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公开(公告)号：US07481859B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-27
申请号：US11067563
申请日：2005-02-28
CPC分类号： C01B3/382 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/0053 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0816 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0888 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/82 , Y02P20/129
摘要： Process for cooling an exothermic reaction zone by introducing a stream of water and a hydrocarbon-containing stream into a plurality of humidifying tubes extending through a catalytic exothermic reaction zone of a catalytic fixed bed with solid catalyst, introducing a process stream into the reaction zone for one or more catalytic exothermic reactions, passing the stream of water in a falling film along the inner circumference of the humidifying tubes, humidifying the hydrocarbon-containing stream with water in the humidifying tubes in indirect heat exchange with the exothermic reaction zone, withdrawing cooled reaction product of the exothermic reaction from the reaction zone, withdrawing the heated humidified, hydrocarbon-containing stream from the humidifying tubes, and transferring the heated humidified, hydrocarbon-containing process stream for further processing.
摘要翻译： 通过将水流和含烃物流引入到通过催化固定床的催化放热反应区的固体催化剂的多个加湿管中来冷却放热反应区的方法，将工艺流引入反应区 一个或多个催化放热反应，沿着加湿管的内周将水流送入落下的薄膜中，在加湿管内与含水物流加湿，与放热反应区间接热交换，抽出冷却反应 来自反应区的放热反应的产物，从加湿管中取出加热的加湿的含烃物流，并转移加热的加湿的含烃流程以进一步处理。
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公开(公告)号：US09005827B2
公开(公告)日：2015-04-14
申请号：US13695944
申请日：2010-05-05
申请人： Thomas Nedergaard Clausen , Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Rasmus Gottrup Barfod , Peter Vang Hendriksen , Johan Hjelm , Joachim Jacobsen , John Bøgild Hansen
发明人： Thomas Nedergaard Clausen , Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Rasmus Gottrup Barfod , Peter Vang Hendriksen , Johan Hjelm , Joachim Jacobsen , John Bøgild Hansen
CPC分类号： H01M8/04955 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/04731 , H01M8/04873 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/04888 , H01M8/0612 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2008/147 , Y02E60/50 , Y02E60/525 , Y02E60/526
摘要： Process for operating a high temperature fuel cell stack by the steps of: connecting the fuel cell stack in parallel to a power supply unit at a predefined temperature and/or voltage of the fuel cell stack, applying a voltage from the power supply unit of between 700 to 1500 mV per fuel cell across the fuel cell stack irrespective of the electro-motive force of the fuel cell stack, heating up the fuel cell stack from the predefined temperature to operation temperature while maintaining the voltage per fuel cell the power supply unit, maintaining the fuel cell stack at or above a predetermined operation temperature and/or above a predetermined voltage until the fuel cell stack is to be put into operation, supplying fuel to the fuel cell stack, and disconnecting the power supply unit followed by connecting a power-requiring load to the fuel cell stack.
摘要翻译： 用于通过以下步骤操作高温燃料电池堆的方法：在燃料电池堆的预定温度和/或电压下将燃料电池堆并联到电源单元，施加来自电源单元之间的电压 不管燃料电池堆的电动力如何，每个燃料电池700至1500mV，不管燃料电池堆的电动力，将燃料电池堆从预定温度加热到工作温度，同时保持每个燃料电池的电压，电源单元， 将燃料电池堆保持在预定操作温度以上或高于预定电压，直到燃料电池组投入运行，向燃料电池堆供电，并断开电源单元连接电源 - 需要负载到燃料电池堆。
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公开(公告)号：US20130052548A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-28
申请号：US13695944
申请日：2010-05-05
申请人： Thomas Nedergaard Clausen , Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Rasmus Gottrup Barfod , Peter Vang Hendriksen , Johan Hjelm , Joachim Jacobsen , John Bøgild Hansen
发明人： Thomas Nedergaard Clausen , Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Rasmus Gottrup Barfod , Peter Vang Hendriksen , Johan Hjelm , Joachim Jacobsen , John Bøgild Hansen
CPC分类号： H01M8/04955 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/04731 , H01M8/04873 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/04888 , H01M8/0612 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2008/147 , Y02E60/50 , Y02E60/525 , Y02E60/526
摘要： Process for operating a high temperature fuel cell stack, the process comprising the following steps: b) connecting the fuel cell stack in parallel to a power supply unit at a predefined temperature and/or voltage of the fuel cell stack, h) applying a voltage from the power supply unit of between 700 to 1500 mV per fuel cell across the fuel cell stack irrespective of the electro-motive force of the fuel cell stack, i) heating up the fuel cell stack from the predefined temperature to operation temperature while maintaining the voltage per fuel cell the power supply unit, j) maintaining the fuel cell stack at or above a predetermined operation temperature and/or above a predetermined voltage until the fuel cell stack is to be put into operation, k) supplying fuel to the fuel cell stack, l) disconnecting the power supply unit followed by m) connecting a power-requiring load to the fuel cell stack.
摘要翻译： 用于操作高温燃料电池堆的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：b）在燃料电池堆的预定温度和/或电压下将燃料电池堆并联连接到电源单元，h）施加电压 不管燃料电池堆的电动势如何，从燃料电池堆的每个燃料电池700至1500mV的电源单元，i）将燃料电池堆从预定的温度加热到工作温度，同时保持 燃料电池单元的电压，电源单元，j）将燃料电池堆保持在预定操作温度以上或高于预定电压，直到燃料电池组投入运行，k）向燃料电池供应燃料 堆叠，l）断开电源单元，然后m）将需要功率的负载连接到燃料电池堆。
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公开(公告)号：US20050188619A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-01
申请号：US11067563
申请日：2005-02-28
CPC分类号： C01B3/382 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/0053 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0816 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0888 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/82 , Y02P20/129
摘要： Process for cooling an exothermic reaction zone by introducing a stream of water and a hydrocarbon-containing stream into a plurality of humidifying tubes extending through a catalytic exothermic reaction zone of a catalytic fixed bed with solid catalyst, introducing a process stream into the reaction zone for one or more catalytic exothermic reactions, passing the stream of water in a falling film along the inner circumference of the humidifying tubes, humidifying the hydrocarbon-containing stream with water in the humidifying tubes in indirect heat exchange with the exothermic reaction zone, withdrawing cooled reaction product of the exothermic reaction from the reaction zone, withdrawing the heated humidified, hydrocarbon-containing stream from the humidifying tubes, and transferring the heated humidified, hydrocarbon-containing process stream for further processing.
摘要翻译： 通过将水流和含烃物流引入到通过催化固定床的催化放热反应区的固体催化剂的多个加湿管中来冷却放热反应区的方法，将工艺流引入反应区 一个或多个催化放热反应，沿着加湿管的内周将水流送入落下的薄膜中，在加湿管内与含水物流加湿，与放热反应区间接热交换，抽出冷却反应 来自反应区的放热反应的产物，从加湿管中取出加热的加湿的含烃物流，并转移加热的加湿的含烃流程以进一步处理。
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公开(公告)号：US08677762B2
公开(公告)日：2014-03-25
申请号：US12674272
申请日：2008-08-13
IPC分类号： F02C6/18
CPC分类号： C07C29/1518 , C07C41/01 , C10G3/42 , C10G2300/1022 , C10G2400/02 , Y02E20/14 , Y02P30/20 , C07C31/04 , C07C43/043
摘要： A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon products and for the generation of power that includes the steps of (a) providing a synthesis gas having a hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio of between 0.1 and 1; (b) contacting the synthesis gas with one or more catalysts which together catalyse a reaction of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to oxygenates comprising methanol and dimethyl ether with a dimethyl ether to methanol ratio of higher than 2 and a carbon dioxide content of above 20 mole %; (c) contacting the carbon dioxide containing oxygenate mixture at an inlet temperature of between 240° and 4000° C. with a catalyst being active in the conversion of oxygenate to higher hydrocarbons and a tail gas being rich in carbon dioxide; (d) combusting the carbon dioxide rich tail gas in a gas turbine combustion chamber to flue gas; and (e) expanding the flue gas stream through a gas turbine for the generation of power.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制备烃产物和产生动力的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）提供氢与一氧化碳比为0.1至1的合成气; （b）使合成气与一种或多种催化剂接触，这些催化剂一起催化氢和一氧化碳与包含甲醇和二甲醚的含氧化合物的反应，甲醚与甲醇的比例高于2，二氧化碳含量高于20摩尔％ ; （c）在240℃和4000℃之间的入口温度下与含氧化合物混合物的接触与在含氧化合物转化为高级烃和富含二氧化碳的尾气中具有活性的催化剂接触; （d）将燃气轮机燃烧室中的富含二氧化碳的尾气燃烧成烟道气; 和（e）通过用于发电的燃气轮机扩大烟气流。
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公开(公告)号：US20100216897A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-26
申请号：US12663058
申请日：2008-07-10
IPC分类号： C07C31/00
CPC分类号： C07C41/01 , C07C43/043
摘要： Process for the preparation of dimethyl ether by catalytic conversion of synthesis gas to dimethyl ether comprising contacting a stream of synthesis gas comprising carbon dioxide with one or more catalysts active in the formation of methanol and the dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether, to form a product mixture comprising the components dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide and unconverted synthesis gas, washing the product mixture comprising carbon dioxide and unconverted synthesis gas in a first scrubbing zone with a first solvent rich in dimethyl ether and subsequently washing the effluent from the first scrubbing zone in a second scrubbing zone with a second solvent rich in methanol to form a vapour stream comprising unconverted synthesis gas stream with reduced content of carbon dioxide, transferring the vapour stream comprising unconverted synthesis gas stream with reduced carbon dioxide content for further processing to dimethyl ether.
摘要翻译： 通过将合成气催化转化成二甲醚来制备二甲醚的方法，包括使包含二氧化碳的合成气流与一种或多种在甲醇形成中有活性的催化剂和将甲醇脱水成二甲醚接触的产物 混合物，其包含二甲醚，二氧化碳和未转化的合成气的组分，在第一洗涤区中用含有二甲醚的第一溶剂洗涤包含二氧化碳和未转化的合成气的产物混合物，随后在第一洗涤区中洗涤流出物， 第二洗涤区与富含甲醇的第二溶剂形成包含具有降低的二氧化碳含量的未转化的合成气流的蒸汽流，将含有还原二氧化碳含量的未转化的合成气流的蒸气流转移到二甲醚中进一步处理。
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公开(公告)号：US07252693B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-07
申请号：US10435592
申请日：2003-05-12
CPC分类号： C01B3/501 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2208/00221 , C01B3/16 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/041 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0888 , C01B2203/0894 , F28D3/02 , F28D3/04 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A process and reaction unit for isothermal shift conversion of a carbon monoxide containing feed gas. The process comprises the steps of introducing the feed gas in a reaction unit into reactor tubes with a fixed bed of a shift conversion catalyst in a reaction zone, contacting the feed gas with the catalyst at conditions being effective in carbon monoxide shift conversion reaction with steam reactant to hydrogen and cooling the reaction by indirect heat exchange with a cooling agent by passing the cooling agent in a falling film along shell side of the reactor tubes and removing heated cooling agent from the falling film, passing hydrogen when it is formed by the shift conversion reaction through a hydrogen selective membrane to a permeate zone, and withdrawing hydrogen from the permeate zone and carbon monoxide depleted feed gas from the reaction zone.
摘要翻译： 一氧化碳进料气体的等温转化转化的工艺和反应单元。 该方法包括以下步骤：将反应单元中的进料气体引入反应器管中，其中在反应区中具有位移转化催化剂的固定床，在与蒸汽一氧化碳转化反应有效的条件下使进料气体与催化剂接触 反应物通过与冷却剂间接热交换冷却反应，通过使冷却剂沿着反应器管的壳侧通过降膜，并从降膜去除加热的冷却剂，当通过转移形成时通过氢气 通过氢选择性膜到渗透区的转化反应，以及从渗透区抽出氢气和从反应区中排出一氧化碳的进料气。
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公开(公告)号：US20110314834A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-29
申请号：US12674272
申请日：2008-08-13
IPC分类号： F02C6/18
CPC分类号： C07C29/1518 , C07C41/01 , C10G3/42 , C10G2300/1022 , C10G2400/02 , Y02E20/14 , Y02P30/20 , C07C31/04 , C07C43/043
摘要： A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon products and for the generation of power comprising the steps of (a) providing a synthesis gas having a hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio of between 0.1 and 1; (b) contacting the synthesis gas with one or more catalysts which together catalyse a reaction of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to oxygenates comprising methanol and dimethyl ether with a dimethyl ether to methanol ratio of higher than 2 and a carbon dioxide content of above 20 mole %; (c) contacting the carbon dioxide containing oxygenate mixture at an inlet temperature of between 240 and 4000 C with a catalyst being active in the conversion of oxygenate to higher hydrocarbons and a tail gas being rich in carbon dioxide; (d) combusting the carbon dioxide rich tail gas, optionally admixed with fresh carbon monoxide rich synthesis gas in a gas turbine combustion chamber to flue gas; and (e) expanding the flue gas stream through a gas turbine for the generation of power.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制备烃产物和产生动力的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）提供氢与一氧化碳比为0.1至1的合成气; （b）使合成气与一种或多种催化剂接触，这些催化剂一起催化氢和一氧化碳与包含甲醇和二甲醚的含氧化合物的反应，甲醚与甲醇的比例高于2，二氧化碳含量高于20摩尔％ ; （c）在240至4000℃的入口温度下使含二氧化碳混合物与含氧化合物转化为高级烃和富含二氧化碳的尾气有活性的催化剂接触; （d）燃烧富含二氧化碳的尾气，任选地与燃气轮机燃烧室中的新鲜的富含一氧化碳的合成气混合成烟道气; 和（e）通过用于发电的燃气轮机扩大烟气流。
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公开(公告)号：US07717971B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-18
申请号：US11759096
申请日：2007-06-06
申请人： Kim Aasberg-Petersen , Ib Dybkjær , Peter Seier Christensen , Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Niels Erikstrup , Jens-Henrik Bak Hansen
发明人： Kim Aasberg-Petersen , Ib Dybkjær , Peter Seier Christensen , Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Niels Erikstrup , Jens-Henrik Bak Hansen
IPC分类号： B01J8/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/382 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/1035 , C01B2203/143 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/82
摘要： Process and system for the production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon feed stock comprising the steps of endothermic and/or adiabatic catalytic steam reforming and autothermal steam reforming in series, wherein the steam reforming is carried out in one or more endothermic stages in series or in one or more adiabatic steam reforming stages in series with intermediate heating of feed stock gas leaving the adiabatic reforming stages and wherein carbon monoxide containing gas characterised by having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon of less than 4.5 is added prior to at least one of the endothermic or adiabatic steam reforming stages and/or prior to the autothermal steam reforming step.
摘要翻译： 用于从烃原料生产合成气的方法和系统，包括以下步骤：串联的吸热和/或绝热催化蒸汽重整和自热蒸汽重整，其中蒸汽重整在一个或多个吸热阶段串联或在 与离开绝热重整阶段的原料气体的中间加热串联的一个或多个绝热蒸汽重整级，并且其中以至少一个氢气与碳之间的氢与碳的摩尔比为小于4.5的一氧化碳的气体加入 吸热或绝热蒸汽重整阶段和/或在自热蒸汽重整步骤之前。
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公开(公告)号：US07087192B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-08
申请号：US10667392
申请日：2003-09-23
申请人： Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Niels Erikstrup , Peter Seier Christensen , Kim Aasberg-Petersen , Jens-Henrik Bak Hansen , Ib Dybkjaer
发明人： Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Niels Erikstrup , Peter Seier Christensen , Kim Aasberg-Petersen , Jens-Henrik Bak Hansen , Ib Dybkjaer
IPC分类号： C01B3/38
CPC分类号： C01B3/384 , C01B3/382 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0816 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1035 , C01B2203/142 , Y02P20/129
摘要： Process and apparatus for the preparation of synthesis gas by catalytic steam and/or CO2 reforming of a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising the following steps: (a) heating the reaction mixture of hydrocarbon feedstock and steam and/or CO2 in the flue gas containing waste heat section from the fired tubular reformer (b) adiabatic reforming of the reaction mixture outside the waste heat section by contact with a solid reforming catalyst (c) repeating steps (a) and (b) until the desired reaction mixture composition and temperature is reached (d) feeding the reaction mixture to the fired tubular reformer and further reforming the mixture to the desired composition and temperature, wherein the adiabatic reforming of the reaction mixture is conducted in the process gas piping system in the flue gas-containing waste heat section, the piping system having adiabatic zones outside the heating section and containing solid reforming catalysts comprising one or more catalyzed structured elements.
摘要翻译： 通过烃原料的催化蒸汽和/或CO 2重整制备合成气的方法和装置，包括以下步骤：（a）加热烃原料和蒸汽和/或CO的反应混合物 （b）通过与固体重整催化剂（c）接触使反应混合物在废热段外部进行绝热重整，重复步骤（a）， 和（b）直到达到所需的反应混合物组成和温度（d）将反应混合物进料到烧制的管状重整器中，并进一步将混合物重整成所需的组成和温度，其中反应混合物的绝热重整在 含烟道气废热段的处理气体管道系统，该管道系统在加热段外部具有绝热区，并含有固体重整催化剂，其包含一个或多个催化的st 被推翻的元素。
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