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    Ethylene-vinyl alcohol hollow fiber membrane and method for the production thereof
    4.
    发明授权
    Ethylene-vinyl alcohol hollow fiber membrane and method for the production thereof 失效
    乙烯 - 乙烯醇中空纤维膜及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4385094A

    公开(公告)日：1983-05-24

    申请号：US142228

    申请日：1980-04-21

    申请人： Taku Tanaka ,  Shuzo Yamashita ,  Hirokuni Tanii ,  Akira Kubotsu ,  Syuji Kawai

    发明人： Taku Tanaka ,  Shuzo Yamashita ,  Hirokuni Tanii ,  Akira Kubotsu ,  Syuji Kawai

    IPC分类号： B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/38 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01F6/30 ,  D01F6/34 ,  B29D27/04

    CPC分类号： B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/38 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01F6/30 ,  D01F6/34 ,  Y10T428/2975

    摘要： There is provided a hollow fiber membrane of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer which is produced by a process comprising extruding a spinning solution of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer in a solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone and mixtures thereof through a hollow fiber spinneret while a liquid coagulant is introduced into a central aperture of said spinneret, passing the spun fiber through a gaseous atmosphere in a manner such that the fiber is drawn 0.5 to 20 times its extrusion rate and then coagulating said fiber in a coagulating bath at a temperature within the range satisfying the following relationship:when 15.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.40, 1/4C+20.ltoreq.T.ltoreq.1/4C+57wherein C denotes the copolymer concentration of the spinning solution (wt. %) and T denotes the coagulation temperature (.degree.C.).The coagulating liquid can be water or a mixture of the same solvent as that of said spinning solution with no less than 20 weight % of water.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种乙烯 - 乙烯醇共聚物的中空纤维膜，其通过以下方法制备，该方法包括将乙烯 - 乙烯醇共聚物的纺丝溶液在选自二甲基亚砜，二甲基乙酰胺，吡咯烷酮，N-甲基吡咯烷酮和 其混合物通过中空纤维喷丝头，同时将液体凝结剂引入所述​​喷丝头的中心孔中，使纺丝纤维以气态气氛使纤维以0.5至20倍的挤出速率拉伸，然后使纤维凝结 在满足以下关系的范围内的温度下的凝固浴中：当15℃= 40,1 / 4C + 20℃/ 1 / 4C + 57，其中C表示共聚物浓度 纺丝溶液（wt。％）和T表示凝固温度（℃）。 凝结液可以是水或与所述纺丝溶液相同溶剂的混合物，其含量不得少于20重量％。

    PVA membrane and method for preparing the same
    5.
    发明授权
    PVA membrane and method for preparing the same 失效
    PVA膜及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4073733A

    公开(公告)日：1978-02-14

    申请号：US679441

    申请日：1976-04-22

    申请人： Kazuhisa Yamauchi ,  Koichi Takakura ,  Syuji Kawai ,  Akio Ohmori

    发明人： Kazuhisa Yamauchi ,  Koichi Takakura ,  Syuji Kawai ,  Akio Ohmori

    IPC分类号： B01D69/02 ,  B01D71/38 ,  B01D31/00

    CPC分类号： B01D69/02 ,  B01D71/38 ,  Y10S521/905 ,  Y10S521/921

    摘要： A polyvinyl alcohol semi-permeable membrane is prepared which has micropores with an average diameter of 0.02 to 2 microns as defined by the interpore partition walls having thicknesses in the range of 50 to 5000 A and which is characterized by substantial cross-sectional uniformity. The membrane is prepared by extruding a PVA composition containing PAG with a molecular weight of 400 to 4,000 and a carbon-to-oxygen ratio of not more than 3 in a proportion of 2 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts of PVA into a coagulation bath. In another embodiment of the invention, the membrane is formed from a PVA composition wherein the PAG has a molecular weight of 600 to 3,000 and a C/O ratio of not more than 3, the proportion of the PAG being 15 to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts of PVA and wherein the composition satisfies the relation: 0.65 .ltoreq. CBR (critical blending ratio) .ltoreq. 1.0. The membrane is useful in ultrafiltration, dialytic and osmotic separation applications.

    摘要翻译： 制备聚乙烯醇半透膜，其具有平均直径为0.02至2微米的微孔，其由厚度在50至5000范围内的层间隔壁所限定，其特征在于具有显着的横截面均匀性。 通过将含有分子量为400〜4000的PAG的PVA组合物和2〜200重量份/ 100重量份的PVA的碳 - 氧比率不大于3的PVA组合物挤出成凝固体来制备膜 浴。 在本发明的另一个实施方案中，膜由PVA组合物形成，其中PAG的分子量为600至3,000，C / O比不超过3，PAG的比例为15至150重量份 每100份PVA，其中组合物满足关系：0.65

    Method for production of formed food product of microfibrillar milk protein
    6.
    发明授权
    Method for production of formed food product of microfibrillar milk protein 失效
    微原纤维乳蛋白成型食品生产方法

    公开(公告)号：US4430356A

    公开(公告)日：1984-02-07

    申请号：US366731

    申请日：1982-04-08

    申请人： Shuzo Ohyabu ,  Syuji Kawai ,  Keiji Matsumura

    发明人： Shuzo Ohyabu ,  Syuji Kawai ,  Keiji Matsumura

    IPC分类号： A23C20/00 ,  A23G1/00 ,  A23G1/44 ,  A23G3/00 ,  A23G3/44 ,  A23J3/00 ,  A23J3/10

    CPC分类号： A23G1/44 ,  A23C20/00 ,  A23G3/44 ,  A23J3/00 ,  A23J3/10 ,  Y10S426/802

    摘要： A method for the production of formed food products of a microfibrillar milk protein, which comprises mixing an aqueous gel of a milk protein comprising mainly calcium caseinate with a specific amount of dehydrating agent (e.g. sodium chloride) and a specific amount of a dispersant (e.g. dextrin, sodium caseinate) and optionally fats and oils at a specified temperature and forming the mixture at the same temperature range into the desired shapes. The formed food products are obtained in various states of from comparatively soft products (e.g. imitation cheese) to comparative hard products (e.g. imitation jerky) by controlling the temperature in the mixing and forming steps and/or the amounts of the dehydrating agent and dispersant.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于生产微原纤维乳蛋白质的成形食品的方法，其包括将主要包含酪蛋白酸钙的乳蛋白质的水性凝胶与特定量的脱水剂（例如氯化钠）和特定量的分散剂（例如， 糊精，酪蛋白酸钠）和任选的在特定温度下的脂肪和油，并将相同温度范围内的混合物形成所需形状。 通过控制混合和成型步骤中的温度和/或脱水剂和分散剂的量，形成的食品通过比较软的产品（例如仿制干酪）到比较硬的产品（例如仿制干燥剂）获得。

    Method and apparatus for detecting leaks in hollow fiber membrane modules
    8.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for detecting leaks in hollow fiber membrane modules 失效
    用于检测中空纤维膜组件泄漏的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US4188117A

    公开(公告)日：1980-02-12

    申请号：US900582

    申请日：1978-04-27

    申请人： Kazuhisa Yamauchi ,  Taku Tanaka ,  Syuji Kawai

    发明人： Kazuhisa Yamauchi ,  Taku Tanaka ,  Syuji Kawai

    IPC分类号： G01N21/41 ,  B01D63/02 ,  B01D65/10 ,  G01M3/38 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N21/16

    CPC分类号： B01D65/104 ,  G01M3/38 ,  G01N21/45 ,  A61M2205/705

    摘要： Leaks from a hollow fiber membrane module comprising a housing having one or more hollow fiber bundles positioned therein with at least one end of each bundle being sealed by a cementing layer includes the step of applying a pressurized gas to the external surfaces of the hollow fibers. The gas which is used must have a refractive index different from the refractive index of the ambient atmosphere. The atmospheric volume adjacent the sealed end of the module is optically monitored for refraction patterns caused by gas leaking through the sealed end into the volume. The optical system includes a light source and components for directing light from the source along an optical path including the monitored volume. Light which is passed through the monitored volume is directed to an optical display where the refraction patterns of the leaking gas will be visible. The method and apparatus permit leaks to be located without the use of liquids.

    摘要翻译： 一种中空纤维膜组件的泄漏包括具有一个或多个中空纤维束的壳体，所述中空纤维束定位在其中，每个束的至少一端由固结层密封，包括将加压气体施加到中空纤维的外表面的步骤。 使用的气体必须具有与环境大气的折射率不同的折射率。 对模块密封端附近的大气体积进行光学监测，以便由通过密封端泄漏到体积中的气体引起的折射图案。 光学系统包括光源和用于沿着包括监视的体积的光路引导来自光源的光的部件。 通过监视的体积的光被引导到光学显示器，其中泄漏气体的折射图案将是可见的。 该方法和装置允许在不使用液体的情况下定位泄漏。

    Composite hollow fiber-type separation membranes, processes for the preparation thereof and their use
    9.
    发明授权
    Composite hollow fiber-type separation membranes, processes for the preparation thereof and their use 失效
    复合中空纤维型分离膜，其制备方法及其应用

    公开(公告)号：US4664669A

    公开(公告)日：1987-05-12

    申请号：US584321

    申请日：1984-02-28

    申请人： Shuzo Ohyabu ,  Syuji Kawai ,  Takehiko Okamoto ,  Takao Migaki

    发明人： Shuzo Ohyabu ,  Syuji Kawai ,  Takehiko Okamoto ,  Takao Migaki

    IPC分类号： D01F8/04 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D71/68 ,  B01D71/70 ,  D06M15/643 ,  D06M101/00 ,  D06M101/16 ,  D06M101/30 ,  A61F2/00

    CPC分类号： B01D69/08 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/12 ,  Y10S623/92 ,  Y10T428/249953

    摘要： A composite hollow fiber type separation membrane which has three layers comprising a selective separation layer, an ultra-microporous layer and a porous layer, said selective separation layer, said ultra-microporous layer, said porous layer being arranged in said order commencing from the inner surface of said hollow fiber membrane;wherein said selective separation layer is formed on said ultra-microporous layer without penetrating into said ultra-microporous layer and has a non-porous, dense structure, the average thickness of said layer being 0.01-2.mu., and the coefficient of variation in thickness thereof being less than or equal to 25%;wherein said ultra-microporous layer has a surface in which the presence of pores cannot be confirmed by 24,000 .times. scanning electron microscopy, but which has a fluid permeability at least 10 times that of said selective separation layer, the thickness of said layer being less than or equal to 0.08.mu.; andwherein said porous layer is a sponge structure comprising pores having a pore diameter of 0.1-1.mu. except for macro-voids and having a porosity of at least 50%, the thickness of said layer being 10-500.mu..

    摘要翻译： 一种复合中空纤维型分离膜，其具有包括选择性分离层，超微孔层和多孔层的三层，所述选择性分离层，所述超微孔层，所述多孔层以从所述内层 所述中空纤维膜的表面; 其中所述选择性分离层形成在所述超微孔层上，而不会渗入所述超微孔层并具有无孔，致密结构，所述层的平均厚度为0.01-2μm，厚度变化系数 小于或等于25％; 其特征在于，所述超微孔层具有不能通过24000×扫描电子显微镜确认孔的存在的表面，但是其流体渗透率为所述选择性分离层的至少10倍，所述层的厚度小于 或等于0.08亩; 并且其中所述多孔层是海绵结构，其包含孔径为0.1-1μm的孔，除了大孔隙，并且孔隙率为至少50％，所述层的厚度为10-500μm。

    Method of producing ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer hollow fiber membranes
    10.
    发明授权
    Method of producing ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer hollow fiber membranes 失效
    制备乙烯 - 乙烯醇共聚物中空纤维膜的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4362677A

    公开(公告)日：1982-12-07

    申请号：US270503

    申请日：1981-06-04

    申请人： Shuzo Yamashita ,  Taku Tanaka ,  Hirokuni Tanii ,  Akira Kubotsu ,  Syuji Kawai

    发明人： Shuzo Yamashita ,  Taku Tanaka ,  Hirokuni Tanii ,  Akira Kubotsu ,  Syuji Kawai

    IPC分类号： D01F6/04 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/38 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01F6/30 ,  D01F6/34 ,  B29D27/00

    CPC分类号： D01F6/30 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D71/38 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01F6/34 ,  Y10T428/2935 ,  Y10T428/2975

    摘要： A hollow fiber membrane made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is provided, which is characterized in that, when observed in a dry state with an electron microscope, the hollow fiber membrane has at least one dense, active layer (or skin layer) on the inside and/or outside surface thereof and further a three-layered structure comprising two layers respectively contacting the inside and outside surfaces and each consisting of a plurality of particles bonded together and having particle sizes of 0.01 to 2 microns and a substantially particle-free homogeneous layer lying between the two layers.A method of producing such hollow fiber membranes is also provided comprising spinning a spinning solution prepared by dissolving an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer in a solvent mainly consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone or a mixture of these through a spinneret for hollow fiber production while simultaneously introducing a coagulating liquid through the central aperture of said spinneret, passing the spun fiber through a gaseous atmosphere such that the fiber is drawn to 3 to 30 times its original length, and coagulating the fiber in a coagulation bath at a temperature within the range specified below:When 15.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.40, -15.ltoreq.T.ltoreq.1/4C+10where C is polymer concentration (weight %) and T is coagulation temperature (.degree.C.).

    摘要翻译： 提供一种由乙烯 - 乙烯醇共聚物制成的中空纤维膜，其特征在于，当用电子显微镜在干燥状态下观察时，中空纤维膜具有至少一个致密的有源层（或表层） 其内部和/或外部表面，并且还包括三层结构，其包括分别接触内表面和外表面的两层，并且各自由粘合在一起并具有0.01至2微米的颗粒尺寸和基本上无颗粒的多个颗粒组成 均匀层位于两层之间。 还提供了制造这种中空纤维膜的方法，包括将通过将乙烯 - 乙烯醇共聚物溶解在主要由二甲基亚砜，二甲基乙酰胺，吡咯烷酮，N-甲基吡咯烷酮或它们的混合物的溶剂中制备的纺丝溶液通过喷丝头纺丝 中空纤维生产，同时通过所述喷丝头的中心孔引入凝固液，使纺丝纤维通过气态气氛，使得纤维被拉伸至其原始长度的3至30倍，并将纤维在凝固浴中凝固 温度在下面规定的范围内：当15℃/ 40℃时，-15℃= 1 / 4C + 10其中C是聚合物浓度（重量％），T是凝固温度（℃） ）。