间的相应电容器具有可变电容，但是连接元件和信号线之间的电容器具有不变的电容。 此外，还提供了这种组分的制造方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06668104B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-23
申请号：US09554347
申请日：2000-07-24
申请人： Roland Mueller-Fiedler , Helmut Sautter , Winfried Bernhard , Andre Mueller , Lutz Mueller , Rainer Schink
发明人： Roland Mueller-Fiedler , Helmut Sautter , Winfried Bernhard , Andre Mueller , Lutz Mueller , Rainer Schink
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： G01D5/268 , B60S1/0822 , B60S1/0837 , B60S1/0881 , B60S1/0888 , G01N21/552
摘要： An optical sensor for detecting wetting of a surface (11), In particular of a vehicle window, has at least one transmitter (13) and at least one receiver (15) for electromagnetic waves, the surface being located in a sensor region (16) between the at least one transmitter (13) and the at least one receiver (15). The development of wetting on the sensor region (16) of the surface (11) causes a signal change. The optical sensor has a light-carrying element (18), in which the electromagnetic waves are guided bidirectionally into the sensor region (16) and out of the sensor region (16), and a retroreflector (10) is disposed in the sensor region (16) in such a way that it returns the electromagnetic waves, reflected before the surface (11), back to the surface (11) and from there to the light-carrying element (18).
摘要翻译： 用于检测表面（11）（特别是车辆窗口）的润湿的光学传感器具有用于电磁波的至少一个发射器（13）和至少一个接收器（15），所述接收器（15）位于传感器区域（16 ）在所述至少一个发射器（13）和所述至少一个接收器（15）之间。 在表面（11）的传感器区域（16）上的润湿的发展导致信号改变。 光传感器具有光电传输元件（18），其中电磁波被双向引导到传感器区域（16）中并且离开传感器区域（16），并且后向反射器（10）设置在传感器区域 （16），使得其将在表面（11）之前反射的电磁波返回到表面（11）并从那里返回到轻载体（18）。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06663784B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-16
申请号：US09890080
申请日：2002-02-04
申请人： Nils Kummer , Roland Mueller-Fiedler , Klaus Breitschwerdt , Andre Mueller , Frauke Driewer , Andreas Kern
发明人： Nils Kummer , Roland Mueller-Fiedler , Klaus Breitschwerdt , Andre Mueller , Frauke Driewer , Andreas Kern
IPC分类号： H01L2100
CPC分类号： B81C1/00412
摘要： A method is proposed for producing three-dimensional structures, especially microlenses, in a substrate using an etching process, at least one original shape having a known original surface shape being present initially on the substrate in a plurality of places. The etching process has at least one first etching removal rate a1 and a second etching removal rate a2 which are material-dependent, and of which at least one is changeable as a function of time. The original shape is converted to a target shape by the etching process, the original surface shape of the original shape and the target surface shape of the target shape to be reached being known before the beginning of the etching process. In order to achieve the target surface shape, at least one of the etching rates a2 or a1 is set by a change of at least one etching parameter calculated before the beginning of the etching process as a function of the etching time.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种使用蚀刻工艺在衬底中制造三维结构，特别是微透镜的方法，至少一种具有已知原始表面形状的原始形状最初存在于多个位置的衬底上。 蚀刻工艺具有与材料有关的至少一个第一蚀刻去除速率a1和第二蚀刻去除速率a2，其中至少一个可随时间变化。 原始形状通过蚀刻处理转换为目标形状，原始形状的原始表面形状和待形成的目标形状的目标表面形状在蚀刻工艺开始之前是已知的。 为了实现目标表面形状，蚀刻速度a2或a1中的至少一个通过蚀刻工艺开始之前计算的至少一个蚀刻参数的变化来设定，作为蚀刻时间的函数。
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09568523B2
公开(公告)日：2017-02-14
申请号：US14353758
申请日：2012-09-06
CPC分类号： G01R27/02 , G01R17/10 , G01R35/005 , H01C10/16
摘要： A measurement bridge circuit includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch contains a first resistor which is sensitive to measured variables and an invariable resistor connected in series. A first tap point is located between the first resistor and the invariable resistor. The second branch contains a second resistor which is sensitive to measured variables and a variable resistor arrangement connected in series. The variable resistor arrangement includes a first component having an invariable electrical resistance value and a second component having a variable electrical resistance value. The second component is connected in parallel with the first component in order to vary a total electrical resistance value for the variable resistor arrangement. A second tap point is located between the second resistor and the variable resistor arrangement.
摘要翻译： 测量桥电路包括第一分支和第二分支。 第一分支包含对测量变量敏感的第一电阻器和串联连接的不变电阻器。 第一个分接点位于第一个电阻和不变电阻之间。 第二分支包含对测量变量敏感的第二电阻器和串联连接的可变电阻器装置。 可变电阻器装置包括具有不变电阻值的第一部件和具有可变电阻值的第二部件。 为了改变可变电阻装置的总电阻值，第二部件与第一部件并联连接。 第二抽头位于第二电阻器和可变电阻器装置之间。
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8.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140347072A1
公开(公告)日：2014-11-27
申请号：US14353758
申请日：2012-09-06
CPC分类号： G01R27/02 , G01R17/10 , G01R35/005 , H01C10/16
摘要： A measurement bridge circuit includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch contains a first resistor which is sensitive to measured variables and an invariable resistor connected in series. A first tap point is located between the first resistor and the invariable resistor. The second branch contains a second resistor which is sensitive to measured variables and a variable resistor arrangement connected in series. The variable resistor arrangement includes a first component having an invariable electrical resistance value and a second component having a variable electrical resistance value. The second component is connected in parallel with the first component in order to vary a total electrical resistance value for the variable resistor arrangement. A second tap point is located between the second resistor and the variable resistor arrangement.
摘要翻译： 测量桥电路包括第一分支和第二分支。 第一分支包含对测量变量敏感的第一电阻器和串联连接的不变电阻器。 第一个分接点位于第一个电阻和不变电阻之间。 第二分支包含对测量变量敏感的第二电阻器和串联连接的可变电阻器装置。 可变电阻器装置包括具有不变电阻值的第一部件和具有可变电阻值的第二部件。 为了改变可变电阻装置的总电阻值，第二部件与第一部件并联连接。 第二抽头位于第二电阻器和可变电阻器装置之间。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06400483B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09261516
申请日：1999-03-02
IPC分类号： H04B1012
CPC分类号： G02F1/0147 , G02F1/3137 , G02F2001/212 , G02F2202/022
摘要： The optical signal transmission system includes one or more optical wave guide switches (11 to 15) for switching between transmission paths for transmission of light signals and an optical level adjusting device (16 to 24) connected with the one or more optical wave guide switches in at least one of the transmission paths. The optical level adjusting device (16 to 24) controls its own light transmittance with a thermooptic device (22,24) and the one or more optical wave guide switches (11 to 15) switch between transmission paths by a similar thermooptic device (14,15). The one or more optical wave guide switches and the optical level adjusting device are arranged in an integrated thermooptic circuit in a common substrate.
摘要翻译： 光信号传输系统包括用于在光信号传输的传输路径之间切换的一个或多个光波导开关（11至15）和与一个或多个光波导开关连接的光电平调节装置（16至24） 至少一个传输路径。 光学水平调节装置（16至24）利用热光装置（22,24）控制其自身的透光率，并且一个或多个光波导开关（11至15）通过类似的光电装置（14,24）在传输路径之间切换， 15）。 一个或多个光波导开关和光学电平调节装置布置在公共基板中的集成热电路中。
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公开(公告)号：US5577142A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-19
申请号：US559373
申请日：1995-11-16
申请人： Roland Mueller-Fiedler , Klaus-Michael Mayer , Wolf-Henning Rech , Heiner Hauer , Albrecht Kuke , Thomas Schwander , Bernhard Schwaderer
发明人： Roland Mueller-Fiedler , Klaus-Michael Mayer , Wolf-Henning Rech , Heiner Hauer , Albrecht Kuke , Thomas Schwander , Bernhard Schwaderer
CPC分类号： G02B6/4214 , G02B6/4246 , G02B6/43 , H01L2224/48091 , H01L2224/4824 , H01S5/02252 , H01S5/02284 , H01S5/02292 , H01S5/0683
摘要： In the case of the above devices, exact adjustment is very important; however, the devices ought to be very compact. It is not sufficient to utilize the silicon etching technique for the precision. The optical transmitting element (LD) is situated on a first carrier (T1), the optical receiving element (PD) and the transmission fiber (Fa) are situated on a third carrier. Provided in between them is a second carrier (T2) which is transparent to the wavelength of the light emitted by the transmitting element (LD). The carriers are structured by means of anisotropic etching in order to make possible the accommodation of the individual components. In addition, the carriers lie flat on one another and can thus be adjusted. A monitor diode (MD) is provided. Application of the arrangement in all transmission systems having optical waveguides.
摘要翻译： 在上述装置的情况下，精确调整非常重要; 然而，设备应该非常紧凑。 利用硅蚀刻技术实现精度是不够的。 光发射元件（LD）位于第一载体（T1）上，光接收元件（PD）和传输光纤（Fa）位于第三载体上。 在它们之间设置有对由发射元件（LD）发射的光的波长透明的第二载体（T2）。 通过各向异性蚀刻来构造载体，以便能够容纳各个部件。 另外，载体彼此平坦并因此可以被调节。 提供监视二极管（MD）。 该装置在具有光波导的所有传输系统中的应用。
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