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    System and method for providing intelligent airbag deployment
    1.
    发明授权
    System and method for providing intelligent airbag deployment 有权
    提供智能安全气囊部署的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07526120B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-04-28

    申请号：US10660907

    申请日：2003-09-11

    申请人： Salih Burak Gokturk ,  Cyrus Bamji ,  Abbas Rafii ,  Carlo Tomasi ,  Xinqiao Liu

    发明人： Salih Burak Gokturk ,  Cyrus Bamji ,  Abbas Rafii ,  Carlo Tomasi ,  Xinqiao Liu

    IPC分类号： G06K9/00

    CPC分类号： B60R21/01516 ,  B60R21/013 ,  B60R21/0152 ,  B60R21/01538 ,  G06K9/00362

    摘要： A sensor system is provided for determining a deployment level of an airbag in a vehicle. A light source of the sensor system emits light onto a region around a vehicle seat. An array of light-sensitive pixels which capture reflected light from the scene, including reflected light that originated from the light source. Processing resources are provided that determine depth information for an object in the scene based on a time-of-flight characteristic of the reflected light from the light source captured on the array. The processing resources may be configured to determine occupancy data for the object based on the captured reflected light from the scene. The processing resources are configured to determine the deployment level of the airbag based at least in part on the occupancy data in when a collision of the vehicle occurs.

    摘要翻译： 提供用于确定车辆中的气囊的展开水平的传感器系统。 传感器系统的光源将光发射到车辆座椅周围的区域。 捕获来自场景的反射光的光敏像素阵列，包括源自光源的反射光。 提供处理资源，其基于来自在阵列上捕获的光源的反射光的飞行时间特性来确定场景中的对象的深度信息。 处理资源可以被配置为基于来自场景的所捕获的反射光来确定对象的占用数据。 处理资源被配置为至少部分地基于当车辆碰撞发生时的占用数据来确定安全气囊的部署水平。

    Methods and system to quantify depth data accuracy in three-dimensional sensors using single frame capture
    2.
    发明授权
    Methods and system to quantify depth data accuracy in three-dimensional sensors using single frame capture 有权
    使用单帧捕获来量化三维传感器深度数据精度的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US07408627B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-08-05

    申请号：US11348737

    申请日：2006-02-06

    申请人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Ilhami Torunoglu ,  Salih Burak Gokturk

    发明人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Ilhami Torunoglu ,  Salih Burak Gokturk

    IPC分类号： G01C3/08

    CPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G01S7/497

    摘要： A method and system dynamically calculates confidence levels associated with accuracy of Z depth information obtained by a phase-shift time-of-flight (TOF) system that acquires consecutive images during an image frame. Knowledge of photodetector response to maximum and minimum detectable signals in active brightness and total brightness conditions is known a priori and stored. During system operation brightness threshold filtering and comparing with the a priori data permits identifying those photodetectors whose current output signals are of questionable confidence. A confidence map is dynamically generated and used to advise a user of the system that low confidence data is currently being generated. Parameter(s) other than brightness may also or instead be used.

    摘要翻译： 方法和系统动态地计算与通过在图像帧期间获取连续图像的相移时间飞行（TOF）系统获得的Z深度信息的精度相关联的置信水平。 了解光电探测器对主动亮度和总亮度条件下的最大和最小可检测信号的响应是先验已知和存储的。 在系统操作期间，亮度阈值滤波和与先验数据进行比较允许识别当前输出信号具有可信赖性的那些光电探测器。 动态生成置信图，并用于向系统的用户建议当前正在生成低置信度数据。 除了亮度之外的参数也可以或替代地使用。

    Video manipulation of red, green, blue, distance (RGB-Z) data including segmentation, up-sampling, and background substitution techniques
    3.
    发明授权
    Video manipulation of red, green, blue, distance (RGB-Z) data including segmentation, up-sampling, and background substitution techniques 有权
    红色，绿色，蓝色，距离（RGB-Z）数据的视频处理，包括分割，上采样和背景替换技术

    公开(公告)号：US08139142B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-03-20

    申请号：US12004305

    申请日：2007-12-20

    申请人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Abbas Rafii ,  Ryan E. Crabb

    发明人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Abbas Rafii ,  Ryan E. Crabb

    IPC分类号： G03B13/00 ,  H04N9/07 ,  H04N5/225 ,  H04N13/02 ,  G01C3/08

    CPC分类号： G01S17/89 ,  G01S17/36 ,  G01S17/936 ,  H04N5/2355 ,  H04N9/045 ,  H04N13/128 ,  H04N13/271

    摘要： RGB-Z imaging systems acquire RGB data typically with a high X-Y resolution RGB pixel array, and acquire Z-depth data with an array of physically larger Z pixels having additive signal properties. In each acquired frame, RGB pixels are mapped to a corresponding Z pixel. Z image resolution is enhanced by identifying Z discontinuities and identifying corresponding RGB pixels where the Z discontinuities occur. Thus segmented data enables RGB background substitution, which preferably blends foreground pixel color and substitute background color. The segmented data also enables up-sampling in which a higher XY resolution Z image with accurate Z values is obtained. Up-sampling uses an equation set enabling assignment of accurate Z values to RGB pixels. Fixed acquisition frame rates are enabled by carefully culling bad Z data. Segmenting and up-sampling enhanced video effects and enable low cost, low Z resolution arrays to function comparably to higher quality, higher resolution Z arrays.

    摘要翻译： RGB-Z成像系统通常采用高X-Y分辨率RGB像素阵列获取RGB数据，并采用具有加性信号特性的物理上较大的Z像素阵列获取Z深度数据。 在每个获取的帧中，RGB像素被映射到相应的Z像素。 通过识别Z不连续性并识别发生Z不连续性的相应RGB像素来增强Z图像分辨率。 因此，分段数据可以进行RGB背景替换，其优选地将前景像素颜色和替代背景颜色混合。 分段数据还可以进行上采样，其中获得具有精确Z值的较高XY分辨率Z图像。 上采样使用能够将精确Z值分配给RGB像素的方程组。 通过仔细剔除不良Z数据可以实现固定采集帧速率。 分段和上采样增强的视频效果，并使低成本，低Z分辨率阵列能够与更高质量，更高分辨率的Z阵列相比较。

    Video manipulation of red, green, blue, distance (RGB-Z) data including segmentation, up-sampling, and background substitution techniques
    4.
    发明申请
    Video manipulation of red, green, blue, distance (RGB-Z) data including segmentation, up-sampling, and background substitution techniques 有权
    红色，绿色，蓝色，距离（RGB-Z）数据的视频处理，包括分割，上采样和背景替换技术

    公开(公告)号：US20110285910A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-11-24

    申请号：US12004305

    申请日：2007-12-20

    申请人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Abbas Rafii ,  Ryan E. Crabb

    发明人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Abbas Rafii ,  Ryan E. Crabb

    IPC分类号： H04N5/21

    CPC分类号： G01S17/89 ,  G01S17/36 ,  G01S17/936 ,  H04N5/2355 ,  H04N9/045 ,  H04N13/128 ,  H04N13/271

    摘要： RGB-Z imaging systems acquire RGB data typically with a high X-Y resolution RGB pixel array, and acquire Z-depth data with an array of physically larger Z pixels having additive signal properties. In each acquired frame, RGB pixels are mapped to a corresponding Z pixel. Z image resolution is enhanced by identifying Z discontinuities and identifying corresponding RGB pixels where the Z discontinuities occur. Thus segmented data enables RGB background substitution, which preferably blends foreground pixel color and substitute background color. The segmented data also enables up-sampling in which a higher XY resolution Z image with accurate Z values is obtained. Up-sampling uses an equation set enabling assignment of accurate Z values to RGB pixels. Fixed acquisition frame rates are enabled by carefully culling bad Z data. Segmenting and up-sampling enhanced video effects and enable low cost, low Z resolution arrays to function comparably to higher quality, higher resolution Z arrays.

    摘要翻译： RGB-Z成像系统通常采用高X-Y分辨率RGB像素阵列获取RGB数据，并采用具有加性信号特性的物理上较大的Z像素阵列获取Z深度数据。 在每个获取的帧中，RGB像素被映射到相应的Z像素。 通过识别Z不连续性并识别发生Z不连续性的相应RGB像素来增强Z图像分辨率。 因此，分段数据可以进行RGB背景替换，其优选地将前景像素颜色和替代背景颜色混合。 分段数据还可以进行上采样，其中获得具有精确Z值的较高XY分辨率Z图像。 上采样使用能够将精确Z值分配给RGB像素的方程组。 通过仔细剔除不良Z数据可以实现固定采集帧速率。 分段和上采样增强的视频效果，并使低成本，低Z分辨率阵列能够与更高质量，更高分辨率的Z阵列相比较。

    Methods for enhancing performance and data acquired from three-dimensional image systems
    5.
    发明授权
    Methods for enhancing performance and data acquired from three-dimensional image systems 有权
    用于增强从三维图像系统获得的性能和数据的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06674895B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

    申请号：US10013069

    申请日：2001-12-10

    申请人： Abbas Rafii ,  Cyrus Bamji ,  Cheng-Feng Sze ,  Iihami Torunoglu

    发明人： Abbas Rafii ,  Cyrus Bamji ,  Cheng-Feng Sze ,  Iihami Torunoglu

    IPC分类号： G06K9100

    CPC分类号： G06F3/0426 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01S7/4802 ,  G01S7/486 ,  G01S7/497 ,  G01S17/10 ,  G01S17/105 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G01S17/89 ,  G06F1/1626 ,  G06F1/1632 ,  G06F1/1673 ,  G06F3/0221 ,  G06K9/00355 ,  G06K9/224 ,  G06T7/70 ,  G06T7/75

    摘要： A three-dimension distance time-of-flight system is disclosed in which distance values are acquired by a plurality of sensors independently from each other. For use with this and similar systems, Z-distance accuracy and resolution are enhanced using various techniques including over-sampling acquired sensor data and forming running averages, or forming moving averages. Acquired data may be rejected if it fails to meet criteria associated with distance, luminosity, velocity, or estimated shape information reported by neighboring sensors. A sub-target having at least one pre-calibrated reflectance zone is used to improve system measurement accuracy. Elliptical error is corrected for using a disclosed method, and reversible mapping of Z-values into RGB is provided.

    摘要翻译： 公开了三维距离飞行时间系统，其中距离值彼此独立地由多个传感器获取。 为了与这种和类似的系统一起使用，使用各种技术来增强Z距离精度和分辨率，包括过采样采集的传感器数据和形成运行平均值，或形成移动平均值。 获取的数据如果不符合与相邻传感器报告的距离，亮度，速度或估计形状信息相关的标准，则可能会被拒绝。 使用具有至少一个预校准反射区的子目标来提高系统测量精度。 使用公开的方法校正椭圆误差，并提供Z值到RGB的可逆映射。

    Method and apparatus for entering data using a virtual input device
    7.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for entering data using a virtual input device 有权
    使用虚拟输入设备输入数据的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06614422B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-09-02

    申请号：US09502499

    申请日：2000-02-11

    申请人： Abbas Rafii ,  Cyrus Bamji ,  Nazim Kareemi ,  Shiraz Shivji

    发明人： Abbas Rafii ,  Cyrus Bamji ,  Nazim Kareemi ,  Shiraz Shivji

    IPC分类号： G09G500

    CPC分类号： G06F3/011 ,  G06F1/1626 ,  G06F1/1632 ,  G06F1/1673 ,  G06F3/0221 ,  G06F3/0304 ,  G06F3/0426 ,  G06F3/04886 ,  G06K9/224

    摘要： A user inputs digital data to a companion system such as a PDA, a cell telephone, an applicance, device using a virtual input device such as an image of a keyboard. A sensor captures three-dimensional positional information as to location of the user's fingers in relation to where keys would be on an actual keyboard. This information is processed with respect to finger locations and velocities and shape to determine when virtual keys would have been struck. The processed digital information is output to the companion system. The companion system can display an image of a keyboard, including an image of a keyboard showing user fingers, and/or alphanumeric text as such data is input by the user on the virtual input device.

    摘要翻译： 用户将数字数据输入到诸如PDA，蜂窝电话，应用程序，使用诸如键盘的图像的虚拟输入设备的设备的配套系统。 传感器捕获关于用户手指位于实际键盘上的位置的三维位置信息。 相对于手指位置和速度和形状处理此信息，以确定何时将触发虚拟键。 经处理的数字信息被输出到伴随系统。 伴随系统可以显示键盘的图像，包括显示用户手指的键盘的图像和/或字母数字文本，因为用户在虚拟输入设备上输入这样的数据。

    Method enabling a standard CMOS fab to produce an IC to sense three-dimensional information using augmented rules creating mask patterns not otherwise expressible with existing fab rules
    8.
    发明授权
    Method enabling a standard CMOS fab to produce an IC to sense three-dimensional information using augmented rules creating mask patterns not otherwise expressible with existing fab rules 失效
    使标准CMOS工厂能够生产IC以使用增强规则来检测三维信息，创建不能以现有制造规则另外表达的掩模图案

    公开(公告)号：US07464351B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-12-09

    申请号：US11028290

    申请日：2004-12-30

    申请人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Xinqiao Liu

    发明人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Xinqiao Liu

    IPC分类号： G06F17/50

    CPC分类号： G01J3/50 ,  G01C3/00 ,  G01S7/4914 ,  G01S7/493 ,  G01S17/36 ,  G01S17/89 ,  H01L27/14601 ,  H01L27/14645 ,  H01L31/02024 ,  H01L31/1133

    摘要： CMOS implementable three-dimensional silicon sensors are fabricated using a standard fab but using augmented rules that create mask patterns not expressible with existing fab rules. Standard fab rules are not optimized to produce high quality three-dimensional silicon sensors. Accordingly, the normal set of rules does not permit creating the fab mask patterns necessary for high performance such sensors. However, the present invention can use the fab standard mask set with a rich set of fab instructions to express mask patterns from the mask set that would not otherwise be expressible. The resultant method enables high quality silicon sensors for three-dimensional sensing to be readily mass produced from a standard fab.

    摘要翻译： CMOS可实现的三维硅传感器使用标准晶圆厂制造，但使用增强规则，创建不能用现有晶圆厂规则表达的掩模图案。 标准晶圆厂规则未经优化以生产高质量的三维硅传感器。 因此，正常的规则集不允许创建高性能这样的传感器所需的fab掩模图案。 然而，本发明可以使用具有丰富的fab指令集的fab标准掩模集来表示掩模组的掩模图案，否则不能表示。 所得到的方法使得用于三维感测的高质量硅传感器能够容易地从标准晶圆生产。

    Methods and devices for charge management for three-dimensional and color sensing
    9.
    发明申请
    Methods and devices for charge management for three-dimensional and color sensing 失效
    用于三维和彩色感应的电荷管理的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20050156121A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-07-21

    申请号：US11028290

    申请日：2004-12-30

    申请人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Xinqiao Liu

    发明人： Cyrus Bamji ,  Xinqiao Liu

    IPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  A61N5/00 ,  G01B11/26 ,  G01C3/00 ,  G01N23/00 ,  G01S7/491 ,  G01S7/493 ,  G01S17/08 ,  G01S17/36 ,  G01S17/89 ,  G21G5/00 ,  G21K1/12 ,  H01L20060101 ,  H01L27/146 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H04N3/14 ,  H05G1/60

    CPC分类号： G01J3/50 ,  G01C3/00 ,  G01S7/4914 ,  G01S7/493 ,  G01S17/36 ,  G01S17/89 ,  H01L27/14601 ,  H01L27/14645 ,  H01L31/02024 ,  H01L31/1133

    摘要： Structures and methods for three-dimensional image sensing using high frequency modulation includes CMOS-implementable sensor structures using differential charge transfer, including such sensors enabling rapid horizontal and slower vertical dimension local charge collection. Wavelength response of such sensors can be altered dynamically by varying gate potentials. Methods for producing such sensor structures on conventional CMOS fabrication facilities include use of “rich” instructions to command the fabrication process to optimize image sensor rather than digital or analog ICs. One detector structure has closely spaced-apart, elongated finger-like structures that rapidly collect charge in the spaced-apart direction and then move collected charge less rapidly in the elongated direction. Detector response is substantially independent of the collection rate in the elongated direction.

    摘要翻译： 使用高频调制的三维图像感测的结构和方法包括使用差分电荷转移的CMOS可实现的传感器结构，包括这样的传感器，其能够实现快速的水平和较慢垂直尺寸的局部电荷收集。 这种传感器的波长响应可以通过改变栅极电位而动态地改变。 在常规CMOS制造设备上生产这种传感器结构的方法包括使用“丰富”指令来命令制造过程优化图像传感器而不是数字或模拟IC。 一个检测器结构具有紧密间隔开的细长的指状结构，其以间隔方向快速收集电荷，然后在细长方向上较快地移动收集的电荷。 检测器响应基本上与延伸方向上的收集速率无关。