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1.发明授权Light-weight mirror blank for astronomical purposes and method of making a supporting framework for such blanks 失效用于天文目的的轻量级镜面空白以及为这种坯料制作支撑框架的方法
公开(公告)号：US4447130A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-08
申请号：US366254
申请日：1982-04-07
申请人： Uwe Christiansen , Karlheinz Rau , Anton Steinkohl , Bruno Streb
发明人： Uwe Christiansen , Karlheinz Rau , Anton Steinkohl , Bruno Streb
IPC分类号： G02B7/182 , C03B23/207 , G02B5/08 , B32B3/12
CPC分类号： C03B23/207 , G02B5/08 , Y10T428/24149
摘要： A light-weight mirror for astronomical purposes is disclosed. The mirror consists of a mirror plate, a back plate and a supporting framework disposed between them and consisting of a plurality of rows of tubes. The rows of tubes are staggered one from the other. Each tube in a row has a line or strip of contact with two adjacently disposed tubes of the next row. The tubes are welded together along the contact line or strip. The thickness of the tube wall is reduced in the area of the contact line or strip.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于天文目的的轻量级镜。 镜子由镜板，背板和设置在它们之间的支撑框架组成，由多排管构成。 管排彼此交错。 一排中的每根管子具有与下一排的两个相邻设置的管接触的线或条。 管沿着接触线或条焊接在一起。 在接触线或带的面积上管壁的厚度减小。
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2.发明授权Method for the continuous building of a hollow cylindrical soot body having no internal support 失效用于连续建造没有内部支撑的中空圆柱形烟灰体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4676814A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-30
申请号：US866052
申请日：1986-05-21
申请人： Dieter Ross , Hans-Ulrich Bonewitz , Uwe Christiansen , Karl-Friedrich Klein , Albert Muhlich , Karlheinz Rau , Wolfgang Ruffing , Fritz Simmat , Anton Steinkohl , Ralf Takke
发明人： Dieter Ross , Hans-Ulrich Bonewitz , Uwe Christiansen , Karl-Friedrich Klein , Albert Muhlich , Karlheinz Rau , Wolfgang Ruffing , Fritz Simmat , Anton Steinkohl , Ralf Takke
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , C03B8/04 , C03B19/14 , C03B20/00 , C03B37/01 , C03B37/014 , C03B37/018 , C23C16/40 , C23C16/453 , C03C25/02 , C03B37/027
CPC分类号： C03B37/0142 , C03B19/1423 , C03B19/1476 , C03B19/1492 , C03B37/0148 , C03B37/01493 , C23C16/402 , C23C16/453 , C03B2201/12 , C03B2201/28 , C03B2201/31 , C03B2201/32 , C03B2201/42 , C03B2203/22 , C03B2203/26 , C03B2207/46 , C03B2207/50 , C03B2207/54 , C03B2207/62 , C03B2207/64 , C03B2207/66
摘要： Disclosed is a method for the axial building up, in a vertical arrangement, of a hollow cylindrical soot body having no internal support and consisting substantially of silicon dioxide by means of at least one flame hydrolysis build-up burner serving for the soot production. In this method the soot is deposited at the beginning of the build-up onto an auxiliary body, and during the build-up the build-up burner and the growing soot body are rotated relative to one another, and the burner is at the same time held at an unvarying distance from the growing end of the hollow cylinder and centrally above the predetermined cross section of the upwardly growing end of the cylinder wall. The penetration of soot into the interior of the cylinder is prevented by means of a directed gas stream.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种垂直方式轴向构建一个中空圆柱形烟灰体的方法，该中空圆柱形烟灰体不具有内部支撑，并且通过用于烟灰生产的至少一个火焰水解积聚燃烧器基本上由二氧化硅组成。 在这种方法中，烟灰在积聚开始时沉积到辅助体上，并且在堆积过程中，堆积燃烧器和生长的烟灰体相对于彼此旋转，并且燃烧器处于相同状态 时间保持在与中空圆筒的生长端不同的距离处，并且在气缸壁的向上生长的端部的预定横截面的中心上方。 通过有向气流阻止烟灰渗入气缸的内部。
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公开(公告)号：US5738702A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US820205
申请日：1997-03-18
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , C03B8/04 , C03B19/14 , C03B20/00 , C03B37/012 , C03B37/014 , C03B37/018 , H01L21/02 , C03B00/00 , C03B19/06 , F27B1/26 , F27B1/28
CPC分类号： C03B37/01486 , C03B19/1453 , C03B19/1484 , C03B37/01446
摘要： A hollow cylinder is held in a vertical orientation and sent continuously through a heating zone for sintering. In a first phase of the sintering operation, the hollow cylinder stands on a support while the upper end (12) of the cylinder is being sintered. In a second phase the cylinder hangs from a hanging element while its lower end (10) is sintered. A vertical rod is fixed to the base on which the lower end is supported, and extends through the hollow cylinder. A retaining ring is fixed inside the upper end of the hollow cylinder. During the first phase, the upper end vitrifies and contracts so that the retaining ring engages the vertical rod. Longitudinal contraction causes the lower end to lift off the base so that the cylinder is suspended during the second phase.
摘要翻译： 中空圆柱体保持垂直取向，并连续地通过加热区进行烧结。 在烧结操作的第一阶段，中空圆柱体在圆筒的上端（12）被烧结的同时位于支撑件上。 在第二阶段，气缸从悬挂元件悬挂，同时其下端（10）被烧结。 垂直杆固定到底端支撑在底座上，并延伸穿过中空圆筒。 固定环固定在中空圆筒的上端内。 在第一阶段，上端玻璃化并收缩，使得保持环与垂直杆接合。 纵向收缩导致下端抬起底座，使得气缸在第二阶段被悬挂。
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公开(公告)号：US5667547A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-16
申请号：US410612
申请日：1995-03-24
申请人： Uwe Christiansen , Anton Steinkohl
发明人： Uwe Christiansen , Anton Steinkohl
CPC分类号： C03B19/1407 , C03B19/1423 , C03B19/1453 , C03B19/1484 , C03B2207/50 , C03B2207/52 , C03B2207/66
摘要： A layer of quartz glass soot is deposited continuously on a substrate consisting of quartz glass grains with a lower degree of sintering activity than the quartz glass soot and the soot is sintered by passing it continuously through a heating zone to form a quartz glass strip which is severed to form plates. Apparatus for implementing the process includes a conveyor suitable for the transport of quartz glass grains; a loading device for the deposition of the quartz glass grains onto the conveyor; nozzles for depositing a layer of synthetic quartz glass soot on the quartz glass grains; and a heating unit to heat the layer.
摘要翻译： 将一层石英玻璃烟灰连续沉积在具有比石英玻璃烟灰低的烧结活性的石英玻璃颗粒组成的基材上，并且烟灰通过将其连续通过加热区而烧结以形成石英玻璃带，其是 切断成板。 用于实施该方法的装置包括适于运输石英玻璃颗粒的输送机; 用于将石英玻璃颗粒沉积到输送机上的装载装置; 用于在石英玻璃颗粒上沉积合成石英玻璃烟灰层的喷嘴; 以及加热单元以加热该层。
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公开(公告)号：US5665132A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-09
申请号：US526944
申请日：1995-09-12
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , C03B8/04 , C03B19/14 , C03B20/00 , C03B37/012 , C03B37/014 , C03B37/018 , H01L21/02 , C03B8/00
CPC分类号： C03B37/01486 , C03B19/1453 , C03B19/1484 , C03B37/01446
摘要： A hollow cylinder is held in a vertical orientation and sent continuously through a heating zone for sintering. In a first phase of the sintering operation, the hollow cylinder stands on a support while the upper end (12) of the cylinder is being sintered. In a second phase the cylinder hangs from a hanging element while its lower end (10) is sintered. A vertical rod is fixed to the base on which the lower end is supported, and extends through the hollow cylinder. A retaining ring is fixed inside the upper end of the hollow cylinder. During the first phase, the upper end vitrifies and contracts so that the retaining ring engages the vertical rod. Longitudinal contraction causes the lower end to lift off the base so that the cylinder is suspended during the second phase.
摘要翻译： 中空圆柱体保持垂直取向，并连续地通过加热区进行烧结。 在烧结操作的第一阶段，中空圆柱体在圆筒的上端（12）被烧结的同时位于支撑件上。 在第二阶段，气缸从悬挂元件悬挂，同时其下端（10）被烧结。 垂直杆固定到底端支撑在底座上，并延伸穿过中空圆筒。 固定环固定在中空圆筒的上端内。 在第一阶段，上端玻璃化并收缩，使得保持环与垂直杆接合。 纵向收缩导致下端抬起底座，使得气缸在第二阶段被悬挂。
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公开(公告)号：US4466700A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-21
申请号：US259733
申请日：1981-05-01
申请人： Uwe Christiansen , Karlheinz Rau , Fritz Simmat
发明人： Uwe Christiansen , Karlheinz Rau , Fritz Simmat
摘要： The lightweight mirror has a special core construction. The core consists of flat and/or tubular pieces which are joined together by means of a sintering composition. The sintering composition has open pores. In the production of the core, the sintering composition is poured into interstices between pairs of adjacent flat and/or tubular pieces and heated to the sintering temperature in a nonoxidizing atmosphere together with the flat and/or tubular pieces. A layer of sintering composition can be provided on the faces of the front and/or back plate of the lightweight mirror which confront the core. Stiffening rods can be embedded in the sintering composition.
摘要翻译： 轻型镜具有特殊的核心结构。 芯由扁平和/或管状件组成，它们通过烧结组合物连接在一起。 烧结组合物具有开孔。 在芯的制造中，将烧结组合物倒入成对的相邻的扁平和/或管状片之间的间隙中，并与非扁平和/或管状片一起在非氧化气氛中加热至烧结温度。 可以在与核心相对的轻质反射镜的前板和/或背板的表面上提供一层烧结组合物。 硬化棒可嵌入烧结组合物中。
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公开(公告)号：US5643069A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-01
申请号：US531413
申请日：1995-09-21
摘要： A drill head carries a plurality of coaxially mounted drill crowns beginning with a first crown and followed by additional drill crowns which, upon rotation, describe concentric envelope circles of successively larger diameters. The first drill crown has cutting elements with a diamond coating with an average particle size of 200-1,000 .mu.m, and the additional drill crowns have cutting elements with a diamond coating with an average particle size of 200-300 .mu.m. The difference in diameter of succeeding drill crowns is successively small. Alignment of the drill crowns in a pilot hole is achieved by guide elements mounted behind the drill crowns and describing an inner envelope circle which is smaller than the outer envelope circle described by the largest drill crown, thereby defining a radial safety gap into which fluid is fed to form a cushion during rotation.
摘要翻译： 钻头承载多个同轴安装的钻头，其开始于第一冠部，随后是额外的钻头，其在旋转时描述连续较大直径的同心圆圈。 第一钻头具有具有平均粒度为200-1,000μm的金刚石涂层的切割元件，并且附加钻头冠具有具有平均粒度为200-300μm的金刚石涂层的切割元件。 后续钻头冠的直径差异依次较小。 钻头在导向孔中的对准是通过安装在钻头顶部后面的引导元件来实现的，并且描述了一个比由最大钻头顶部所描述的外包络圆小的内包络圆，从而限定了径向安全缝隙，流体是 进给以在旋转期间形成衬垫。
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公开(公告)号：US06923025B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-02
申请号：US10019102
申请日：2001-04-11
申请人： Uwe Christiansen
发明人： Uwe Christiansen
IPC分类号： C03B8/04 , C03B19/14 , C03B37/014 , F27B9/14 , F27B21/00 , C03B37/018
CPC分类号： F27B21/00 , C03B19/1453 , C03B37/0146 , C03B37/01486 , F27B9/147
摘要： The invention concerns a device (1) for sintering of a porous mold body (2) in a gas-tight chamber (3), with the mold body (2) hanging loose from a link chain (7) so that it can be fed continuously to a heating zone (5). In the area of the upper boiler (10), the traction direction of the link chain (7) is reversed by a deviation wheel (11). The tensile force is transmitted via a traction rope (13) that can be taken up on a take-up reel (14), such take-up reel (14) being driven by a drive (16) arranged outside the chamber (3). A drive shaft (15) for the take-up reel (14) provides for easy sealing of the duct (18) towards the chamber (3), because only a rotation and not a simultaneous axial displacement is required for the hoisting movement, and moreover, because the duct (18) is arranged at a spatial distance from the heating zone (5). The link chain (7) consists of carbon fiber reinforced mineral carbon materials and is thus resistant to high temperatures, so that no contamination of the mold body (2) by released components of the material of the link chain (7) will occur.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于在气密室（3）中烧结多孔模体（2）的装置（1），其中模体（2）从链节（7）松开，使得其可以被馈送 连续地加热到加热区（5）。 在上锅炉（10）的区域中，连杆链（7）的牵引方向由偏差轮（11）反转。 张力通过牵引绳（13）传递，牵引绳（13）可被卷绕在卷带盘（14）上，这种卷取卷轴（14）由设置在室（3）外部的驱动器（16）驱动， 。 用于收紧卷轴（14）的驱动轴（15）提供容易地将管道（18）密封到腔室（3），因为起重运动仅需要旋转而不是同时的轴向位移，并且 而且，因为管道（18）布置在与加热区域（5）的空间距离处。 链节（7）由碳纤维增强的矿物碳材料组成，因此耐高温，从而不会发生链节（7）的材料的释放部件对模体（2）的污染。
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公开(公告)号：US5665139A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-09
申请号：US538583
申请日：1995-10-03
申请人： Klaus Ruppert , Uwe Christiansen , Klaus Dittmer
发明人： Klaus Ruppert , Uwe Christiansen , Klaus Dittmer
摘要： The mold wall forms the boundary of a cavity provided with a filling opening and is divided vertically into several segments, which are connected to each other in such a way that they can separate under the action of a force acting outward from the cavity. At least one pretensioned elastic element is installed outside the cavity, which is in effective contact with at least one segment, so that, because of the pretension, an elastic force acts on the segment in the direction toward the cavity. A tensioning element is provided to pretension the elastic element, this tensioning element being installed outside the mold wall to serve as an abutment for the elastic element, and that the elastic element be made of a creep-resistant material.
摘要翻译： 模具壁形成设置有填充开口的空腔的边界，并且被垂直分割成若干段，它们彼此连接，使得它们可以在从空腔向外作用的作用下分离。 至少一个预张紧的弹性元件安装在空腔外部，其与至少一个部分有效接触，使得由于预张力，弹性力沿着朝向空腔的方向作用在该段上。 提供张紧元件以预张紧弹性元件，该张紧元件安装在模具外侧，用作弹性元件的支座，弹性元件由抗蠕变材料制成。
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公开(公告)号：US4964227A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-23
申请号：US329726
申请日：1989-03-27
申请人： Uwe Christiansen
发明人： Uwe Christiansen
摘要： A vertical drying chamber, for the continuous drying of finely divided solids at temperatures in the range of 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C. by the evaporation of moisture adhering thereto, is formed by the interstice between an inner tube and an outer tube. The outer tube is surrounded by a heat source (electrical resistance heating, infrared radiator) and is composed of a plurality of tube sections plugged one into the other, each tube having a funnel-shaped upper end into which the bottom, plain end of the tube section above it extends. Between the interconnected tube ends spacers are provided. The tube sections are made of a material that is permeable to infrared radiation.
摘要翻译： 通过内管和外管之间的间隙形成垂直干燥室，用于通过附着在其上的水分蒸发，在800至1000℃的温度范围内连续干燥细碎的固体。 外管被热源（电阻加热，红外辐射体）包围，并且由多个彼此堵塞的管部分组成，每个管具有漏斗形的上端，底部，平端 管上方延伸。 在互连的管端之间设有间隔件。 管段由可透过红外辐射的材料制成。
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