公开(公告)号：US5960091A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-28

申请号：US846052

申请日：1997-04-25

申请人： Stanley A. White ,  Jeffrey P. Woodard ,  Michael Alan Soderstrand ,  Karl Einar Nelson ,  Phong Vu Nguyen Dao

发明人： Stanley A. White ,  Jeffrey P. Woodard ,  Michael Alan Soderstrand ,  Karl Einar Nelson ,  Phong Vu Nguyen Dao

IPC分类号： H03H17/02 ,  H03H17/04 ,  H03G5/00

CPC分类号： H03H17/0294 ,  H03H17/025 ,  H03H17/0288 ,  H03H17/04 ,  H03H2017/0297

摘要： Noise is removed from the digitized output of a sensor, subject to undesired resonance, even when the resonant frequency is unknown or drifts, with sufficiently low phase delay for the sensor to be used in closed-loop control. A very narrow notch filter which removes the resonance-induced noise is recursive (IIR) and therefore has a low phase delay. However, the apparatus which determines the center frequency of the notch filter is non-recursive, and therefore stable. It includes a tunable FIR filter which tracks the same resonance that we wish the IIR filter to remove. Tuning the FIR filter to minimize the output of the FIR filter therefore tunes the notch frequency to align with the resonant frequency. The tuning parameter which adaptively produces this result is suitably scaled and biased, and is applied to the IIR filter.

公开(公告)号：US5732003A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-24

申请号：US634003

申请日：1996-04-15

申请人： Stanley A. White ,  Jeffrey P. Woodard

发明人： Stanley A. White ,  Jeffrey P. Woodard

IPC分类号： H03H17/02 ,  G06F17/10

CPC分类号： H03H17/0219

摘要： Noise may be reduced or eliminated from a digital sawtooth signal representing the phase of a periodic signal. This may be done precisely, even when inexpensive fixed-point arithmetic is used. In one aspect of the invention, the input signal (noise plus true signal) 12 is filtered to produce, in succession: (a) mod one differentiated noise plus slope of true phase signal 28; (b) mod one differentiated noise plus slope of residual phase signal (true phase signal minus estimated slope of true phase signal) 36; (c) mod one differentiated noise 46; (d) estimated noise 62; and (e) smoothed phase signal 72. In a second aspect, a noisy phase signal 12 is extracted from a first arbitrary periodic signal and the above steps are used to generate a noise-reduced phase signal 72. The noise-reduced phase signal 72 is then used to generate a second arbitrary periodic signal of the same frequency.

摘要翻译： 可以从表示周期性信号的相位的数字锯齿波信号中减少或消除噪声。 这可以精确地完成，即使使用便宜的定点运算。 在本发明的一个方面，输入信号（噪声加真实信号）12被滤波以产生：（a）模仿一个微分噪声加上真相信号28的斜率; （b）将一个微分噪声加上残差相位信号的斜率（真相信号减去真相信号的估计斜率）36; （c）模仿一种差异化噪声46; （d）估计噪音62; 和（e）平滑的相位信号72.在第二方面，从第一任意周期信号中提取噪声相位信号12，并且使用上述步骤来产生降噪相位信号72.噪声降低相位信号72 然后用于产生相同频率的第二任意周期信号。

公开(公告)号：US06611602B1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-26

申请号：US09324998

申请日：1999-06-02

申请人： Stanley A. White ,  Jeffrey P. Woodard ,  Michael Alan Soderstrand ,  Karl Einar Nelson ,  Phong Vu Nguyen Dao

发明人： Stanley A. White ,  Jeffrey P. Woodard ,  Michael Alan Soderstrand ,  Karl Einar Nelson ,  Phong Vu Nguyen Dao

IPC分类号： H03G500

CPC分类号： H03H17/0294 ,  H03H17/025 ,  H03H17/0288 ,  H03H17/04 ,  H03H2017/0297

摘要： Noise is removed from the digitized output of a sensor, subject to undesired resonance, even when the resonant frequency is unknown or drifts, with sufficiently low phase delay for the sensor to be used in closed-loop control. A very narrow notch filter which removes the resonance-induced noise is recursive (IIR) and therefore has a low phase delay. However, the apparatus which determines the center frequency of the notch filter is non-recursive, and therefore stable. It includes a tunable FIR filter which tracks the same resonance that we wish the IIR filter to remove. Tuning the FIR filter to minimize the output of the FIR filter therefore tunes the notch frequency to align with the resonant frequency. The tuning parameter which adaptively produces this result is suitably scaled and biased, and is applied to the IIR filter.

摘要翻译： 即使谐振频率未知或漂移，即使传感器用于闭环控制的相位延迟足够低，噪声也会从传感器的数字化输出中消失。 去除谐振感应噪声的非常窄的陷波滤波器是递归的（IIR），因此具有低相位延迟。 然而，确定陷波滤波器的中心频率的装置是非递归的，因此是稳定的。 它包括一个可调FIR滤波器，跟踪我们希望IIR滤波器去除的相同谐振。 调谐FIR滤波器以最小化FIR滤波器的输出，因此调谐陷波频率与谐振频率对齐。 自适应地产生该结果的调谐参数被适当地缩放和偏置，并且被应用于IIR滤波器。

公开(公告)号：US06725169B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-20

申请号：US10092457

申请日：2002-03-07

申请人： Leroy O. Thielman ,  Stanley A. White

发明人： Leroy O. Thielman ,  Stanley A. White

IPC分类号： G01C1900

CPC分类号： H03G3/30 ,  H03L7/08

摘要： An apparatus for controlling an amplitude of a signal generated from a digitized sinusoid of rapidly and widely varying amplitude is described herein. The apparatus includes a two stage gain adjuster which produces a gain adjusted signal, a phase shifter which converts the gain adjusted signal into two gain adjusted output signals separated in phase by 90 degrees, a power estimation unit to estimate the power of the gain adjusted signal, and an adjusting unit to adjust a gain of the gain adjuster according to a power estimate from the power estimation unit and a desired output signal power.

摘要翻译： 本文描述了一种用于控制从迅速且广泛变化的振幅的数字化正弦波产生的信号的幅度的装置。 该装置包括产生增益调整信号的二级增益调节器，将增益调整后的信号转换为相位分开90度的两个增益调整输出信号的移相器，估计增益调整信号的功率的功率估计单元 以及调整单元，用于根据来自功率估计单元的功率估计和期望的输出信号功率来调整增益调节器的增益。

公开(公告)号：US06192134B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-20

申请号：US08974874

申请日：1997-11-20

申请人： Stanley A. White ,  Kenneth S. Walley ,  James W. Johnston ,  P. Michael Henderson ,  Kelly H. Hale ,  Warner B. Andrews, Jr. ,  Jonathan I. Siann

发明人： Stanley A. White ,  Kenneth S. Walley ,  James W. Johnston ,  P. Michael Henderson ,  Kelly H. Hale ,  Warner B. Andrews, Jr. ,  Jonathan I. Siann

IPC分类号： H04R300

CPC分类号： H04R3/005 ,  H04R2201/401 ,  H04R2201/403

摘要： A system and method for a directional microphone system is disclosed. The directional microphone system can adaptively track and detect sources of sound information, and can reduce background noise. A first monolithic detection unit for detecting sound information and performing local signal processing on the detected sound information is provided. In the detection unit, an integrated transducer is provided for receiving acoustic waves and for generating sound information representative of the waves. A processor is coupled to the transducer for receiving the sound information and for performing local digital signal processing on the sound information to generate locally processed sound information. A base unit is coupled to the first monolithic detection unit and includes a global processor which receives the locally processed sound information and performs global digital signal processing on the locally processed sound information to generate globally processed sound information.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种定向麦克风系统的系统和方法。 定向麦克风系统可以自适应跟踪和检测声音信息源，并可以减少背景噪声。 提供了用于检测声音信息并对检测到的声音信息执行本地信号处理的第一单片检测单元。 在检测单元中，设置有用于接收声波并且用于产生表示波的声音信息的集成换能器。 处理器耦合到换能器，用于接收声音信息并用于对声音信息执行本地数字信号处理以产生本地处理的声音信息。 基本单元耦合到第一单片检测单元，并且包括全局处理器，其接收本地处理的声音信息并对本地处理的声音信息执行全局数字信号处理以产生全局处理的声音信息。

公开(公告)号：US5524120A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-04

申请号：US270559

申请日：1994-07-05

申请人： Joseph P. Pride, III ,  Stanley A. White

发明人： Joseph P. Pride, III ,  Stanley A. White

IPC分类号： H04L7/027 ,  H04L25/02 ,  H04B3/46

CPC分类号： H04L25/0262 ,  H04L7/027

摘要： This detector provides a computationally simple digital low power detector of symbol rate, also called baud rate. It uses an approximate Hilbert transform function to create approximate in-phase and quadrature signals. An approximate envelope detector (feature extractor) processes these signals to produce a signal with a strong frequency component at the symbol rate. This signal is then filtered, accumulated, and threshold detected. The approximate in-phase and quadrature signals are formed by a linear sequence of six delay elements, the output of the third delay element being the in-phase signal. A first summer receives the output of the second delay element at a minus input and the output of the fourth delay element at a plus input. A second summer receives the signal input at a minus input and the output of the sixth delay element at a plus input, and drives a right two bit shifter. A third summer receives the output of the right two bit shifter and the output of the first summer and drives both a right one bit shifter and a right three bit shifter, the outputs of which are summed to form the quadrature signal.

摘要翻译： 该检测器提供了符号率的计算简单的数字低功耗检测器，也称为波特率。 它使用近似希尔伯特变换函数来创建近似的同相和正交信号。 近似包络检测器（特征提取器）处理这些信号以产生具有符号速率的强频率分量的信号。 然后对该信号进行滤波，累积和阈值检测。 近似的同相和正交信号由六个延迟元件的线性序列形成，第三延迟元件的输出是同相信号。 第一个加法器在负输入处接收第二延迟元件的输出，并且在加号输入端接收第四延迟元件的输出。 第二个加法器在负输入处接收信号输入，并在正输入端接收第六延迟元件的输出，并驱动右两位移位器。 第三个夏天接收右两位移位器的输出和第一个加法器的输出，并驱动右一位移位器和右三位移位器，其输出相加以形成正交信号。

公开(公告)号：US5444639A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-22

申请号：US117461

申请日：1993-09-07

申请人： Stanley A. White

发明人： Stanley A. White

IPC分类号： G01C19/5607 ,  H03H17/08

CPC分类号： G01C19/5607

摘要： For use with a quartz angular rate sensor, a frequency and phase-locked synthesizer recovers a reference signal virtually free of phase noise, and generates a quadrature-phase reference signal for complex demodulation of the angular rate signal. The synthesizer also ensures a precisely adjusted phase shift of approximately zero across the drive tines of the sensor. Moreover, the digital synthesizer provides a precise numerical indication of the drive frequency, which can be used for compensation and automatic tuning of filters, such as a tracking filter, a filter in an automatic gain control, and notch filters in the phase and/or frequency detectors in the digital synthesizer. The tracking filter is used as a pre-filter for the synthesizer, and is responsive to a passband-width control signal generated from the magnitude of the frequency and phase error signal controlling the frequency generated by the synthesizer. Preferably the synthesizer has an oscillator controller for producing a pair of frequency control signals that are the sine and cosine of a frequency control parameter (.phi.), and one of these control signals is generated from the other by a polynomial approximation. To compensate for roundoff error, when one of the in-phase or quadrature-phase outputs has a magnitude less than a limit value, a compensated value for the other output is computed from an even polynomial of the magnitude.

摘要翻译： 为了与石英角速率传感器一起使用，频率和锁相合成器恢复基本上没有相位噪声的参考信号，并产生用于角速率信号的复杂解调的正交相位参考信号。 合成器还可确保在传感器的驱动齿上精确调整的相移为零。 此外，数字合成器提供驱动频率的精确数值指示，其可以用于滤波器的补偿和自动调谐，例如跟踪滤波器，自动增益控制中的滤波器和相位中的陷波滤波器和/或 数字合成器中的频率检测器。 跟踪滤波器用作合成器的预滤波器，并且响应于从控制由合成器产生的频率的频率和相位误差信号的幅度产生的通带宽度控制信号。 优选地，合成器具有用于产生作为频率控制参数（phi）的正弦和余弦的一对频率控制信号的振荡器控制器，并且这些控制信号中的一个通过多项式近似从另一个产生。 为了补偿舍入误差，当同相或正交相输出中的一个具有小于极限值的幅度时，另一输出的补偿值由大小的均匀多项式计算。

公开(公告)号：US5367475A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-22

申请号：US76077

申请日：1993-06-11

申请人： Stanley A. White

发明人： Stanley A. White

IPC分类号： G01S7/41 ,  G01V1/00 ,  G06F17/15 ,  G08G1/015 ,  G06F15/31

CPC分类号： G08G1/015 ,  G01V1/001 ,  G01S7/412

摘要： A MOVING VEHICLE CLASSIFIER WITH ITERATIVE DECONVOLVER ESTIMATOR deconvolves a signal in which a plurality of sensed signals, which originate from a common signal source (namely, a moving vehicle) and traverse differing signal paths, are used to formulate an initial unconstrained estimation of the signal source as a reference signal. Preselected constraints are placed on the reference signal to generate an estimate of the source signal, and of a source signal matrix, for the plurality of input sensors. A pseudoinverse of the source matrix is then used to form an estimate of the impulse response of the propagation paths for the signals. The estimates of signal path impulse response are used in combination with the input signals to again estimate the unconstrained reference signal. This is in turn used to estimate a new source signal matrix and path responses. These estimation steps are repeated in a series of iterative steps until a point of minimum variance from the received signals is reached. At this point, the source signal estimation is chosen as a deconvolved signal output. The moving vehicle which produced the source signal may then be classified by conventional means.

摘要翻译： 具有迭代逆变器估计器的移动车辆分类器解卷积信号，其中从公共信号源（即，移动车辆）产生并穿过不同信号路径的多个感测信号被用于制定信号的初始无约束估计 源作为参考信号。 预选的约束被放置在参考信号上以产生对于多个输入传感器的源信号和源信号矩阵的估计。 然后使用源矩阵的伪逆来形成信号的传播路径的脉冲响应的估计。 信号路径脉冲响应的估计与输入信号组合使用，以再次估计无约束参考信号。 这又用于估计新的源信号矩阵和路径响应。 这些估计步骤以一系列迭代步骤重复，直到达到接收信号的最小方差点。 此时，源信号估计被选择为去卷积信号输出。 然后可以通过常规方式分类产生源信号的移动车辆。

公开(公告)号：US5361379A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-01

申请号：US988364

申请日：1992-12-09

申请人： Stanley A. White

发明人： Stanley A. White

IPC分类号： G01P1/10 ,  G01P15/08 ,  G01V1/28 ,  G06F17/18 ,  G08G1/015 ,  G06F15/36

CPC分类号： G01V1/288 ,  G01P1/10 ,  G01P15/08 ,  G06F17/18 ,  G08G1/015

摘要： An apparatus and method are disclosed for classifying a signal among a plurality of potential signal sources or events in which a signal embodying values for predefined source features is received and conditional likelihoods are determined for the correspondence of each feature value with each of the plurality of events. The individual conditional likelihood values for each feature which corresponds to a common event are multiplied together to form an overall conditional likelihood that any event in question is the source of the signal. The total likelihood products are then sorted into maximum and minimum values, with the maximum likelihood forming a tentative output designation. The ranked values are then examined by a decision logic element to determine if they satisfy certain minimum absolute and relative value threshold limits to verify if the maximum or next higher level likelihood values designate proper output choices. Depending on the results of the threshold tests, one, two, or no signal sources or events are chosen for a signal classification output. At the same time, a conditional probability for the chosen signal is used to indicate a confidence level in the selected choice.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于对多个潜在信号源中的信号进行分类的装置和方法或其中接收到体现预定义源特征的值的信号的条件似然性，并且确定每个特征值与多个事件中的每个事件的对应关系的事件 。 对应于公共事件的每个特征的单个条件似然值被相乘以形成任何事件是信号源的总条件似然。 然后将总可能性产品分类为最大值和最小值，最大似然率形成暂定输出名称。 然后由判定逻辑元件检查排序的值，以确定它们是否满足某些最小绝对值和相对值阈值限值，以验证最大或下一较高电平似然值是否指定适当的输出选择。 根据阈值测试的结果，为信号分类输出选择一个，两个或者没有信号源或事件。 同时，所选信号的条件概率用于指示所选择的选择中的置信水平。

公开(公告)号：US5361036A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-01

申请号：US105326

申请日：1993-08-12

申请人： Stanley A. White

发明人： Stanley A. White

IPC分类号： G01C19/5607 ,  H03D1/22 ,  H03D3/00 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03D1/00 ,  G01P15/09

CPC分类号： G01C19/5607 ,  H03D1/2254 ,  H03D3/007 ,  H03L7/0991 ,  H03D3/006

摘要： To demonstrate a signal, the signal is sampled and each sample of the signal is multiplied by the sine and the cosine of a phase angle indicating when the sample was taken from the signal. The sinusoidal signal for producing an in-phase demodulated signal is Chebychev-approximation derived and computed as a selected even or odd polynomial, depending on whether the phase angle falls within one of a plurality of angular ranges. So that the error in the synthetic sinusoid is minimax and so that the even and odd polynomials have similar computational complexity, the angular ranges for the even polynomial exceed the angular ranges for the odd polynomial. Preferably, the sinusoid for producing a quadrature-phase demodulated signal is computed as a differential of the sinusoid spliced from the odd and even polynomials. Therefore the quadrature-phase demodulated signal can be provided with a minimal increase in computational complexity. The demodulation method permits a signal to be demodulated by a reference frequency signal to produce a demodulated digital signal that is synchronized to a system clock. The system clock need not be synchronized to the reference frequency signal. The demodulation method is computationally efficient, and permits a digital signal processor to be programmed for demodulating an angular rate signal from a quartz angular rate sensor vibrating at about 10 kilohertz.

摘要翻译： 为了演示信号，对信号进行采样，并将信号的每个采样乘以相位角的正弦和余弦，指示何时从信号中取样。 用于产生同相解调信号的正弦信号是取决于相位角是否在多个角度范围中的一个范围内导出并计算为选择的偶数或奇数多项式的切比哥夫近似。 因此，合成正弦波的误差是最小的，所以偶数和奇数多项式具有相似的计算复杂度，偶数多项式的角度范围超过奇数多项式的角度范围。 优选地，用于产生正交相位解调信号的正弦曲线被计算为从奇数和偶数多项式拼接的正弦曲线的差分。 因此，可以提供正交相位解调信号的计算复杂度的最小增加。 解调方法允许信号由参考频率信号解调，以产生与系统时钟同步的解调数字信号。 系统时钟不需要与参考频率信号同步。 解调方法在计算上是有效的，并且允许对数字信号处理器进行编程，以解调来自在约10千赫兹振荡的石英角速率传感器的角速率信号。