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公开(公告)号：US5933519A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-03
申请号：US867017
申请日：1997-06-03
申请人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Michael G. Meyer , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , William E. Ortyn , Larry A. Nelson , Keith L. Frost , Jon W. Hayenga
发明人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Michael G. Meyer , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , William E. Ortyn , Larry A. Nelson , Keith L. Frost , Jon W. Hayenga
CPC分类号： G06K9/00127 , G06K9/6253 , G06K9/685
摘要： The invention detects areas of interest at low magnification, locating possible abnormal cells or other cells of interest using image processing and statistical pattern recognition techniques. Next, at high magnification, the areas identified at low magnification are re-examined. The information from the low magnification and high magnification scans is collated and a determination is made about the slide--whether it is normal, abnormal, contains endocervical component, and so forth. The invention also provides a method and apparatus to train object feature and slide feature classifiers. The invention provides an automated cytology system that can process training slides for use in a feed back classifier development environment. The invention also can classify endocervical groups of cells.
摘要翻译： 本发明使用图像处理和统计模式识别技术来检测低放大倍数的感兴趣区域，定位可能的异常细胞或感兴趣的其它细胞。 接下来，在高放大倍数下，重新检查在低倍率下识别的区域。 对来自低放大倍数和高倍率扫描的信息进行整理，并确定载玻片是否正常，异常，包含宫颈内部成分等。 本发明还提供了一种训练对象特征和幻灯片特征分类器的方法和装置。 本发明提供了一种自动细胞学系统，其可以处理用于反馈分类器开发环境中的训练幻灯片。 本发明还可以分类宫颈癌细胞群。
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2.发明授权Method and apparatus for optimizing biological and cytological specimen screening and diagnosis 失效用于优化生物学和细胞学标本筛选和诊断的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06181811B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-30
申请号：US09006457
申请日：1998-01-13
申请人： Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Shih-Jong J. Lee , Seho Oh , Larry A. Nelson , Dayle G. Ellison , Florence W. Patten
发明人： Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Shih-Jong J. Lee , Seho Oh , Larry A. Nelson , Dayle G. Ellison , Florence W. Patten
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06K9/00127
摘要： A method and apparatus for optimizing biological and cytological specimen screening and diagnosis. A slide review process is recommended for cytological specimen screening to identify abnormal sub-populations for further review and also diagnosis by a human expert. An automated screener processes a cytological specimen. Using a slide score generated by the automated screener, a slide review process using a slide score classification is determined. The recommendation of slide review processes improves overall performance of the screening process as measured by sensitivity to abnormal specimens, and at the same time reduces the work load of a human reviewer. The system also effectively and smoothly integrates the process of initial screening of the specimen with the process of further review of the specimen and final diagnosis of the specimen.
摘要翻译： 用于优化生物学和细胞学标本筛选和诊断的方法和装置。 推荐用于细胞学标本筛选的幻灯片审查过程，以识别异常亚群以供进一步审查，并由人类专家进行诊断。 自动筛选器处理细胞学标本。 使用由自动筛选器生成的幻灯片得分，确定使用幻灯片分数分类的幻灯片审阅过程。 幻灯片审查过程的推荐通过对异常标本的敏感度测量，提高了筛选过程的整体性能，同时降低了人类审阅者的工作量。 该系统还将样品初始筛选过程与样品进一步检查和样品的最终诊断过程进行了有效平滑的整合。
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公开(公告)号：US5627908A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-06
申请号：US309063
申请日：1994-09-20
CPC分类号： G01N15/1475
摘要： A cytological system dynamic normalization of a normal threshold. An analysis score from a slide is compared against a threshold to determine whether or not the slide is normal or requires microscopy review. The normal threshold is dynamically adjusted using a three step process. The process is implemented on an automatic cytology system. The first step is initial calibration of the system to determine an initial threshold. The second step is a running adjustment of the normal threshold in response to the presentation of new slides to the automatic cytology system. The third step is the batch certification of every slide. The threshold may be adjusted for an analysis score, a quality control score, or a screening score.
摘要翻译： 细胞学系统动态归一化正常阈值。 将幻灯片的分析得分与阈值进行比较，以确定幻灯片是否正常或需要显微镜检查。 使用三步过程动态调整正常阈值。 该过程在自动细胞学系统上实现。 第一步是系统的初始校准，以确定初始阈值。 第二步是响应于向自动细胞学系统呈现新幻灯片而正常阈值的运行调整。 第三步是每张幻灯片的批量认证。 可以针对分析得分，质量控制评分或筛选分数调整阈值。
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公开(公告)号：US5799101A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US897392
申请日：1997-07-21
CPC分类号： G06K9/6282 , G06K9/00127 , Y10S128/922
摘要： A computer aided biological specimen screener is responsive to a priori information about biological specimens. An automated slide classifier scans a slide specimen and generates a set of scores. The classification which results from this set of scores depends on a priori information concerning the patient, such as patient age and prior health history and diagnosis. Using the patient information and an appropriate score, the specimen is classified. A normal threshold used for classification is changed over a wide range depending on the specificity appropriate to a particular patient risk category. The sensitivity of the classification is automatically maximized for a predetermined normal specificity.
摘要翻译： 计算机辅助生物样本筛选器响应关于生物样本的先验信息。 自动滑块分类器扫描幻灯片样本并生成一组分数。 由该分数得出的分类取决于患者的先验信息，例如患者年龄和以前的健康史和诊断。 使用患者信息和适当的分数，将样本分类。 用于分类的正常阈值根据对特定患者风险类别的特异性而在宽范围内变化。 对于预定的正常特异性，分类的灵敏度自动最大化。
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公开(公告)号：US06842538B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-11
申请号：US09815816
申请日：2001-03-23
申请人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Seho Oh , Larry A. Nelson
发明人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Seho Oh , Larry A. Nelson
CPC分类号： G06K9/4604
摘要： Mark detection and position determination are improved by use of directional elongated filters, symmetry, gray scale image processing, structural constraints, and learning. Directional elongated filters are used to pre-process images of registration marks to create masks and enhanced images. Working sequentially, portions of the mark are detected and classified. The input gray scale image of the mark is processed using its structural constraints in conjunction with a mask for the detected mark. A cost function estimation determines mark position and orientation with sub-pixel accuracy. Learning is used to improve specific application performance.
摘要翻译： 通过使用定向细长滤波器，对称性，灰度图像处理，结构约束和学习来提高标记检测和位置确定。 定向拉长过滤器用于预处理对准标记的图像以创建掩模和增强图像。 按顺序工作，对标记的部分进行检测和分类。 使用其结构约束结合用于检测标记的掩码来处理标记的输入灰度图像。 成本函数估计用子像素精度确定标记位置和方向。 学习用于提高特定的应用程序性能。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06400849B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09693723
申请日：2000-10-20
IPC分类号： G06T520
CPC分类号： G06T5/20
摘要： An image processing method using memory management and pre-computed look up tables to speed up computations. Application of filters along directions other than image rows is simplified using several structured processing approaches that improve image data cache-ability. Time consuming or repeated computations are pre-computed and stored as look up tables to reduce the time required for image processing and to remove or reduce the need for special purpose image processing hardware.
摘要翻译： 使用存储器管理和预先计算的查找表来加速计算的图像处理方法。 使用几种提高图像数据缓存能力的结构化处理方法来简化滤波器沿图像行以外的方向的应用。 预先计算耗时或重复的计算并存储为查找表，以减少图像处理所需的时间并消除或减少对专用图像处理硬件的需要。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus for measurement of spatial signal and noise power of imaging systems 失效用于测量成像系统的空间信号和噪声功率的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5526113A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-11
申请号：US263319
申请日：1994-06-21
IPC分类号： G01N21/956 , G02B27/46 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/95623 , G02B27/46
摘要： A photographic facsimile of a line image at a predetermined orientation is illuminated by a collimated monochromatic light source to produce a diffraction pattern. The Fourier distribution of the diffraction pattern is focussed by a converging lens to image on a spatial frequency plane of spatial signal and spatial noise components. The image in the spatial frequency plane is applied to a detector for selectively measuring the spatial power contribution of the signal and noise components, thereby to provide a measure of image quality relating to imaging system signal-to-noise ratio. A spatial filter (18) may be introduced into the optical path to block the spatial signal components, while allowing the noise components to impinge on the detector. The line image is then reoriented in the image plane, and successive measurements of spatial signal and noise contributions repeated. The ratio of signal-to-noise power is then computed for each orientation of the line image. By simulating selected imaging components and generating a resultant line image, the effect of such components on noise may be determined.
摘要翻译： 以预定取向的线图像的摄影传真由准直单色光源照射以产生衍射图案。 衍射图案的傅立叶分布由会聚透镜聚焦在空间信号和空间噪声分量的空间频率平面上的图像上。 将空间频率平面中的图像应用于检测器，用于选择性地测量信号和噪声分量的空间功率贡献，从而提供与成像系统信噪比相关的图像质量的度量。 可以将空间滤波器（18）引入到光路中以阻挡空间信号分量，同时允许噪声分量撞击检测器。 然后将线图像重新定向在图像平面中，并重复连续测量空间信号和噪声贡献。 然后针对线图像的每个取向计算信噪比的比率。 通过模拟所选择的成像组件并产生合成线图像，可以确定这些组件对噪声的影响。
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8.发明授权Color liquid crystal display backlight system for night vision imaging system compatibility 失效彩色液晶显示器背光系统，适用于夜视成像系统的兼容性
公开(公告)号：US5661578A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-26
申请号：US97521
申请日：1993-07-27
IPC分类号： G02F1/1335 , G02F1/13357 , G01D11/28
CPC分类号： G02F1/133615 , G02F2001/133626
摘要： The disclosure is directed to a color liquid crystal display backlight system for daytime and nighttime use. Night vision imaging system retirements are met so that light emissions from the 630 nm to 930 nm range are substantially reduced or eliminated. Separate daytime and nighttime light sources are utilized. The NVIS compatible nighttime source is positioned to be out of sight of a user and produces an appropriately filtered, substantially collimated beam which diffusively reflects from the inside walls and base of the display housing before it illuminates the display surface. Intensities of both daytime and nighttime light sources can be controlled.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于日间和夜间使用的彩色液晶显示器背光系统。 满足夜视成像系统的退役要求，从而大大降低或消除了630纳米到930纳米范围内的光发射。 使用单独的白天和夜间光源。 NVIS兼容的夜间源位于用户的视线之外，并且在其照亮显示表面之前产生从显示器壳体的内壁和底部扩散反射的适当滤波的基本准直的光束。 可以控制白天和夜间光源的强度。
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公开(公告)号：US4991229A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-05
申请号：US331866
申请日：1989-04-03
申请人： Larry A. Nelson , James W. Woods
发明人： Larry A. Nelson , James W. Woods
CPC分类号： H04B10/50
摘要： A fiber optic transmission system including a fiber optic link. Transmitting apparatus transmits an optical signal having a concentration of energy at a particular wavelength. Routing apparatus then routes optical signals in response to the concentration of energy at the particular wavelength of the transmitted optical signal. The routing apparatus is disposed to receive the transmitted optical signal and also reflects a small portion of the transmitted optical signal. A first apparatus for receiving the reflected portion of the optical signal is disposed to cooperate with the routing apparatus and further has apparatus for converting the reflected portion into a control signal. Temperature sensing apparatus is disposed to sense temperature variations in the first receiving apparatus and apparatus for controlling the transmitting apparatus is adapted to receive the control signal and further is disposed so as to regulate the transmitting appratus responsively to the control signal. The controlling apparatus further operates to regulate the power of the transmitting apparatus as a function of temperature sensed by the temperature sensing apparatus so as to maintain a preselected power margin in the fiber optic link.
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公开(公告)号：US4788150A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-29
申请号：US27558
申请日：1987-03-18
申请人： Larry A. Nelson , William A. Mace
发明人： Larry A. Nelson , William A. Mace
CPC分类号： G01N35/02 , G01N2035/00425 , Y10T436/111666 , Y10T436/113332
摘要： An analysis system has a first region in which sample materials are stored at an appropriate storage temperature and an analysis region which is maintained at a controlled and stabilized temperature higher than the temperature of the first region. Transfer mechanism for transferring a quantity of sample material from the first region for loading into an analysis cuvette in the analysis region includes a liquid handling probe that is mounted on a probe transport carriage, and a drive for moving the transport carriage between the first and second regions. The transport carriage includes a storage chamber connected to the liquid handling probe, thermal energy supplying means in heat exchange relation with the storage chamber, and thermal sensor means carried by the transport carriage. Means responsive to the thermal sensor supplies thermal energy to the transport carriage to maintain the storage chamber at substantially the same temperature as the analysis region.
摘要翻译： 分析系统具有第一区域，其中样品材料以适当的储存温度存储，并且分析区域保持在比第一区域的温度高的受控和稳定的温度。 用于将来自第一区域的样品材料的量从用于装载到分析区域中的分析试管中的转移机构包括安装在探针输送架上的液体处理探针和用于在第一和第二 地区。 运输托架包括连接到液体处理探针的储存室，与储存室热交换的热能供应装置和由运输托架承载的热传感器装置。 响应于热传感器的装置将热能提供给运输托架，以将储存室维持在与分析区域基本相同的温度。
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