摘要:
The present invention also provides a process for producing a colloidal dispersion of silica particle agglomerates having a specific surface area, as determined by nitrogen adsorption method, of 100 m2/g to 400 m2/g, an average secondary particle diameter of 20 nm to 300 nm and a pore volume of 0.5 ml/g to 2.0 ml/g, which comprises using a colloidal dispersion of silica particle agglomerates having a specific surface area, as determined by nitrogen adsorption method, of 300 m2/g to 1,000 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.4 ml/g to 2.0 ml/g as a seed dispersion, adding a feed solution comprising at least one of an aqueous active silicic acid solution and alkoxysilanes to the seed dispersion in small portions in the presence of an alkali to grow silica particle agglomerates.
摘要:
The invention aims to provide a method by which a solution of polyimide can be easily obtained. Further, the invention aims to provide a fluorinated polyimide solution by which fluorinated polyimide excellent especially as an optical material and an electronic functional material can easily be produced. The production method of the soluble polyimide solution according to invention is characterized by mixing a mixture containing a polyamide acid, a cyclodehydration reagent, and a solvent by a rotation-revolution mixing method. Further, the fluorinated polyimide solution of the invention is a solution of polyimide defined by the following formula (II): wherein, X and Y independently represent divalent organic groups; Z represents chlorine atom, bromine atom, or iodine atom; p represents an integer of 1 to 3; q represents an integer of 0 to 2; and p+q=3.
摘要:
An optical waveguide substrate with an optical fiber fixation groove, including an optical waveguide which contains a lower cladding layer on a base substrate, wherein the lower cladding layer has an optical fiber fixation groove and a core groove, and a weir is provided between the optical fiber fixation groove and the core groove. The optical waveguide substrate with an optical fiber fixation groove is produced by forming a lower cladding layer on a base substrate using a male stamp produced from a female stamp and then successively forming a core layer and an upper cladding layer thereon.
摘要:
Provided are a polyimide which is inexpensive, has various excellent material properties including strength, heat resistance, low moisture absorption, mold releasability (detachability), dielectric properties, electrical properties, and optical properties, and can exhibit a high level of water repellency, and a polyamic acid composition useful as a raw material therefor. Also provided are the polyimide which can give a polyimide composition that, besides having such excellent material properties, is capable of having a controlled surface resistivity, and a polyamic acid composition useful as a raw material therefor. The polyimide is a highly water-repellent polyimide for copier members which is obtained using one or more acid dianhydrides and one or more diamine compounds, and is characterized in that at least one of the acid dianhydrides and the diamine compounds is a compound having an ether bond and/or a thioether bond in the molecule and that the total number of ether bonds and thioether bonds in the repeating unit constituting the polyimide and derived from the acid dianhydrides and the diamine compounds is 2 or larger.
摘要:
The present invention provides an ink-jet recording sheet which is excellent in water resistance, capable of providing excellent ink-drying property and image quality, substantially free from blurring, and suitable for use as OHP sheets of which a high transparency is necessitated. The present process for producing an ink-jet recording sheet comprises applying to a base sheet, an aqueous solution of a water-soluble resin having no radically polymerizable double bond in the molecule and selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, polyacryloyl morpholine, water-soluble polyvinyl acetal, poly-N-vinyl acetamide, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, gelatin, casein and derivatives of them, irradiating the resultant coating layer with electron beam before the coating layer is dried, to form a hydrogel, and drying the hydrogel. In the present invention, the water-soluble resin is usable in combination with a polyalkylene oxide compatible with the water-soluble resin.
摘要:
The invention provides a flexible optical waveguide in which an optical waveguide film is directly formed on a substrate without using an adhesive and which is excellent in flexibility of the optical waveguide film, including the substrate, and excellent in adhesiveness between the substrate and the optical waveguide film, as well as a process for producing the flexible optical waveguide in a simple and easy manner. The flexible optical waveguide includes a lower cladding layer, a core layer, and an upper cladding layer successively formed on a substrate and a surface of the substrate, on which surface the lower cladding layer is to be formed, has an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 0.03 μm or higher. The flexible optical waveguide can be produced by subjecting a surface of the substrate, on which surface the lower cladding layer is to be formed, to physical treatment with a whetstone or chemical treatment with a corona discharge and then successively forming the lower cladding layer, the core layer, and the upper cladding layer on the surface of the substrate.
摘要:
In an optical waveguide, the present invention provides a process for producing an optical waveguide, and a stamp for use in the production process, in which the thickness of a lower cladding layer in the portion positioned in the lower side of a core layer is easily controlled even if any one or more materials of a substrate, a cladding material, and a stamp are material with low rigidity. The production process of the present invention comprises steps of forming a lower cladding layer which has a core groove and spacer grooves formed substantially in parallel with intervals in both sides of the core groove on a substrate by making use of soft lithography with a second stamp (i.e., a male stamp); then forming a core layer by injecting and filling a core material into the core groove, followed by curing the core material; further forming a upper cladding layer by injecting and filling a cladding material into the spacer grooves and applying the cladding material to the lower cladding layer so as to be embedded the core layer and followed by curing. A stamp used in the production process of the present invention comprises a convex portion or a concave portion corresponding to a core groove and convex portions or concave portions corresponding to spacer grooves formed substantially in parallel with intervals in both sides of the convex portion or the concave portion corresponding to the core groove.
摘要:
The present invention provides a flexible optical waveguide in which at least one of a lower cladding layer, a core layer, and an upper cladding layer is composed of an epoxy film formed using an epoxy resin composition containing a polyglycidyl compound having a polyalkylene glycol chain(s) and at least two glycidyl groups or an epoxy film having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 100° C. or lower, a process for its production, and an epoxy resin composition for flexible optical waveguides.
摘要:
A halogenated polyamide acid composition containing a halogenated polyamide acid, a metal oxide precursor, a catalyst of reaction of generating a metal oxide from the precursor, and/or a coupling agent having a reactive group. A halogenated polyimide film is obtained by, for example, carrying out the heat treatment of the halogenated polyamide acid composition. The halogenated polyimide film has a refractive index at wavelength of, for example, 1,550 nm of 1.520 or lower. Further, an optical waveguide uses the halogenated polyimide film as at least one of a core layer and a clad layer, and a relative refractive index difference between the core layer and the clad layer of the optical waveguide is, for example, 0.6 or greater. An optical waveguide device contains such an optical waveguide.
摘要:
A halogenated polyamide acid composition containing a halogenated polyamide acid, a metal oxide precursor, a catalyst of reaction of generating a metal oxide from the precursor, and/or a coupling agent having a reactive group. A halogenated polyimide film is obtained by, for example, carrying out the heat treatment of the halogenated polyamide acid composition. The halogenated polyimide film has a refractive index at wavelength of, for example, 1,550 nm of 1.520 or lower. Further, an optical waveguide uses the halogenated polyimide film as at least one of a core layer and a clad layer, and a relative refractive index difference between the core layer and the clad layer of the optical waveguide is, for example, 0.6 or greater. An optical waveguide device contains such an optical waveguide.