摘要:
An object of the present invention is to calculate an estimated value of an amount of air blowing through an inside of a cylinder by scavenging that occurs in an engine equipped with a supercharger, that is, a scavenging amount. For this purpose, a control device of an engine equipped with a supercharger according to the present invention calculates an estimated value of an intake valve passing air amount from a measured value of an intake air amount, and calculates an estimated value of an in-cylinder air amount from a measured value or an estimated value of intake pipe pressure. From a difference between the estimated value of the intake valve passing air amount and the estimated value of the in-cylinder air amount, the estimated value of the scavenging amount is calculated.
摘要:
An air amount estimating apparatus in an internal combustion engine having a supercharger that estimates with high accuracy an amount of air drawn into a cylinder without involving an increased calculation load. The air amount estimating apparatus estimates a cylinder air amount through calculation that incorporates a physical model representing air flowing behavior through an intake path. When, at this time, a ratio of throttle downstream pressure to throttle upstream pressure as calculated with the physical model is smaller than a reference ratio, a throttle flow rate is calculated using an equation of throttle based on the throttle upstream pressure, the throttle downstream pressure, and a throttle opening. When the ratio of the throttle downstream pressure to the throttle upstream pressure is greater than the reference ratio, the throttle flow rate is calculated using a linear interpolation equation based on a compressor flow rate and an intake valve flow rate.
摘要:
A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided that is capable of calculating a high-accuracy turbine rotational speed. A turbo supercharger which includes, in an exhaust passage, a turbine that is operated by exhaust energy of the internal combustion engine. A turbine rotational speed model which calculates a turbine rotational speed. The turbine rotational speed is corrected by an exhaust energy correction part equipped with the turbine rotational speed model.
摘要:
A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided that is capable of calculating a high-accuracy turbine rotational speed. A turbo supercharger which includes, in an exhaust passage, a turbine that is operated by exhaust energy of the internal combustion engine. A turbine rotational speed model which calculates a turbine rotational speed. The turbine rotational speed is corrected by an exhaust energy correction part equipped with the turbine rotational speed model.
摘要:
It is an object of the invention to enhance the possibility of realizing a required torque in a supercharging region where scavenging occurs in a control apparatus for a supercharged engine. In order to achieve this object, the control apparatus for the supercharged engine according to the invention determines an operation amount of an intake valve driving device from a target in-cylinder air amount that is calculated from a required torque, and determines an operation amount of a throttle from a target intake valve passing air amount that is obtained by adding an amount of air blowing through an interior of a cylinder to the target in-cylinder air amount.
摘要:
It is an object of the invention to enhance the possibility of realizing a required torque in a supercharging region where scavenging occurs in a control apparatus for a supercharged engine. In order to achieve this object, the control apparatus for the supercharged engine according to the invention determines an operation amount of an intake valve driving device from a target in-cylinder air amount that is calculated from a required torque, and determines an operation amount of a throttle from a target intake valve passing air amount that is obtained by adding an amount of air blowing through an interior of a cylinder to the target in-cylinder air amount.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to improve controllability over a supercharging pressure in a transient state, in a control device of an internal combustion engine equipped with a turbo supercharger that determines a manipulated variable of an actuator which acts on a rotational speed of a turbine by feedback control based on a deviation between a target state quantity and an actual state quantity. To this end, a control device according to the present invention determines an opening degree of a throttle by feedforward control based on a target intake air amount, and determines a manipulated variable of the actuator by feedback control based on a deviation between a target intake pressure determined from the target intake air amount and an actual intake pressure.
摘要:
An image forming output control device includes a duplicate image information detector to receive instruction information from a processing execution control apparatus, compare image information included in a plurality of objects being unit images constituting the instruction information, and detect a plurality of duplicate image information objects, in which the image information is duplicate with each other, in the objects in which identification information for identifying the objects is different from each other; a drawing information generation controller to control a drawing information generator to generate drawing information according to the instruction information; and a drawing result storage unit to store drawing result information being a drawing result of the image information. The drawing information generation controller controls the drawing information generator to generate the drawing information with the drawing result information of the image information included in the duplicate image information objects detected with the duplicate image information detector.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an engine including circuitry that expands first image data, converts the expanded first image data into second image data in a format printable by the image forming apparatus, adds a positioning element to the second image data, the positioning element to be used for correcting positions of a first image and a second image, and controls a mechanical system of the image forming apparatus to print the second image data.
摘要:
Disclosed are a cleaning apparatus and a cleaning method, which can collect a chemical liquid without reducing the throughput after a substrate is subjected to a cleaning treatment and dried by using a drying solvent, such as IPA. The disclosed cleaning apparatus carries out a chemical liquid cleaning treatment, a rinsing treatment, and a drying treatment with IPA, in order, on a wafer W while rotating wafer W, and includes a cleaning liquid supply device for supplying a cleaning liquid for cleaning the drain cup and the drain tube to the drain cup in a state where the cleaning liquid is not supplied to the wafer. Also, the apparatus further includes a control unit for controlling respective components of the cleaning apparatus. The control unit, after the cleaning treatment and then the rinsing treatment of wafer W, at the time when the drying treatment is performed by IPA, controls the cleaning liquid to be supplied to the drain cup.