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    Materials system for intermediate-temperature SOFC based on doped lanthanum-gallate electrolyte
    1.
    发明申请
    Materials system for intermediate-temperature SOFC based on doped lanthanum-gallate electrolyte 审中-公开
    基于掺杂镧镓酸盐电解质的中温SOFC材料体系

    公开(公告)号：US20070009784A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-01-11

    申请号：US11476420

    申请日：2006-06-28

    申请人： Uday Pal ,  Srikanth Gopalan ,  Wenquan Gong

    发明人： Uday Pal ,  Srikanth Gopalan ,  Wenquan Gong

    IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/12

    CPC分类号： H01M8/1213 ,  H01M4/8621 ,  H01M4/9033 ,  H01M4/905 ,  H01M4/9066

    摘要： The invention provides for a stable materials system for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Without limitation, a solid electrolyte layer can include a Sr-and-Mg doped lanthanum gallate layer, such as La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3, (LSGM), or a bi-layer semiconductor electrolyte (comprising, for example, donor doped SrTiO3 in an n-type first semiconductor layer and LSCF or LSM in a p-type second semiconductor layer); cathode materials can include La1-xSrxMnO3 (LSM), La1-xSrxCoyFe1-yO3 (LSCF), a two-phase particulate composite consisting of LSM and LSGM (LSM-LSGM), and LSCF-LSGM composite; anode materials can include Ni—Ce0.85Gd0.15O2 (Ni-GDC) and Ni—Ce0.6La0.4O2 (Ni-LDC) composites; and a barrier layer of GDC or LDC can be used between the electrolyte and Ni-composite anode to prevent adverse reaction of the Ni in the anode layer with lanthanum in the electrolyte layer.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于中温固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的稳定材料体系。 不限于此，固体电解质层可以包括Sr和Mg掺杂的没食子酸镓镧层，例如La 0.9>> Ga Ga Ga> 0.8 0.8>>>> Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg Mg （LSGM）或双层半导体电解质（包括例如n型第一半导体层中的施主掺杂SrTiO 3和LSCF或LSM 在p型第二半导体层中）; 阴极材料可以包括La 1-x Sr 3 MnO 3（LSM），La 1-x Sr 由LSM和LSM组成的两相颗粒复合材料（LSCF），其中， LSGM（LSM-LSGM）和LSCF-LSGM复合; 阳极材料可以包括Ni-Ce 0.85 Ni（Ni-GDC）和Ni-Ce 0.6 N LaNiO 2（Ni-LDC）复合材料; 并且可以在电解质和Ni复合阳极之间使用GDC或LDC的阻挡层，以防止阳极层中的Ni与电解质层中的镧的不利反应。

    Process for solid oxide fuel cell manufacture
    2.
    发明申请
    Process for solid oxide fuel cell manufacture 有权
    固体氧化物燃料电池制造工艺

    公开(公告)号：US20050089739A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-04-28

    申请号：US10939116

    申请日：2004-09-10

    申请人： Donald Seccombe ,  Gary Orbeck ,  Srikanth Gopalan ,  Uday Pal

    发明人： Donald Seccombe ,  Gary Orbeck ,  Srikanth Gopalan ,  Uday Pal

    IPC分类号： C04B35/64 ,  H01M20060101 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M8/12

    CPC分类号： H01M4/9033 ,  H01M4/8621 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8885 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  H01M4/9066 ,  H01M8/1213 ,  H01M8/1246 ,  H01M2300/0074 ,  H01M2300/0077 ,  H01M2300/0094 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P70/56

    摘要： The present invention provides a method for conveniently manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) at a cost that is less than five-hundred dollars per kilowatt of electricity. The method comprises forming an electrode layer and depositing an electrolyte material on the surface of the electrode. The formed structure is an electrode-electrolyte bi-layer. A second electrode is deposited onto this bi-layer to form a multilayer fuel cell structure comprising an electrolyte positioned between two electrodes. This multilayer structure is then heated and fired in a single thermal cycle to remove any binder materials and sinter, respectively, the fuel cell. This thermal cycle can be performed in a furnace having one or more chambers. The chamber(s) preferably contains a variable or multiple frequency microwave source for heating the cell and removing binder materials in the electrolyte and electrode structures. The chamber(s) also preferably include a convection and/or radiation source for sintering the fuel cell. In addition, the method of the invention harmonizes and minimizes the deviation among the thermophysical properties of the electrolyte and electrode structures. This harmonization reduces and minimizes the temperature gradient within the cell such that the structure can be uniformly heated and fired during the thermal cycle. The multilayer structure is also unlikely to distort and fracture by minimizing the temperature gradient in the cell. An SOFC can also be manufactured by the present method in an order of magnitude less time than standard processes.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种方便地制造固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的方法，其成本低于每千瓦电力500美元。 该方法包括形成电极层并在电极的表面上沉积电解质材料。 所形成的结构是电极 - 电解质双层。 第二电极沉积到该双层上以形成包含位于两个电极之间的电解质的多层燃料电池结构。 然后将该多层结构在单个热循环中加热和烧制以除去任何粘合剂材料并分别烧结燃料电池。 该热循环可以在具有一个或多个室的炉中进行。 腔室优选地包含用于加热电池并去除电解质和电极结构中的粘合剂材料的可变或多频微波源。 该室还优选地包括用于烧结燃料电池的对流和/或辐射源。 此外，本发明的方法协调和最小化电解质和电极结构的热物理性质之间的偏差。 这种协调减小并最小化了电池内的温度梯度，使得结构可以在热循环期间被均匀地加热和烧制。 多层结构也不太可能通过使电池中的温度梯度最小化来扭曲和断裂。 SOFC也可以通过本方法制造的时间比标准工艺要低一个数量级。

    Hydrogen separation using oxygen ion-electron mixed conduction membranes
    3.
    发明授权
    Hydrogen separation using oxygen ion-electron mixed conduction membranes 有权
    使用氧离子电子混合导电膜进行氢分离

    公开(公告)号：US07393384B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-01

    申请号：US10511644

    申请日：2003-04-15

    申请人： Srikanth Gopalan ,  Uday Pal

    发明人： Srikanth Gopalan ,  Uday Pal

    IPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D71/02

    CPC分类号： B01D71/024 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D2257/108 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  C01B3/503 ,  C01B3/505 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C01B2203/0495

    摘要： A process for purification of hydrogen from a stream of synthesis gas or other reformate gases is described. The process, generally conducted at temperatures of approximately 800-1000° C., involves the use of a cell in which a mixture of reformate gas and steam are flowed on one side of a dense solid state ceramic membrane, while steam is passed on the other side. High purity hydrogen is generated on the steam side. The membrane is similar to one that has in the past been used for oxygen purification and can be single or two phase, for example La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3+Pd.

    摘要翻译： 描述了从合成气或其它重整气体流中净化氢的方法。 通常在约800-1000℃的温度下进行的方法涉及使用其中将重整气体和蒸汽的混合物在致密固态陶瓷膜的一侧上流动的电池，同时蒸汽在 另一边。 在蒸汽侧产生高纯度氢。 膜类似于过去用于氧气净化的膜，并且可以是单相或两相，例如La 0.9 Ga 0.1 Ga 0.8， /SUB>Mg0.2O3+Pd。

    Process for solid oxide fuel cell manufacture
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for solid oxide fuel cell manufacture 有权
    固体氧化物燃料电池制造工艺

    公开(公告)号：US07485385B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-02-03

    申请号：US10939116

    申请日：2004-09-10

    申请人： Donald A. Seccombe, Jr. ,  Gary Orbeck ,  Srikanth Gopalan ,  Uday Pal

    发明人： Donald A. Seccombe, Jr. ,  Gary Orbeck ,  Srikanth Gopalan ,  Uday Pal

    IPC分类号： H01M8/10

    CPC分类号： H01M4/9033 ,  H01M4/8621 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/8885 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  H01M4/9066 ,  H01M8/1213 ,  H01M8/1246 ,  H01M2300/0074 ,  H01M2300/0077 ,  H01M2300/0094 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P70/56

    摘要： The present invention provides a method for conveniently manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) at a cost that is less than five-hundred dollars per kilowatt of electricity. The method comprises forming an electrode layer and depositing an electrolyte material on the surface of the electrode. The formed structure is an electrode-electrolyte bi-layer. A second electrode is deposited onto this bi-layer to form a multilayer fuel cell structure comprising an electrolyte positioned between two electrodes. This multilayer structure is then heated and fired in a single thermal cycle to remove any binder materials and sinter, respectively, the fuel cell. This thermal cycle can be performed in a furnace having one or more chambers. The chamber(s) preferably contains a variable or multiple frequency microwave source for heating the cell and removing binder materials in the electrolyte and electrode structures. The chamber(s) also preferably include a convection and/or radiation source for sintering the fuel cell. In addition, the method of the invention harmonizes and minimizes the deviation among the thermophysical properties of the electrolyte and electrode structures. This harmonization reduces and minimizes the temperature gradient within the cell such that the structure can be uniformly heated and fired during the thermal cycle. The multilayer structure is also unlikely to distort and fracture by minimizing the temperature gradient in the cell. An SOFC can also be manufactured by the present method in an order of magnitude less time than standard processes.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种方便地制造固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的方法，其成本低于每千瓦电力500美元。 该方法包括形成电极层并在电极的表面上沉积电解质材料。 所形成的结构是电极 - 电解质双层。 第二电极沉积到该双层上以形成包含位于两个电极之间的电解质的多层燃料电池结构。 然后将该多层结构在单个热循环中加热和烧制以除去任何粘合剂材料并分别烧结燃料电池。 该热循环可以在具有一个或多个室的炉中进行。 腔室优选地包含用于加热电池并去除电解质和电极结构中的粘合剂材料的可变或多频微波源。 该室还优选地包括用于烧结燃料电池的对流和/或辐射源。 此外，本发明的方法协调和最小化电解质和电极结构的热物理性质之间的偏差。 这种协调减小并最小化了电池内的温度梯度，使得结构可以在热循环期间被均匀地加热和烧制。 多层结构也不太可能通过使电池中的温度梯度最小化来扭曲和断裂。 SOFC也可以通过本方法制造的时间比标准工艺要低一个数量级。

    Electrochemical fuel depletion means for fuel cell generators
    8.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical fuel depletion means for fuel cell generators 失效
    用于燃料电池发电机的电化学燃料消耗装置

    公开(公告)号：US06572996B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-06-03

    申请号：US09636247

    申请日：2000-08-10

    申请人： Arnold O. Isenberg ,  Stephen E. Veyo ,  Srikanth Gopalan

    发明人： Arnold O. Isenberg ,  Stephen E. Veyo ,  Srikanth Gopalan

    IPC分类号： H01M812

    CPC分类号： H01M8/243 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/0625 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/2425 ,  H01M8/247 ,  H01M8/2484

    摘要： A fuel cell generator contains a plurality of fuel cells (6) in a generator chamber (1) and also contains a fuel reactor chamber (2) containing either fuel cells or electrolysis cells as the depleted fuel reactor means, which means preferably has copper fuel electrodes, where oxidant (24,25) and fuel (81) are fed to the generator chamber (1), where both fuel and oxidant react, and where all oxidant and fuel passages are separate and do not communicate with each other, so that fuel and oxidant in whatever form do not mix and where a depleted fuel exit (23) is provided for exiting a product gas which consists essentially of carbon dioxide and water for further treatment so that carbon dioxide can be separated and is not vented to the atmosphere.

    摘要翻译： 燃料电池发生器在发电机室（1）中包含多个燃料电池（6），并且还包含含有燃料电池或电解电池作为耗尽燃料反应器装置的燃料反应器室（2），其优选地具有铜燃料 电极，其中氧化剂（24,25）和燃料（81）被供给到发电机室（1），其中燃料和氧化剂都反应，并且其中所有氧化剂和燃料通道是分离的并且不彼此连通，使得 燃料和氧化剂以任何形式不混合，并且耗尽的燃料出口（23）被提供用于离开基本上由二氧化碳和水组成的产物气体用于进一步处理，使得二氧化碳可以分离并且不排放到大气中 。

    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ENERGY STORAGE AND RECOVERY
    9.
    发明申请
    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ENERGY STORAGE AND RECOVERY 有权
    能量储存和恢复系统与方法

    公开(公告)号：US20130183597A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-07-18

    申请号：US13700095

    申请日：2011-05-24

    申请人： Uday B. Pal ,  Srikanth Gopalan

    发明人： Uday B. Pal ,  Srikanth Gopalan

    IPC分类号： H01M8/12 ,  H01M8/06

    CPC分类号： H01M8/12 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B11/0457 ,  C25B15/08 ,  H01M8/0656 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/186 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02E60/528

    摘要： System and method for energy storage and recovery is described. More particularly, system and method using tungsten based materials to electrochemically store and recover energy is described. In certain embodiments, the system includes a reversible solid oxide electrochemical cell (RSOEC) having a porous cathode, a porous anode, and an electrolyte capable of transporting oxygen ion. The system further includes a reactor comprising tungsten, tungsten oxide, or combinations thereof. To store the energy, the RSOEC is capable of receiving electricity to electrolyze H2O to generate H2 and O2 and the reactor is operably connected to the RSOEC to receive the generated H2 and convert tungsten oxide to tungsten thereby storing electrical energy. To recover the energy, reactor is capable of receiving H2O to convert tungsten to tungsten oxide and generate H2 and the RSOEC is operably connected to the reactor to receive the generated H2 and generate electrical energy.

    摘要翻译： 描述了用于储能和回收的系统和方法。 更具体地，描述了使用钨基材料电化学存储和回收能量的系统和方法。 在某些实施方案中，该系统包括具有多孔阴极，多孔阳极和能够输送氧离子的电解质的可逆固体氧化物电化学电池（RSOEC）。 该系统还包括包含钨，氧化钨或其组合的反应器。 为了存储能量，RSOEC能够接收电以电解H 2 O以产生H 2和O 2，并且反应器可操作地连接到RSOEC以接收所产生的H 2并将氧化钨转换成钨从而存储电能。 为了回收能量，反应器能够接收H 2 O以将钨转化为氧化钨并产生H 2并且RSOEC可操作地连接到反应器以接收生成的H 2并产生电能。

    Hydrogen separation using oxygen ion-electron mixed conduction membranes
    10.
    发明申请
    Hydrogen separation using oxygen ion-electron mixed conduction membranes 有权
    使用氧离子电子混合导电膜进行氢分离

    公开(公告)号：US20050252372A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-11-17

    申请号：US10511644

    申请日：2003-04-15

    申请人： Srikanth Gopalan

    发明人： Srikanth Gopalan

    IPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D71/02 ,  C01B3/50

    CPC分类号： B01D71/024 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D2257/108 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  C01B3/503 ,  C01B3/505 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C01B2203/0495

    摘要： A process for purification of hydrogen from a stream of synthesis gas or other reformate gases is described. The process, generally conducted at temperatures of approximately 800-1000° C., involves the use of a cell in which a mixture of reformate gas and steam are flowed on one side of a dense solid state ceramic membrane, while steam is passed on the other side. High purity hydrogen is generated on the steam side. The membrane is similar to one that has in the past been used for oxygen purification and can be single or two phase, for example La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3+Pd.

    摘要翻译： 描述了从合成气或其它重整气体流中净化氢的方法。 通常在约800-1000℃的温度下进行的方法涉及使用其中将重整气体和蒸汽的混合物在致密固态陶瓷膜的一侧上流动的电池，同时蒸汽在 另一边。 在蒸汽侧产生高纯度氢。 膜类似于过去用于氧气净化的膜，并且可以是单相或两相，例如La 0.9 Ga 0.1 Ga 0.8， /SUB>Mg0.2O3+Pd。