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公开(公告)号：US5414195A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US899962
申请日：1992-06-17
申请人： Steven H. Peterson , Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant , Edward F. Sverdrup , Thomas V. Congedo , John Bartko , Robert E. Witkowski , Arthur L. Wolfe , William D. Partlow , Michael C. Skriba
发明人： Steven H. Peterson , Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant , Edward F. Sverdrup , Thomas V. Congedo , John Bartko , Robert E. Witkowski , Arthur L. Wolfe , William D. Partlow , Michael C. Skriba
CPC分类号： G01N23/12 , G01N21/718 , G01N21/85 , Y10S588/90
摘要： The concentrations of residual heavy metal contaminants in the particulate material in a slurry produced in a particulate material washing process are monitored on-line and can be used to control the washing process. In alternative embodiments of the invention, x-rays, thermal neutrons or laser beams are directed at the slurry as it flows through a flow cell to induce emission of secondary x-rays, gamma rays or light, respectively, characteristic of the heavy metal contaminants and constituents representative of the solids contents of the slurry. These characteristic energies are measured and used to determine the concentration in ppm of the residual heavy metal contaminants in the particulate material within the slurry.
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2.发明授权System and method for on-line monitoring and control of heavy metal contamination in soil washing process 失效土壤清洗过程中重金属污染的在线监测与控制系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US5133901A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-28
申请号：US663962
申请日：1991-03-01
申请人： Steven H. Peterson , Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant , Edward F. Sverdrup , Thomas V. Congedo , John Bartko , Robert E. Witkowski , Arthur L. Wolfe , William D. Partlow , Michael C. Skriba
发明人： Steven H. Peterson , Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant , Edward F. Sverdrup , Thomas V. Congedo , John Bartko , Robert E. Witkowski , Arthur L. Wolfe , William D. Partlow , Michael C. Skriba
CPC分类号： G01N23/12 , G01N21/718 , G01N21/85 , Y10S588/90
摘要： The concentrations of residual heavy metal contaminants in the particulate material in a slurry produced in a particulate material washing process are monitored on-line and can be used to control the washing process. In alternative embodiments of the invention, x-rays, thermal neutrons or laser beams are directed at the slurry as it flows through a flow cell to induce emission of secondary x-rays, gamma rays or light, respectively, characteristic of the heavy metal contaminants and constituents representative of the solids contents of the slurry. These characteristic energies are measured and used to determine the concentration in ppm of the residual heavy metal contaminants in the particulate material within the slurry.
摘要翻译： 在颗粒材料洗涤过程中生产的浆料中的颗粒材料中的残余重金属污染物的浓度在线监测并可用于控制洗涤过程。 在本发明的替代实施例中，X射线，热中子或激光束在浆液流过流动池时被引导以分别引发重金属污染物特征的二次x射线，γ射线或光的发射 以及代表浆料的固体含量的成分。 这些特征能量被测量并用于确定浆料内颗粒材料中残余重金属污染物的浓度ppm。
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公开(公告)号：US5539788A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-23
申请号：US958215
申请日：1992-10-08
申请人： Frank H. Ruddy , Thomas V. Congedo , David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , Joseph L. Gonzalez , John G. Seidel , John Bartko , David F. McLaughlin
发明人： Frank H. Ruddy , Thomas V. Congedo , David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , Joseph L. Gonzalez , John G. Seidel , John Bartko , David F. McLaughlin
IPC分类号： G01N23/222 , G01V5/02 , G21G1/06
CPC分类号： G01V5/02 , G01N23/222 , G01N2223/0745 , G01N2223/204 , G01N2223/601
摘要： A system for determining depth profiles of concentrations of hazardous elements in soils comprises a neutron source for generating neutrons of a first energy level and irradiating a volume of soil with the neutrons. Nuclear reactions are effected within the soil and gamma radiation is emitted from the soil. The system also includes an array of gamma detectors for detecting gamma radiation emitted from the soil; source electronics for controlling the width of regularly repeated pulses of neutrons generated by the neutron source; detector electronics associated with the gamma detectors for amplifying and digitalizing signals generated by the gamma detectors and storing data representing the digitalized signals; spectral analysis software for analyzing the data and determining the concentrations of selected target elements in the soil; and an acquisition interface module (AIM). The AIM controls the timing of the source and detector electronics such that the neutron source generates neutrons in regularly repeated bursts of a prescribed pulse width and the detectors and detector electronics detect gamma rays during a plurality of time intervals associated with the burst and acquire groups of data. Each group is indicative of a number of gamma rays emitted and their energy levels during a corresponding time interval. The system also includes a mobile platform carrying the neutron source, array of gamma ray detectors and software for determining a depth profile of a target element. Trace elements can also be detected with the disclosed system.
摘要翻译： 用于确定土壤中有害元素浓度深度分布的系统包括用于产生第一能级中子并用中子照射一定体积土壤的中子源。 核反应在土壤中进行，γ辐射从土壤中排出。 该系统还包括用于检测从土壤发射的γ辐射的伽马检测器阵列; 源电子器件，用于控制由中子源产生的规则重复的中子脉冲的宽度; 与γ检测器相关联的检测器电子器件，用于放大和数字化由伽马检测器产生的信号并存储表示数字化信号的数据; 光谱分析软件，用于分析数据并确定土壤中选定的目标元素的浓度; 和采集接口模块（AIM）。 AIM控制源和检测器电子设备的定时，使得中子源以规定的脉冲宽度的规则重复脉冲串产生中子，并且检测器和检测器电子装置在与突发相关联的多个时间间隔内检测伽马射线，并获取 数据。 每个组指示在相应的时间间隔期间发射的伽马射线数量及其能量水平。 该系统还包括携带中子源，伽马射线探测器阵列和用于确定目标元件的深度分布的软件的移动平台。 也可以利用所公开的系统检测微量元素。
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公开(公告)号：US5316223A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US870962
申请日：1992-04-20
摘要： Particulate material such as for example soil contaminated with heavy metals, radioactive species and organics, singly or in combination, is treated by first washing the contaminated material with a contaminant mobilizing solution comprising a leaching agent, a surfactant or a mixture thereof. Large particles, typically greater than 5 mm are mechanically separated, washed with water and returned to the site as recovered soil. Fines, along with contaminants dissolved or dispersed in the contaminant mobilizing solution are separated from intermediate sized particles by a countercurrent flow of the contaminant mobilizing solution, preferably in a mineral jig. The intermediate sized particles are then abraded in an attrition scrubber to dislodge attached mineral slimes or fines. These additional fines are separated from the intermediate sized particles with a countercurrent flow of wash water in a second mineral jig. For some applications, the intermediate sized particles can also be abraded in an attrition scrubber prior to size separation in the first mineral jig. The slurry of intermediate sized particles and wash water discharged from the second mineral jig is dewatered to produce additional recovered soil. If the contamination includes insoluble heavy metal particles, they are separated from the effluent discharged from the second mineral jig by density separation preferably in a cross-current flow jig, prior to dewatering. Various techniques can be used to separate the fines and the contaminants dissolved and dispersed in the waste slurries discharged by the two mineral jigs used for countercurrent flow size separation from the contaminant mobilizing solution which is recycled.
摘要翻译： 通过首先用包含浸出剂，表面活性剂或其混合物的污染物移动溶液洗涤被污染的材料来处理颗粒物质，例如被重金属，放射性物质和有机物污染的单一或组合的污染物质。 通常大于5mm的大颗粒机械分离，用水洗涤并作为回收的土壤返回到现场。 细粉以及溶解或分散在污染物移动溶液中的污染物通过污染物移动溶液的逆流流动，优选在矿物夹具中与中等尺寸的颗粒分离。 然后在磨耗洗涤器中研磨中等尺寸的颗粒以除去附着的矿物质泥或细粒。 这些额外的细粉与中等尺寸的颗粒分离，在第二矿物夹具中具有逆流的洗涤水。 对于一些应用，在第一矿物夹具中的尺寸分离之前，中等尺寸的颗粒也可以在磨耗洗涤器中磨损。 从第二矿物夹具排出的中等尺寸颗粒和洗涤水的浆液被脱水以产生额外的回收土壤。 如果污染物包括不溶性重金属颗粒，则在脱水之前，通过密度分离优选在交叉流动夹具中将它们与从第二矿物夹具排出的流出物分离。 可以使用各种技术将细粒和污染物分散在由用于逆流流动尺寸分离的两个矿物夹具排出的废物浆料中，从被回收的污染物移动溶液中分离。
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公开(公告)号：US5128068A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-07
申请号：US529092
申请日：1990-05-25
摘要： Particulate material such as for example soil contaminated with heavy metals, radioactive species and organics, singly or in combination, is treated by first washing the contaminated material with a contaminant mobilizing solution comprising a leaching agent, a surfactant or a mixture thereof. Large particles, typically greater than 5 mm are mechanically separated, washed with water and returned to the site as recovered soil. Fines, along with contaminants dissolved or dispersed in the contaminant mobilizing solution are separated from intermediate sized particles by a countercurrent flow of the contaminant mobilizing solution, preferably in a mineral jig. The intermediate sized particles are then abraded in an attrition scrubber to dislodge attached mineral slimes or fines. These additional fines are separated from the intermediate sized particles with a countercurrent flow of wash water in a second mineral jig. For some applications, the intermediate sized particles can also be abraded in an attrition scrubber prior to size separation in the first mineral jig. The slurry of intermediate sized particles and wash water discharged from the second mineral jig is dewatered to produce additional recovered soil. If the contamination includes insoluble heavy metal particles, they are separated from the effluent discharged from the second mineral jig by density separation preferably in a cross-current flow jig, prior to dewatering. Various techniques can be used to separate the fines and the contaminants dissolved and dispersed in the waste slurries discharged by the two mineral jigs used for countercurrent flow size separation from the contaminant mobilizing solution which is recycled.
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公开(公告)号：US5372650A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-13
申请号：US052509
申请日：1993-04-27
申请人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant , Nicholas D'Amico , Ching-Yu Lin , Arthur L. Wolfe , Ivan A. Martorell
发明人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant , Nicholas D'Amico , Ching-Yu Lin , Arthur L. Wolfe , Ivan A. Martorell
CPC分类号： B03B9/00 , B24C9/006 , Y02P70/179
摘要： A process system is disclosed for the treatment of a waste sand material containing metal contaminants. The waste sand material is the product of sandblasting techniques used to remove paint. The metal contaminants generally include lead, copper, chromium, mercury and cadmium, among other heavy metals. The process particularly provides for the concentration of the lead contaminant in a waste sand that can be economically reclaimed or disposed in an environmentally safe manner. The process also produces a cleaned sand that contains only residual amounts of the metallic contaminants in environmentally acceptable levels. The process provides for the contacting of the waste sand material with a paint decomposer, attrition abrading this sand slurry, size separating the attrition abraded slurry to form a waste sand slurry and a cleaned sand, and removing a portion of the excess water content in the waste sand slurry.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于处理含有金属污染物的废砂材料的处理系统。 废砂材料是用于去除油漆的喷砂技术的产物。 金属污染物通常包括铅，铜，铬，汞和镉等重金属。 该方法特别提供可以经济地回收或以环境安全的方式处理的废弃物中的铅污染物的浓度。 该方法还产生清洁的砂，其仅含有在环境可接受水平中的残留量的金属污染物。 该方法提供了废砂材料与油漆分解器的接触，研磨该砂浆，将磨损的磨浆分离尺寸以形成废砂浆和清洁的砂，并除去一部分过量水分 废砂浆。
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公开(公告)号：US5436384A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-25
申请号：US137457
申请日：1993-10-18
申请人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , C. P. Keegan
发明人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , C. P. Keegan
摘要： A method for segregating fines from the clean coarse fraction of the soil, preparing the contaminated fines for subsequent processing, and then separating the contaminants from the clean fines. The process produces a small, highly concentrated contaminanth fraction and a large fraction of clean soil. Metals, metallic compounds, and/or radioactive contaminants are removed from the fine fraction using either gravity separation, multistage gravity separation, a centrifugal jig, regular magnetic or paramagnetic separation using a high gradient magnetic separator, and/or a superconducting separator. Preparation of the fines requires selective segregation of the targeted particles size range and the removal of interfering soil fractions, and vegetation such as root hairs. This preparation is accomplished by a combination of attrition scrubbing, countercurrent jigging, and screening.
摘要翻译： 一种将细粒与干净的粗糙部分分离的方法，为污染的细粉制备后续加工，然后将污染物与干净的细粉分离。 该过程产生小的，高度浓缩的污染物部分和大部分清洁的土壤。 和/或超导分离器，使用重力分离，多级重力分离，离心夹具，常规磁性或顺磁性分离法，从精细馏分中除去金属，金属化合物和/或放射性污染物。 细粉的制备需要选择性分离目标颗粒尺寸范围和去除干扰的土壤部分，以及植被如根毛。 该制备通过磨擦擦洗，逆流夹击和筛选的组合来实现。
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公开(公告)号：US5370827A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-06
申请号：US042188
申请日：1993-04-02
CPC分类号： C02F1/5236 , G21F9/10 , C02F2101/006
摘要： Solutions such as for example drinking water, ground water and extracting solutions contaminated with heavy metals and radioactive species, singly or in combination, are treated by first treating the contaminated solution with silicate and ammonium hydroxide solution precipitants. Then the contaminated solution is separately treated with an acid which gels, polymerizes and/or precipitates the contaminant-containing silica matrix to form an easily dewaterable and separable solid. The solid contaminants are readily removed from the cleansed solution by filtration means. The process utilizes a novel combination of steps which maximizes contaminant removal, minimizes waste volume, and produces a treatable waste solid. The preferred precipitants are sodium silicate, and ammonium hydroxide. The preferred mineral acid is hydrochloric acid.
摘要翻译： 通过首先用硅酸盐和氢氧化铵溶液沉淀剂处理污染的溶液来处理例如饮用水，地下水和被重金属和放射性物质污染的提取溶液的单独或组合的解决方案。 然后将污染的溶液用酸进行单独处理，该酸会使含有污染物的二氧化硅基质凝胶化，聚合和/或沉淀，形成易于脱水和分离的固体。 固体污染物通过过滤装置容易地从清洁的溶液中除去。 该方法利用了最大限度地除去污染物，最小化废物体积并产生可处理废物固体的步骤的新颖组合。 优选的沉淀剂是硅酸钠和氢氧化铵。 优选的无机酸是盐酸。
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公开(公告)号：US5268128A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-07
申请号：US648673
申请日：1991-01-31
申请人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant
发明人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant
摘要： Particulate material is treated by first washing the contaminated material with a contaminant mobilizing solution comprising a leaching agent, a surfactant or a mixture thereof. Large particles, typically greater than 5 mm are mechanically separated, washed with water and returned to the site as recovered soil. Fines, along with contaminants dissolved or dispersed in the contaminant mobilizing solution are separated from intermediate sized particles by a countercurrent flow of the contaminant mobilizing solution, preferably in a mineral jig. The intermediate sized particles are then abraded in an attrition scrubber to dislodge attached mineral slimes or fines. These additional fines are separated from the intermediate sized particles with a countercurrent flow of wash water in a second mineral jig. The preferred oxidizing agent is chlorine, and hydrogen is the preferred reducing agent.
摘要翻译： 通过首先用包含浸出剂，表面活性剂或其混合物的污染物移动溶液洗涤被污染的材料来处理颗粒材料。 通常大于5mm的大颗粒机械分离，用水洗涤并作为回收的土壤返回到现场。 细粉以及溶解或分散在污染物移动溶液中的污染物通过污染物移动溶液的逆流流动，优选在矿物夹具中与中等尺寸的颗粒分离。 然后在磨耗洗涤器中研磨中等尺寸的颗粒以除去附着的矿物质泥或细粒。 这些额外的细粉与中等尺寸的颗粒分离，在第二矿物夹具中具有逆流的洗涤水。 优选的氧化剂是氯，氢是优选的还原剂。
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公开(公告)号：US5324433A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-28
申请号：US870444
申请日：1992-04-16
申请人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda
发明人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda
IPC分类号： A62D3/00 , B09B3/00 , B09C1/00 , B09C1/02 , B09C1/08 , C02F1/26 , C02F9/00 , E02D3/10 , B01D11/04
CPC分类号： B09C1/08 , B09C1/002 , B09C1/02 , B09C2101/00 , C02F2103/06
摘要： A method for removing and stabilizing in-situ soluble heavy metal contaminants in land formations which comprises introducing into said formation an aqueous remediation solution comprising naturally-occurring ions present in said formation and remediation ions. The remediation solution selectively solubilizes and mobilizes the heavy metal contaminants into solution while substantially suppressing the displacement of said naturally-occurring ions from said formation. The method is effective with heavy metals which exist in both anionic and cationic form, and may be used to treat land formations below the surface to reduce soluble heavy metal contamination to a few parts per billion.
摘要翻译： 一种用于去除和稳定陆地中的原位可溶性重金属污染物的方法，其包括向所述地层中引入包含存在于所述地层中的天然存在的离子的水性修复溶液和修复离子。 修复溶液选择性地将重金属污染物溶解并移动到溶液中，同时基本上抑制所述天然存在的离子从所述地层的位移。 该方法对于以阴离子和阳离子形式存在的重金属是有效的，并且可用于处理表面以下的地层以将可溶性重金属污染减少到十亿分之几。
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