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公开(公告)号：US6110359A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US647850
申请日：1996-05-15
申请人： R. Michael Davis , James M. Paul
发明人： R. Michael Davis , James M. Paul
摘要： A method for extracting bitumen from crushed mined tar sands comprising contacting the mined tar sands with a solvent in the presence of sonic energy in the frequency range of 0.5 to 2.0 kHz. Specifically, a solvent is first mixed with crushed mined tar sands and the mixture is then formed into a slurry of tar sand suspended in the solvent. Thereafter the tar sand slurry is injected into the top of a vertically disposed, substantially rectangular shaped, hollow acoustic chamber of uniform cross-section. Fresh solvent is injected into the bottom of the acoustic chamber and flows upwardly through the cell. The fresh solvent is injected into the bottom of the acoustic chamber at a rate low enough whereby the tar sand particles in the slurry fall by gravity through the upwardly flowing solvent. The tar sand particles and solvent in the acoustic chamber are subjected to acoustic energy in the frequency range of 0.5 to 2.0 kHz whereby the bitumen is separated from the tar sand and dissolved by the upwardly flowing solvent without cavitation of the solvent. The bitumen dissolved in the solvent is recovered from the top of the acoustic chamber and transferred by pipeline to an off-site refinery. The bitumen-extracted sand particles recovered from the bottom of the acoustic chamber may be recycled to the top of the acoustic chamber to recover additional bitumen after injection of the slurry has been discontinued.
摘要翻译： 一种从粉碎的开采焦油砂中提取沥青的方法，包括在0.5-2.0kHz的频率范围内，在声波能量存在下使开采的焦油砂与溶剂接触。 具体地说，首先将溶剂与粉碎的开采焦油砂混合，然后将混合物形成悬浮在溶剂中的焦油砂浆。 此后，焦油砂浆被注入垂直布置的，具有均匀横截面的大致矩形的中空声学室的顶部。 新鲜溶剂被注入到声室的底部并向上流过细胞。 将新鲜溶剂以足够低的速率注入声室的底部，由此浆料中的焦油砂颗粒通过重力流过向上流动的溶剂而下降。 在声室中的沥青砂颗粒和溶剂在0.5至2.0kHz的频率范围内经受声能，由此将沥青与焦油砂分离并通过向上流动的溶剂溶解而不会溶剂溶剂。 溶解在溶剂中的沥青从声学室的顶部回收，并通过管道转移到非现场炼油厂。 从声室底部回收的沥青提取砂颗粒可以再循环到声室的顶部，以在浆料注入已经停止后回收另外的沥青。
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公开(公告)号：US5885424A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US488221
申请日：1995-06-07
摘要： A method for breaking an emulsion comprising oil and water into oil and water phases comprising treating the emulsion with a chemical demulsifier and passing the mixture through a hollow chamber having a uniform cross-section and subjecting the mixture to acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz, preferably 1.25 kHz, to enhance breaking the emulsion into a water phase and oil phase. The oil phase is then separated from the water phase by gravity separation and recovered. The sonic energy is generated by a transducer attached to the mid-section of the upper or lower outer surface of the hollow chamber. For emulsions containing light oil having an API gravity greater than 20 and water, the emulsion can be broken by the use of acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz without the addition of chemical demulsifiers.
摘要翻译： 一种将包含油和水的乳液分解成油和水相的方法，包括用化学破乳剂处理乳液并使混合物通过具有均匀横截面的中空室，并使混合物在约 0.5至10.0kHz，优选1.25kHz，以增强将乳液破碎成水相和油相。 然后通过重力分离将油相与水相分离并回收。 声能由附着在中空室的上部或下部外表面的中间部分的传感器产生。 对于含有API重力大于20的轻油和水的乳液，乳液可以通过在约0.5至10.0kHz的频率范围内使用声能来破坏，而不添加化学破乳剂。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5824214A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US504052
申请日：1995-07-11
申请人： James M. Paul , R. Michael Davis
发明人： James M. Paul , R. Michael Davis
IPC分类号： C10G15/08 , C10G45/24 , C10G45/26 , E21B43/00 , E21B43/16 , C01G47/00 , C09K7/00 , C01B53/00
CPC分类号： C10G15/08 , C10G45/24 , C10G45/26 , E21B43/003 , E21B43/162
摘要： Heavy crude oil containing at least 1% by weight water is hydrotreated and upgraded while being produced downhole in a production well. During production the heavy crude oil containing water is subjected to sonic energy at a low frequency of 400 Hz to 10 kHz downhole in the presence of a metal hydrogenation catalyst that causes the water in the crude oil to react and form hydrogen which then hydrotreats and upgrades the heavy crude oil during production. In another embodiment, if the heavy crude oil does not contain water, the hydrogen may be formed in-situ by contacting the heavy crude oil downhole with a chemical compound comprising ammonia, hydrazine and formic acid that in the presence of a metal hydrogenation catalyst and sonic energy causes the chemical compound to react and form hydrogen which then hydrotreats the heavy crude oil during production. Suitable catalysts include nickel on zinc dust, platinum on carbon and palladium on carbon, preferably nickel on zinc dust. The hydrotreated and upgraded heavy crude oil has improved properties making it easier to refine and transport by pipeline. The upgrading includes reducing the amount of asphaltenes and resins in the heavy crude oil and increasing the amount of aromatics and saturates.
摘要翻译： 含有至少1重量％水的重质原油在生产井中生产井下时进行加氢处理和升级。 在生产过程中，在金属加氢催化剂存在下，含水的重质原油在400Hz至10kHz的低频率下经受声能，其导致原油中的水反应并形成氢气，然后进行加氢处理和升级 生产中的重质原油。 在另一个实施方案中，如果重质原油不含水，则可以通过使井下的重质原油与包含氨，肼和甲酸的化合物接触来原位形成氢，所述化合物在金属氢化催化剂存在下和 声能导致化合物反应并形成氢气，然后在生产过程中对重质原油进行加氢处理。 合适的催化剂包括锌粉上的镍，碳上的铂和碳上的钯，优选在锌粉上的镍。 加氢处理和升级的重质原油具有改进的性质，使其更容易通过管道精炼和运输。 升级包括减少重质原油中沥青质和树脂的数量，增加芳烃和饱和物的用量。
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公开(公告)号：US5458860A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-17
申请号：US303907
申请日：1994-09-09
申请人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
发明人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： B01F1/00 , B01F11/02 , B08B3/12 , B08B9/02 , C09K8/528 , C22B26/20 , C23G1/19 , E21B37/00 , E21B43/00 , F28G7/00 , F28G9/00 , C01F1/00 , B08B7/00 , C22B26/00
CPC分类号： B08B9/032 , B01F1/00 , B01F1/0005 , B01F11/02 , B08B3/12 , C09K8/528 , C22B26/20 , C23G1/19 , E21B37/00 , E21B43/003 , F28G7/00 , F28G9/00
摘要： The present invention relates to the use of low frequency sonic energy within the range of 1.25 to 6.5 KHz, preferably less than 2.0 KHz and most preferably 1.25 KHz, for enhancing the dissolution of alkaline earth metal scales from well bores using a scale-removing solvent comprising an aqueous alkaline solution having a pH of about 8 to about 14 and containing EDTA or DTPA and a catalyst or synergist, preferably an oxalate anion. When the scale deposit is contacted with the scale removing solvent while simultaneously transmitting low frequency sonic energy through the solvent, substantially more scale is dissolved at a faster rate than previously possible.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在1.25至6.5KHz，优选小于2.0KHz，最优选1.25KHz范围内的低频声能的使用，以增强使用除垢溶剂从井眼中溶解碱土金属垢 包含pH为约8至约14的碱性水溶液并含有EDTA或DTPA，以及催化剂或增效剂，优选草酸根阴离子。 当刻度沉积物与除垢溶剂接触，同时将低频声波能量传递通过溶剂时，以比以前更快的速度溶解更多的刻度。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5190656A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-02
申请号：US742565
申请日：1991-08-07
申请人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
发明人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
CPC分类号： C02F5/12 , B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C09K8/528 , E21B43/28 , G21F9/002 , C02F2101/006
摘要： A liquid membrane method for removing scale deposits wherein a novel chelating composition is utilized. The composition used in the external and internal aqueous phases of said membrane comprises an aqueous solution having a pH of about 8 to about 14, and an aminocarboxylic acid or polyamine chelant. Additionally, a catalyst or synergist is used in the external phase only. Preferred chelants comprise diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or alkali salts thereof. Anions of organic and inorganic acids comprise the catalyst used in the external phase. Catalysts which can be used include fluoride, oxalate, persulfate, dithionate, hypochlorite, formate, thio, amino and hydroxy acetate anions. When the solution containing the composition is contacted with a surface containing a scale deposit, the deposit dissolves substantially more scale quicker than heretofore possible.
摘要翻译： 一种用于去除其中使用新型螯合组合物的结垢沉积物的液膜方法。 在所述膜的外部和内部水相中使用的组合物包含pH为约8至约14的水溶液和氨基羧酸或多胺螯合剂。 另外，仅在外部使用催化剂或增效剂。 优选的螯合剂包括二亚乙基三胺五乙酸（DTPA）或乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）或其碱式盐。 有机和无机酸的阴离子包括在外相中使用的催化剂。 可以使用的催化剂包括氟化物，草酸盐，过硫酸盐，连二磺酸盐，次氯酸盐，甲酸盐，硫代，氨基和羟基乙酸根阴离子。 当含有组合物的溶液与含有矿物沉积物的表面接触时，沉积物比以前更可能更快地溶解更多的刻度。
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公开(公告)号：US5087371A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-11
申请号：US612728
申请日：1990-11-14
申请人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
发明人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
摘要： Barium sulfate scale is dissolved by contacting the scale with an aqueous solvent having a pH of about 8 to about 14, containing a chelating agent comprising a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid or salt of such an acid, and a synergist anion. The aqueous solvent containing the dissolved scale is regenerated by first acidifying the aqueous solvent sufficiently to generate free alkaline earth metal ions. The aqueous solvent is then mixed with a liquid membrane emulsion enveloped around droplets of an internal aqueous phase containing an anion that forms an insoluble precipitate with the free alkaline earth metal ions. The scale-free aqueous solvent is separated from the emulsion by gravity and recovered for reuse.In another embodiment, the internal aqueous phase may contain a chelating agent to remove the free alkaline earth metal ions by forming a stable complex with the ions.
摘要翻译： 通过使水垢与含有约8至约14的pH的水性溶剂接触，使硫酸钡垢溶解，其含有包含聚氨基多羧酸或这种酸的盐的螯合剂和增效剂阴离子。 通过首先使水溶剂充分酸化以产生游离的碱土金属离子，再生含有溶解氧化皮的含水溶剂。 然后将水性溶剂与包围在含有与游离碱土金属离子形成不溶性沉淀物的阴离子的内部水相的液滴周围的液体膜乳液混合。 通过重力将无鳞水溶剂与乳液分离并回收再利用。 在另一个实施方案中，内部水相可以含有螯合剂以通过与离子形成稳定的络合物来除去游离碱土金属离子。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4773483A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US105435
申请日：1987-10-07
申请人： James M. Paul
发明人： James M. Paul
CPC分类号： C09K8/845 , C09K8/5045 , E21B43/17 , E21B43/261
摘要： The relatively highly permeable zones of a subterranean oil containing formation having a neutral to alkaline pH are selectively plugged by initially injecting an aqueous acid solution into the relatively highly permeable zones that lowers the pH of these zones to about 6 or less. Thereafter, an aqueous polysulfide solution is injected into the formation that preferentially enters the relatively highly permeable zones and allowed to disproportionate under the pH conditions within the relatively highly permeable zones to form a precipitate of elemental sulfur in situ which plugs the relatively highly permeable zones in the formation. Thereafter, improved sweep efficiency is realized in displacing oil from the lesser permeable zones. If the natural pH of the relatively highly permeable zones in the formation is about 6 or less, the initial treatment with the aqueous acid solution is unnecessary.
摘要翻译： 含有中性至碱性pH值的含地层油层的相对高度可渗透的区域通过首先将酸水溶液注入相对高渗透性的区域而被选择性地堵塞，这些区域将这些区域的pH降至约6或更小。 此后，将多硫化水溶液注入地层中，优先进入相对较高渗透的区域，并在相对较高渗透区域内的pH条件下使其不成比例地形成原位的元素硫沉淀物，其将相对较高可渗透的区域插入 形成。 此后，在从较小渗透区域排出油的情况下实现了提高的扫掠效率。 如果地层中较高渗透性区域的天然pH为约6以下，则不需要用酸水溶液进行初始处理。
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8.发明授权Method for restoring formation previously leached with an ammonium leach solution 失效恢复以前用铵浸出溶液浸出的形成的方法
公开(公告)号：US4372616A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-08
申请号：US221728
申请日：1980-12-31
IPC分类号： E21B43/28
CPC分类号： E21B43/28
摘要： A method is disclosed for restoring to environmentally acceptable levels the ammonia content in a subterranean formation which has been previously subjected to in situ oxidative leaching employing an ammonium leach solution by flushing the formation with carbonic acid.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种恢复到环境可接受水平的地下地层中的氨含量，其已经使用氨浸出溶液进行原位氧化浸出，通过用碳酸冲洗形成。
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9.发明授权Use of variable density carrier fluids to improve the efficiency of scale dissolution 失效使用可变密度载体流体来提高垢溶解的效率
公开(公告)号：US5366016A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US164861
申请日：1993-12-10
摘要： A method to improve the efficiency of scale dissolution in a formation containing multiple productive intervals where variable density liquids are utilized. Initially, a liquid composition sufficient to solubilize an alkaline-earth metal sulfate scale deposit is directed into a wellbore thereby contacting scale in one productive interval of the formation. Thereafter, a second scale solubilizing liquid having a density of about 0.1 wt % less than the first liquid is directed into the wellbore thereby contacting additional perforations and a higher interval. These scale solubilizing liquids with varying densities are allowed to remain in contact with perforations and productive intervals communicating therewith for a time sufficient to solubilize the scale deposit thereby efficiently removing said scale deposit from perforations and productive intervals at two different levels.
摘要翻译： 一种提高含有可变密度液体的多个生产间隔的地层中的水垢溶解效率的方法。 最初，将足以溶解碱土金属硫酸盐垢沉积物的液体组合物导入井筒，从而在地层的一个生产间隔中接触氧化皮。 此后，具有比第一液体小约0.1重量％的密度的第二比例增溶液被引导到井眼中，从而接触另外的穿孔和更高的间隔。 允许具有不同密度的这些规模增溶液体与穿孔和与其连通的生产间隔保持接触足以溶解垢垢的时间，从而有效地从两个不同水平的穿孔和生产间隔去除鳞屑沉积物。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5111887A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-12
申请号：US614470
申请日：1990-11-16
申请人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
发明人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
CPC分类号： G21F9/002 , B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , C02F2101/006 , Y10S507/927
摘要： Alkaline earth metal scales, especially barium sulfate scale deposits are removed from oilfield pipe and other tubular goods with a scale-removing composition comprising an aqueous alkaline solution having a pH of about 8 to about 14, a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid, preferably EDTA or DTPA and a catalyst or synergist comprising oxalate anion. When the scale-removing solution is contacted with a surface containing a scale deposit, substantially more scale is dissolved at a faster rate than previously possible.
摘要翻译： 碱土金属垢，特别是硫酸钡垢沉积物从具有除垢组合物的油田管和其他管状物质中除去，该组合物包含pH为约8至约14的碱性水溶液，多氨基多羧酸，优选EDTA或DTPA和 催化剂或增效剂包括草酸根阴离子。 当除垢溶液与含有沉积物沉积物的表面接触时，以比之前可能的更快的速度溶解大量的氧化皮。
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