摘要:
Provided is a control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, capable of improving a response characteristic of a PID feedback control, including: an oil pressure regulating valve having a solenoid; a variable cam phase mechanism for changing a cam phase; and an ECU for controlling the oil pressure regulating valve. The ECU includes: an actual cam phase detecting unit for detecting the cam phase; a target cam phase setting unit for setting a target cam phase; an output duty calculating unit for calculating an output duty; a feedback control unit for controlling the cam phase via the output duty calculating unit with PID feedback control; a coil temperature detecting unit for detecting a temperature of a coil; a circuit resistance calculating unit for calculating a resistance of an electric circuit by correcting a resistance of the coil based upon the temperature of the coil; and an integral term initial value calculating unit for calculating a holding output duty based upon the resistance of the electric circuit. When an integral term is initialized, the feedback control unit sets the holding output duty as the integral term.
摘要:
A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes an oil pressure regulating valve having a solenoid, a variable cam phase mechanism for changing a cam phase, and an ECU for controlling the oil pressure regulating valve. The ECU includes an actual cam phase detecting unit, a target cam phase setting unit, a feedback control unit, a coil temperature detecting unit, a circuit resistance calculating unit, and an integral term initial value calculating unit. When an integral term is initialized, the feedback control unit sets the holding output duty as the integral term.
摘要:
This invention provides a cutting tool having a cutting insert holder which has a lighter weight and can be produced at a lower cost than that made of aluminum. The base of the cutting insert holder, to which at least one cutting insert is fixed, is made of an amorphous plastic including from 30% to 60% of glass fiber. The cutting insert holder has at least one female-screw member, such as a screw thread coil (e.g. a HELI-SERT® or Heli-Coil® insert), which has a screw tap for securing an adjusting member, to which a cutting insert has been fixed, to the base by screw-driving of a hexagon socket head cap bolt. The female-screw member is fixedly embedded in the inner end of an insert-holding recess formed in the base.
摘要:
A radar device separates directions of a plurality of targets, obtained from combinations of antenna beams, with a high accuracy. The radar device includes: a direction calculating unit for calculating a primary direction, which is the direction of a target, from a combination of characterizing quantities calculated by a signal detector from the reception waves of at least two beams that partially overlap, among the beams radiated in the plurality of directions; and a direction integrating unit for, when a plurality of primary directions calculated by the direction calculating unit is present, calculating an integrated direction, which is the true target direction, from an area in which distribution of the plurality of primary directions is a predetermined density or greater, based on the primary directions belonging to the area.
摘要:
A method for preparing a highly heat-resistant and burning-resistant poly(silyleneethynylene phenyleneethynylene) having a repeated unit represented by the following structural formula (1A): ##STR1## wherein the phenylene group may be in the o-, m- or p-form, R represents a halogen atom or an alkyl group, alkoxy group, phenoxy group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aromatic group, disubstituted amino group or silanyl group; n is an integer ranging from 0 to 4; and R' represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group or aromatic group, a product obtained by the method and a hardened product obtained by heat-treating, at a temperature ranging from 50.degree.to 700.degree. C., the poly(silyleneethynylene phenyleneethynylene).
摘要:
An output control apparatus for a vehicle includes a torque reduction device for reducing driving torque of an engine independent of manipulation by the driver and a vehicle speed detection device for detecting a vehicle speed. It further includes a reference driving torque setting device for setting a reference driving torque according to the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed detection device. A reference torque setting device is further included for setting a reference driving torque according to a slip amount of the driving wheels. A target driving torque setting device is further included for setting a target driving torque from the reference driving torque set by the reference torque setting device according to a peripheral speed of the driving wheels. A torque control unit is also included for controlling operation of the torque reduction device so that the driving torque is that of the target driving torque set by the target driving torque setting device. Finally, a turning correction device is included for correcting the target driving torque according to the steering angle, to adequately control the driving force of the vehicle during turning, separately from that of straightforward traveling, thereby enabling safe and smooth traveling of the vehicle.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a sodium salt of sialosyl cholesterol. The present compound has an excellent high water solubility, and therefore the compound is very useful as a medicine to be used for treating various diseases derived from lesions of peripheral or central nerves.
摘要:
The present invention relates to sialic acid derivatives. According to the present invention, there is provided sialic acid derivatives having the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein, R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, an acetyl group, a trityl group, ##STR2## (R.sup.5 represents hydrogen or an acetyl group and R.sup.6 represents hydrogen, sodium or a methyl group).R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or an acetyl group,one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represents ##STR3## (R.sup.7 represents a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group, R.sup.8 represents a hydrogen atom, an acetyl group or a benzyl group, R.sup.9 represents a hydrogen atom, an acetyl group, a benzyl group or ##STR4## wherein R.sup.10 represents a hydrogen atom or a benzoyl group), while the other represents --COOR.sup.11 wherein R.sup.11 represents hydrogen, sodium, or a methyl group.
摘要:
A cathode ray tube fixturing device for position a face panel and a funnel during a frit sealing process. The device includes a cone holder for positioning a constricted portion of the funnel, and a movable abutting block which is adapted to abut against the panel and the funnel. A pivoting arm connects the cone holder with the movable abutting block, and at least one fixed abutting block is adapted to abut against the panel and the funnel and is located in opposed relationship with respect to the movable abutting block. When the funnel and the panel are mounted in the cone holder in assembled relation, their common centerline is vertical. In this assembled relation, the panel and funnel are urged against the fixed abutting block by the movable abutting block so that the seal from the panel to the funnel can be effectively produced and the fixturing device is reduced in weight.