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1.发明授权Method for conducting capillary pressure drainage and imbibition on a core sample of a porous rock 失效用于对多孔岩石的核心样品进行毛细管压力排放和吸收的方法
公开(公告)号：US5079948A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-14
申请号：US646295
申请日：1991-01-28
CPC分类号： G01N15/082 , G01N13/00 , G01N33/241
摘要： A water-saturated core sample of a porous rock is placed in a sleeve which a hydrophobic membrane in one end and a hydrophilic membrane in a second end. A pressurized hydrocarbon is injected into the core sample through the hydrophobic membrane to displace the water in the core sample whereby it drains through the hydrophilic membrane into a collector. Upon a depressurization of the injected hydrocarbon below the displacement pressure of the hydrophilic membrane, the water imbibes back into the core sample through the hydrophilic membrane. Upon a pressurization of the imbibing water above atmospheric pressure the water displaces the hydrocarbon from the core sample through the hydrophobic membrane.
摘要翻译： 将多孔岩石的水饱和岩芯样品放置在套筒中，一端的疏水膜和第二端的亲水膜。 将加压的烃通过疏水膜注入芯样品中以置换芯样品中的水，由此将亲水膜排出到收集器中。 在将注入的烃减压到低于亲水膜的置换压力的情况下，水通过亲水膜吸收回核心样品。 当吸入水在大气压力以上加压时，水从核心样品通过疏水膜取代烃。
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2.发明授权Method for measuring electrical anisotrophy of a core sample from a subterranean formation 失效用于测量来自地层的岩心样品的各向异性的方法
公开(公告)号：US4924187A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-08
申请号：US364281
申请日：1989-06-12
CPC分类号： G01N33/241 , G01N27/041
摘要： A core sample from a subterranean formation is shaped to provide a plurality of parallel, planar outer surfaces. Electrical resistivity is measured in each of the azimuthal directions through the core sample which are perpendicular to each of the pairs of parallel, planar outer surfaces for each of a plurality of differing fluid saturations within the core sample. A logarithmic plot is made of measured resistivity versus water saturation for each of the azimuthal directions through the core sample for which resistivity was measured. If the same logarithmic plot is obtained for all measured azimuthal directions, the core sample is identified as being electrically isotropic. If different logarithmic plots are obtained for at least 2 azimuthal directions the core sample is identified as being electrically anisotropic.
摘要翻译： 来自地层的核心样品被成形为提供多个平行的平坦的外表面。 在通过核心样品的每个方位角方向上测量电阻率，该核心样品垂直于核心样品中的多个不同流体饱和度中的每一个平行的平面外表面中的每一对。 对于通过测量电阻率的芯样品的每个方位角方向，测量的电阻率对水饱和度的对数图。 如果对于所有测量的方位角方向获得相同的对数图，则核心样品被识别为电学各向同性的。 如果对于至少2个方位角方向获得不同的对数图，则核心样本被识别为电各向异性。
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公开(公告)号：US6110359A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US647850
申请日：1996-05-15
申请人： R. Michael Davis , James M. Paul
发明人： R. Michael Davis , James M. Paul
摘要： A method for extracting bitumen from crushed mined tar sands comprising contacting the mined tar sands with a solvent in the presence of sonic energy in the frequency range of 0.5 to 2.0 kHz. Specifically, a solvent is first mixed with crushed mined tar sands and the mixture is then formed into a slurry of tar sand suspended in the solvent. Thereafter the tar sand slurry is injected into the top of a vertically disposed, substantially rectangular shaped, hollow acoustic chamber of uniform cross-section. Fresh solvent is injected into the bottom of the acoustic chamber and flows upwardly through the cell. The fresh solvent is injected into the bottom of the acoustic chamber at a rate low enough whereby the tar sand particles in the slurry fall by gravity through the upwardly flowing solvent. The tar sand particles and solvent in the acoustic chamber are subjected to acoustic energy in the frequency range of 0.5 to 2.0 kHz whereby the bitumen is separated from the tar sand and dissolved by the upwardly flowing solvent without cavitation of the solvent. The bitumen dissolved in the solvent is recovered from the top of the acoustic chamber and transferred by pipeline to an off-site refinery. The bitumen-extracted sand particles recovered from the bottom of the acoustic chamber may be recycled to the top of the acoustic chamber to recover additional bitumen after injection of the slurry has been discontinued.
摘要翻译： 一种从粉碎的开采焦油砂中提取沥青的方法，包括在0.5-2.0kHz的频率范围内，在声波能量存在下使开采的焦油砂与溶剂接触。 具体地说，首先将溶剂与粉碎的开采焦油砂混合，然后将混合物形成悬浮在溶剂中的焦油砂浆。 此后，焦油砂浆被注入垂直布置的，具有均匀横截面的大致矩形的中空声学室的顶部。 新鲜溶剂被注入到声室的底部并向上流过细胞。 将新鲜溶剂以足够低的速率注入声室的底部，由此浆料中的焦油砂颗粒通过重力流过向上流动的溶剂而下降。 在声室中的沥青砂颗粒和溶剂在0.5至2.0kHz的频率范围内经受声能，由此将沥青与焦油砂分离并通过向上流动的溶剂溶解而不会溶剂溶剂。 溶解在溶剂中的沥青从声学室的顶部回收，并通过管道转移到非现场炼油厂。 从声室底部回收的沥青提取砂颗粒可以再循环到声室的顶部，以在浆料注入已经停止后回收另外的沥青。
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4.发明授权Method and system for testing the dynamic interaction of coring fluid with earth material 失效取芯液与土料的动态相互作用的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US4982604A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-08
申请号：US439293
申请日：1989-11-20
IPC分类号： G01N33/24
CPC分类号： G01N33/241
摘要： A material sample representative of a subsurface formation is tested for its dynamic interaction with a coring fluid. The material sample is subjected to a pressurized and agitating coring fluid to simulate a coring operation. Thereafter the material sample is x-ray scanned to identify the extent of coring fluid invasion during the dynamic interaction of the material sample and the coring fluid.
摘要翻译： 测试代表地下地层的材料样品与其与取芯液体的动态相互作用。 对材料样品进行加压和搅拌的取芯流体，以模拟取芯操作。 此后，材料样品被X射线扫描，以识别在材料样品和取芯液体的动态相互作用过程中取芯流体侵入的程度。
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公开(公告)号：US5885424A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US488221
申请日：1995-06-07
摘要： A method for breaking an emulsion comprising oil and water into oil and water phases comprising treating the emulsion with a chemical demulsifier and passing the mixture through a hollow chamber having a uniform cross-section and subjecting the mixture to acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz, preferably 1.25 kHz, to enhance breaking the emulsion into a water phase and oil phase. The oil phase is then separated from the water phase by gravity separation and recovered. The sonic energy is generated by a transducer attached to the mid-section of the upper or lower outer surface of the hollow chamber. For emulsions containing light oil having an API gravity greater than 20 and water, the emulsion can be broken by the use of acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz without the addition of chemical demulsifiers.
摘要翻译： 一种将包含油和水的乳液分解成油和水相的方法，包括用化学破乳剂处理乳液并使混合物通过具有均匀横截面的中空室，并使混合物在约 0.5至10.0kHz，优选1.25kHz，以增强将乳液破碎成水相和油相。 然后通过重力分离将油相与水相分离并回收。 声能由附着在中空室的上部或下部外表面的中间部分的传感器产生。 对于含有API重力大于20的轻油和水的乳液，乳液可以通过在约0.5至10.0kHz的频率范围内使用声能来破坏，而不添加化学破乳剂。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5824214A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US504052
申请日：1995-07-11
申请人： James M. Paul , R. Michael Davis
发明人： James M. Paul , R. Michael Davis
IPC分类号： C10G15/08 , C10G45/24 , C10G45/26 , E21B43/00 , E21B43/16 , C01G47/00 , C09K7/00 , C01B53/00
CPC分类号： C10G15/08 , C10G45/24 , C10G45/26 , E21B43/003 , E21B43/162
摘要： Heavy crude oil containing at least 1% by weight water is hydrotreated and upgraded while being produced downhole in a production well. During production the heavy crude oil containing water is subjected to sonic energy at a low frequency of 400 Hz to 10 kHz downhole in the presence of a metal hydrogenation catalyst that causes the water in the crude oil to react and form hydrogen which then hydrotreats and upgrades the heavy crude oil during production. In another embodiment, if the heavy crude oil does not contain water, the hydrogen may be formed in-situ by contacting the heavy crude oil downhole with a chemical compound comprising ammonia, hydrazine and formic acid that in the presence of a metal hydrogenation catalyst and sonic energy causes the chemical compound to react and form hydrogen which then hydrotreats the heavy crude oil during production. Suitable catalysts include nickel on zinc dust, platinum on carbon and palladium on carbon, preferably nickel on zinc dust. The hydrotreated and upgraded heavy crude oil has improved properties making it easier to refine and transport by pipeline. The upgrading includes reducing the amount of asphaltenes and resins in the heavy crude oil and increasing the amount of aromatics and saturates.
摘要翻译： 含有至少1重量％水的重质原油在生产井中生产井下时进行加氢处理和升级。 在生产过程中，在金属加氢催化剂存在下，含水的重质原油在400Hz至10kHz的低频率下经受声能，其导致原油中的水反应并形成氢气，然后进行加氢处理和升级 生产中的重质原油。 在另一个实施方案中，如果重质原油不含水，则可以通过使井下的重质原油与包含氨，肼和甲酸的化合物接触来原位形成氢，所述化合物在金属氢化催化剂存在下和 声能导致化合物反应并形成氢气，然后在生产过程中对重质原油进行加氢处理。 合适的催化剂包括锌粉上的镍，碳上的铂和碳上的钯，优选在锌粉上的镍。 加氢处理和升级的重质原油具有改进的性质，使其更容易通过管道精炼和运输。 升级包括减少重质原油中沥青质和树脂的数量，增加芳烃和饱和物的用量。
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