公开(公告)号：US5846390A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-08

申请号：US765201

申请日：1997-01-03

申请人： Toshio Eki ,  Toshiharu Otsuka ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Akemi Kuroda

发明人： Toshio Eki ,  Toshiharu Otsuka ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Akemi Kuroda

IPC分类号： C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/28 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C25B9/00

CPC分类号： C02F1/4602 ,  C02F1/46104 ,  C02F1/4618 ,  C02F1/283 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F2001/46152 ,  C02F2201/46125 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2201/46145 ,  C02F2201/4615 ,  C02F2209/005 ,  C02F2209/006 ,  C02F2209/06 ,  C02F2301/022

摘要： An electrolyzer for producing alkaline and/or acidic water by way of electrolysis of water. The electrolyzer (36) comprises a pair of planar electrodes (98; 100; 102) which are arranged opposite to each other without intervening a membrane therebetween. To remove scale such as calcium carbonate deposited during electrolysis on the electrodes (98; 100; 102), an electric potential of a reversed polarity is applied to the electrodes everyday at night and/or at the time when water is fed for the first time in the morning of the following day. During use of the electrolytic cell, the duration of electrolysis in the alkaline water supply mode and the duration of electrolysis in the acidic water supply mode, with a limit of maximum 30 seconds, are cumulated in a countervailing manner. For descaling, an electric potential of the polarity opposite to the polarity of the mode which is operated for a longer period of time is applied to the electrodes. A water electrolyzer can be realized which is capable of prolonging the service life of the electrodes for years while effectively preventing deposition of the scale.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP95 / 01312 Sec。 371日期1997年1月3日 102（e）日期1997年1月3日PCT提交1995年6月30日PCT公布。 出版物WO96 / 01230 日期1996年1月18日一种用于通过电解电解生产碱性和/或酸性水的电解槽。 电解槽（36）包括一对彼此相对布置的平面电极（98; 100; 102），而不在其间插入隔膜。 为了在电极（98; 100; 102）中除去电解沉积的碳酸钙等氧化皮，在夜间和/或在第一次供水的时候，电极上施加相反极性的电位 在第二天的早晨。 在使用电解槽期间，碱性供水模式下的电解持续时间和酸性供水模式下的电解持续时间以最大30秒的极限累积。 为了除垢，与电极长时间运转的模式的极性相反的极性的电位被施加到电极上。 可以实现能够延长电极使用寿命多年的水电解器，同时有效地防止氧化皮沉积。

公开(公告)号：US07306712B2

公开(公告)日：2007-12-11

申请号：US10144835

申请日：2002-05-15

申请人： Masaya Watanabe ,  Norihiko Nadanami ,  Tomonori Kondo ,  Ryuji Inoue ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Noboru Ishida

发明人： Masaya Watanabe ,  Norihiko Nadanami ,  Tomonori Kondo ,  Ryuji Inoue ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Noboru Ishida

IPC分类号： G01N27/407

CPC分类号： G01N33/005 ,  G01N27/4074 ,  G01N33/006

摘要： This invention provides a gas sensor including a proton-conductive polymer electrolyte layer and a method for measuring gas concentration, that are capable of measuring gas concentration at high accuracy notwithstanding the presence of water vapor.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种气体传感器，其包括质子传导性聚合物电解质层和气体浓度测量方法，尽管存在水蒸气，但能够高精度地测量气体浓度。

公开(公告)号：US07276141B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-02

申请号：US10628400

申请日：2003-07-29

申请人： Norihiko Nadanami ,  Norobu Ishida ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Ryuji Inoue ,  Tomonori Kondo

发明人： Norihiko Nadanami ,  Norobu Ishida ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Ryuji Inoue ,  Tomonori Kondo

IPC分类号： G01N27/407

CPC分类号： G01N27/4074 ,  G01N33/005

摘要： A hydrogen gas sensor capable of accurately measuring hydrogen concentration of a measurement gas atmosphere in the presence of a variety of interfering gasses such as H2O and CO. In the hydrogen gas sensor, the flow sectional area of a diffusion-rate limiting portion 6 is rendered small; the electrode surfaces of first and second electrodes 3 and 4 are rendered large; and/or a solution containing a polymer electrolyte which may be identical to that of a proton-conductive layer 2 is applied onto the surfaces of the first and second electrodes 3 and 4 to thereby form a layer containing the polymer electrolyte. Thus, the rate of conduction of protons from the first electrode 3 to the second electrode 4 becomes greater than the rate at which protons are derived from hydrogen which is introduced onto the first electrode 3 via the diffusion-rate limiting portion 6.

摘要翻译： 一种氢气传感器，能够在各种干扰气体如H 2 O和CO存在下精确测量测量气体气氛的氢浓度。在氢气传感器中，流量截面积 扩散速率限制部分6变小; 第一和第二电极3和4的电极表面变大; 和/或含有与质子传导层2相同的聚合物电解质的溶液施加到第一和第二电极3和4的表面上，从而形成含有聚合物电解质的层。 因此，从第一电极3到第二电极4的质子传导速率变得比通过扩散速率限制部分6被引入到第一电极3上的氢导出质子的速率大。

公开(公告)号：US06695964B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-24

申请号：US09588504

申请日：2000-06-07

申请人： Masashi Ando ,  Noboru Ishida ,  Satoshi Sugaya ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Norihiko Nadanami ,  Takaki Ootuka ,  Yoshikuni Sato ,  Tatsuo Okumura

发明人： Masashi Ando ,  Noboru Ishida ,  Satoshi Sugaya ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Norihiko Nadanami ,  Takaki Ootuka ,  Yoshikuni Sato ,  Tatsuo Okumura

IPC分类号： G01N27407

CPC分类号： G01N27/4074

摘要： Method and sensor for measuring accurate measurement of NOx concentration in an exhaust gas containing O2,H2O, CO2 and NOx and a NOx gas concentration sensor. A first oxygen pump cell sufficiently pumps out oxygen in a measurement gas such as not to decompose NOx. A pair of electrodes is provided on an inner side and an outer side of a second measurement chamber into which the gas is introduced from a first measurement chamber via a diffusion resistance. A voltage is impressed across the paired electrodes for decomposing NOx in the second measurement chamber to dissociate oxygen which causes the current to flow in a second oxygen ion pump cell. The NOx gas concentration is measured for this current. The voltage impressed across the paired electrodes of the second oxygen ion pump cell is set so as not to dissociate H2O and CO2 present in the second measurement chamber.

摘要翻译： 用于测量含有O 2，H 2 O，CO 2和NO x以及NOx气体浓度传感器的废气中的NOx浓度的精确测量的方法和传感器。 第一氧气泵电池在测量气体中充分抽出氧气，例如不分解NOx。 一对电极设置在第二测量室的内侧和外侧，气体通过扩散阻力从第一测量室引入到该第二测量室中。 在一对电极上施加电压，用于分解第二测量室中的NOx，以解离氧，这导致电流在第二氧离子泵电池中流动。 测量该电流的NOx气体浓度。 设置在第二氧离子泵电池的成对电极上施加的电压，以使第二测量室中不存在H 2 O和CO 2。

公开(公告)号：US06568281B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-27

申请号：US09635897

申请日：2000-08-11

申请人： Yoshikuni Sato ,  Keigo Banno ,  Hideki Ishikawa ,  Noboru Ishida ,  Takafumi Oshima

发明人： Yoshikuni Sato ,  Keigo Banno ,  Hideki Ishikawa ,  Noboru Ishida ,  Takafumi Oshima

IPC分类号： G01F166

CPC分类号： G01F1/668 ,  G01H5/00 ,  G01L11/06 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/38 ,  G01N29/4454 ,  G01N29/48 ,  G01N2291/0212 ,  G01N2291/0217 ,  G01N2291/02809 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/02872 ,  G01N2291/101 ,  G01N2291/102

摘要： An ultrasonic-wave propagation time measuring method which enables determination of accurate propagation time, a gas-pressure measuring method, a gas-flow-rate measuring method, and a gas sensor. A reception wave which has been transmitted and received by an ultrasonic element 5 is shaped and integrated by an integration circuit 67 to obtain an integral value. A peak value of the integral value is held by a peak-hold circuit 39. As to detection of gas concentration, a resistance-voltage-division circuit 41 sets a reference value on the basis of the peak value, and a point in time when the integral value of the reception wave is judged by a comparator 43 to have reached the reference value is regarded as an arrival time. Subsequently, a gas concentration is detected on the basis of a period between the emission time and the arrival time. As to detection of gas pressure and flow rate, the gas pressure is detected on the basis of the peak value, and further, the gas flow rate is calculated on the basis of the gas pressure.

摘要翻译： 能够确定准确的传播时间的超声波传播时间测量方法，气体压力测量方法，气体流量测量方法和气体传感器。 由超声波元件5发送和接收的接收波被积分电路67整形并积分以获得积分值。 积分值的峰值由峰值保持电路39保持。关于气体浓度的检测，电阻分压电路41基于峰值设定基准值， 接收波的积分值由比较器43判定为已经达到基准值被认为是到达时间。 随后，基于发射时间和到达时间之间的周期来检测气体浓度。 关于气体压力和流量的检测，基于峰值检测气体压力，此外，基于气体压力计算气体流量。

公开(公告)号：US06418782B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-16

申请号：US09480663

申请日：2000-01-11

申请人： Yoshikuni Sato ,  Noboru Ishida ,  Hideki Ishikawa ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Yasushi Sato

发明人： Yoshikuni Sato ,  Noboru Ishida ,  Hideki Ishikawa ,  Takafumi Oshima ,  Yasushi Sato

IPC分类号： G01N2902

CPC分类号： G01N29/36 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N2291/011 ,  G01N2291/0215 ,  G01N2291/0258 ,  G01N2291/02809 ,  G01N2291/045

摘要： When a sensor has deteriorated, the propagation time T1′ of a first reflection wave becomes greater than the propagation time T1 of a first reflection wave as measured in a new sensor. If measurement of the concentration of a specific gas is based on the propagation time T1 of the first reflection wave as measured in the new sensor, gas concentration cannot be determined accurately. By contrast, a reflection wave other than the first reflection wave (for example, a second reflection wave) is merely reflected off the surface of the ultrasonic element and is not affected by the internal structure of the ultrasonic element. Therefore, even when the sensor is deteriorated, the propagation time T2, T2′ of the second reflection wave exhibits less variation and is less susceptible to deterioration of the sensor. Therefore, the concentration of a specific gas is determined on the basis of the propagation time of the second reflection wave, which is less susceptible to deterioration of the sensor, instead of the propagation time of the first reflection wave, which is more susceptible to deterioration of the sensor. Thus, gas concentration can be measured accurately.

摘要翻译： 当传感器恶化时，第一反射波的传播时间T1'变得大于在新传感器中测量的第一反射波的传播时间T1。 如果特定气体的浓度的测定是基于在新传感器中测定的第一反射波的传播时间T1，则不能准确地确定气体浓度。 相反，除了第一反射波（例如，第二反射波）之外的反射波仅仅从超声波元件的表面反射，并且不受超声波元件的内部结构的影响。 因此，即使在传感器劣化的情况下，第二反射波的传播时间T2'T2'变化较小，也不易受传感器劣化的影响。 因此，特定气体的浓度基于不易受传感器劣化的第二反射波的传播时间而不是更容易劣化的第一反射波的传播时间而确定 的传感器。 因此，可以准确测量气体浓度。

公开(公告)号：US06325906B1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-04

申请号：US09453540

申请日：1999-12-03

申请人： Shoji Kitanoya ,  Tomohiro Fuma ,  Kenji Kato ,  Ryuji Inoue ,  Takafumi Oshima

发明人： Shoji Kitanoya ,  Tomohiro Fuma ,  Kenji Kato ,  Ryuji Inoue ,  Takafumi Oshima

IPC分类号： G01N27407

摘要： A gas sensor includes a first processing chamber 3 into which a gas under measurement is introduced through a first gas passage 2; a second processing chamber 5 into which the gas is introduced from the first processing chamber 3 through a second gas passage 4 and in which combustible gas components burn; a third gas passage 15 for introducing O2 into the second processing chamber 5 under diffusion resistance; oxygen pump element 12 adapted to pump out O2 from or pump into the first processing chamber 3 on the basis of an output from an oxygen-concentration sensor 13, which senses the oxygen concentration of the gas introduced into the second processing chamber 5, to thereby control the oxygen concentration of the gas; and a second oxygen pump including a second inner electrode 10 and a second outer electrode 11 formed on an oxygen-ion conductor 1 in such a manner as to face the interior and exterior, respectively, of the second processing chamber 5, and adapted to pump out O2 which remains unconsumed in burning mentioned above in the second processing chamber 5, through application of a constant voltage between the second inner electrode 10 and the second outer electrode 11. The residual oxygen concentration of the second processing chamber 5 is determined on the basis of a second oxygen pump current flowing between the second inner and outer electrodes 10 and 11, whereby the concentration of combustible gas components contained in the gas under measurement is determined.

摘要翻译： 气体传感器包括：第一处理室3，通过第一气体通道2引入测量气体; 第二处理室5，通过第二气体通道4从第一处理室3引入气体，其中可燃气体组分燃烧; 用于以扩散阻力将O 2引入第二处理室5的第三气体通道15; 氧气泵元件12适于根据来自氧浓度传感器13的输出来泵出O2或泵入第一处理室3，氧浓度传感器13检测引入第二处理室5的气体的氧气浓度，从而 控制气体的氧气浓度; 以及第二氧气泵，其包括分别形成在氧离子导体1上的第二内部电极10和第二外部电极11，以分别面对第二处理室5的内部和外部，并且适于泵送 在第二处理室5中通过在第二内部电极10和第二外部电极11之间施加恒定电压而在上述燃烧中保持未燃烧的O 2。第二处理室5的残余氧浓度基于 在第二内电极10和第二电极11之间流动的第二氧泵电流，由此确定测量气体中所含的可燃气体组分的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US06224727B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

申请号：US09050079

申请日：1998-03-30

申请人： Shigeru Miyata ,  Masashi Ando ,  Hiroshi Inagaki ,  Noboru Ishida ,  Takafumi Oshima

发明人： Shigeru Miyata ,  Masashi Ando ,  Hiroshi Inagaki ,  Noboru Ishida ,  Takafumi Oshima

IPC分类号： G01N2726

CPC分类号： G01N27/417 ,  G01N27/4074

摘要： An NOx sensor capable of accurately determining the concentration of NOx contained in a gas to be analyzed (measurement gas) using a simple circuit. The NOx sensor includes a first measurement space and a second measurement space. The first measurement space communicates with the measurement gas via a first diffusion controlling layer, and the second measurement space communicates with the first measurement space via a second diffusion controlling layer. A first pumping current IP1 is controlled such that an output from a Vs cell is used as a reference voltage VC0 to control the amount of oxygen flowing into the second measurement space at a constant level. A constant voltage is applied to the second pumping cell so as to decompose the NOx component of the measurement gas contained in the second measurement space, and to pump out the resulting oxygen from the second measurement space. Accordingly, the concentration of NOx contained in the measurement gas can be obtained from second pumping current IP2. The electrode of the Vs cell located on the side of the first measurement space is formed around the periphery of or on a portion of the diffusion controlling layer of the Vs cell. As a result, the amount of oxygen flowing from the first measurement space into the second measurement space can be accurately determined by means of the Vs cell. Also, the NOx concentration can be accurately determined without the need for compensation.

摘要翻译： 一种能够使用简单电路精确地测定待分析气体（测定气体）中所含的NOx的浓度的NOx传感器。 NOx传感器包括第一测量空间和第二测量空间。 第一测量空间经由第一扩散控制层与测量气体连通，第二测量空间经由第二扩散控制层与第一测量空间连通。 控制第一泵浦电流IP1，使得来自Vs电池的输出用作参考电压VC0，以控制以恒定水平流入第二测量空间的氧气量。 将恒定电压施加到第二泵浦单元，以分解包含在第二测量空间中的测量气体的NOx分量，并从第二测量空间泵出所得氧。 因此，可以从第二泵浦电流IP2获得包含在测量气体中的NOx的浓度。 位于第一测量空间一侧的Vs单元的电极形成在Vs单元的扩散控制层的一部分周围。 结果，可以通过Vs单元精确地确定从第一测量空间流入第二测量空间的氧气量。 此外，可以精确地确定NOx浓度，而不需要补偿。

公开(公告)号：US5210457A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-11

申请号：US714270

申请日：1991-06-12

申请人： Takafumi Oshima ,  Minoru Ando

发明人： Takafumi Oshima ,  Minoru Ando

IPC分类号： H01T13/32 ,  H01T21/02

CPC分类号： H01T21/02 ,  H01T13/32

摘要： In an outer electrode, a rear end of which is securely connected to a metallic shell of a spark plug by means of welding to form a spark gap between a front end of the outer electrode and a firing tip of a center electrode which is concentrically placed within the metallic shell through an insulator, a middle core which is provided which is made of copper, and the middle core is clad by a heat and spark-erosion resistant metal. A centermost core is clad by the middle core. The centermost core is made of a similar metal to the metallic shell, and rear end of the centermost core is welded to the metallic shell so as to reinforce a welding portion between the metallic shell and the outer electrode.

公开(公告)号：US5204579A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-20

申请号：US399704

申请日：1989-08-25

申请人： Takafumi Oshima ,  Shigeyasu Yamada ,  Kazuhiko Kozuka

发明人： Takafumi Oshima ,  Shigeyasu Yamada ,  Kazuhiko Kozuka

IPC分类号： C04B35/111 ,  C04B35/581 ,  C04B35/584 ,  H01T13/38 ,  H01T21/02

CPC分类号： H01T21/02 ,  C04B35/111 ,  C04B35/581 ,  C04B35/584 ,  H01T13/38 ,  F02B2275/18

摘要： A ceramic insulator structure for use in a spark plug is manufactured by mixing granular or powdery particles of AlN, Si3N.sub.4 or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 with an organic binder and an auxiliary sintering agent, the average spherical diameter of the particles making up the resulting ceramic mixture being in the range 20-100 microns. The ceramic mixture is then pressed in a mold into a desired shape and sintered at a temperature of 1600.degree.-2000.degree. C.