公开(公告)号：US20140189248A1

公开(公告)日：2014-07-03

申请号：US14196100

申请日：2014-03-04

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Carl A. WALDSPURGER ,  Rajesh VENKATASUBRAMANIAN ,  Alexander Thomas GARTHWAITE ,  Yury BASKAKOV ,  Puneet ZAROO

IPC: G06F12/12

CPC classification number: G06F12/122 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F11/3471 ,  G06F12/123 ,  G06F2009/45583 ,  G06F2201/815 ,  G06F2201/88

Abstract: Miss rate curves are constructed in a resource-efficient manner so that they can be constructed and memory management decisions can be made while the workloads are running. The resource-efficient technique includes the steps of selecting a subset of memory pages for the workload, maintaining a least recently used (LRU) data structure for the selected memory pages, detecting accesses to the selected memory pages and updating the LRU data structure in response to the detected accesses, and generating data for constructing a miss-rate curve for the workload using the LRU data structure. After a memory page is accessed, the memory page may be left untraced for a period of time, after which the memory page is retraced.

Abstract translation: 错误率曲线以资源有效的方式构建，以便可以构建它们，并且可以在工作负载运行时进行内存管理决策。 资源有效的技术包括以下步骤：为工作负载选择存储器页面的子集，维护所选择的存储器页面的最近最少使用的（LRU）数据结构，检测对所选择的存储器页面的访问并响应更新LRU数据结构 并且使用LRU数据结构生成用于构建工作负载的错过率曲线的数据。 在访问存储器页面之后，存储器页面可以保持未被跟踪一段时间，之后再回读存储器页面。

公开(公告)号：US20140164722A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-12

申请号：US13710185

申请日：2012-12-10

Applicant: VMWARE, INC.

Inventor： Alexander Thomas GARTHWAITE ,  Yury BASKAKOV ,  Irene ZHANG ,  Kevin Scott CHRISTOPHER ,  Jesse POOL

IPC: G06F12/16

CPC classification number: G06F12/16 ,  G06F11/00

Abstract: A process for lazy checkpointing a virtual machine is enhanced to reduce the number of read/write accesses to the checkpoint file and thereby speed up the checkpointing process. The process for saving a state of a virtual machine running in a physical machine to a checkpoint file maintained in persistent storage includes the steps of copying contents of a block of memory pages, which may be compressed, into a staging buffer, determining after the copying if the buffer is full, and upon determining that the buffer is full, saving the buffer contents in a storage block of the checkpoint file.

Abstract translation: 增强了对虚拟机进行懒惰检查点的过程，以减少对检查点文件的读/写访问次数，从而加快了检查点处理过程。 将在物理机器中运行的虚拟机的状态保存到持久存储器中维护的检查点文件的过程包括以下步骤：将可压缩的存储器页块的内容复制到暂存缓冲器中，在复制之后确定 如果缓冲区已满，并且在确定缓冲区已满时，将缓冲区内容保存在检查点文件的存储块中。

公开(公告)号：US20130205106A1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-08

申请号：US13760868

申请日：2013-02-06

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Kiran TATI ,  Rajesh VENKATASUBRAMANIAN ,  Carl A. WALDSPURGER ,  Alexander Thomas GARTHWAITE ,  Tongpin LIU

IPC: G06F3/06 ,  G06F12/12

CPC classification number: G06F3/0613 ,  G06F3/0607 ,  G06F3/061 ,  G06F3/0647 ,  G06F3/065 ,  G06F3/0655 ,  G06F3/0683 ,  G06F3/0689 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/4856 ,  G06F12/10 ,  G06F12/121 ,  G06F2009/4557 ,  G06F2212/151

Abstract: In a virtualized computer system, guest memory pages are mapped to disk blocks that contain identical contents and the mapping is used to improve management processes performed on virtual machines, such as live migration and snapshots. These processes are performed with less data being transferred because the mapping data of those guest memory pages that have identical content stored on disk are transmitted instead of the their contents. As a result, live migration and snapshots can be carried out more quickly. The mapping of the guest memory pages to disk blocks can also be used to optimize other tasks, such as page swaps and memory error corrections.

Abstract translation: 在虚拟化计算机系统中，将guest虚拟机页面映射到包含相同内容的磁盘块，并且映射用于改进在虚拟机上执行的管理进程，例如实时迁移和快照。 由于传送具有存储在磁盘上的相同内容的那些客户机存储器页面的映射数据而不是其内容，所以这些处理被传送较少的数据被执行。 因此，可以更快地进行实时迁移和快照。 客户机内存页面与磁盘块的映射也可用于优化其他任务，如页面交换和内存错误更正。

公开(公告)号：US20130067135A1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-14

申请号：US13670223

申请日：2012-11-06

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Vivek PANDEY ,  Ole AGESEN ,  Alexander Thomas GARTHWAITE ,  Carl WALDSPURGER ,  Rajesh VENKATASUBRAMANIAN

IPC: G06F12/02 ,  G06F12/10

CPC classification number: G06F9/5033 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/4856 ,  G06F2009/4557

Abstract: A system and related method of operation for migrating the memory of a virtual machine from one NUMA node to another. Once the VM is migrated to a new node, migration of memory pages is performed while giving priority to the most utilized pages, so that access to these pages becomes local as soon as possible. Various heuristics are described to enable different implementations for different situations or scenarios.

Abstract translation: 将虚拟机的存储器从一个NUMA节点迁移到另一个NUMA节点的系统和相关操作方法。 一旦将VM迁移到新节点，就会在优先使用最多的页面的同时执行内存页面的迁移，以便尽快访问这些页面。 描述了各种启发式方法，以实现不同情况或场景的不同实现。

公开(公告)号：US20160170906A1

公开(公告)日：2016-06-16

申请号：US15051940

申请日：2016-02-24

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Yury BASKAKOV ,  Alexander Thomas GARTHWAITE ,  Rajesh VENKATASUBRAMANIAN ,  Irene ZHANG ,  Seongbeom KIM ,  Nikhil BHATIA ,  Kiran TATI

IPC: G06F12/12 ,  G06F9/455 ,  G06F12/02

CPC classification number: G06F12/121 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F12/023 ,  G06F12/1009 ,  G06F12/1027 ,  G06F2009/45583 ,  G06F2212/1016 ,  G06F2212/1044

Abstract: Memory performance in a computer system that implements large page mapping is improved even when memory is scarce by identifying page sharing opportunities within the large pages at the granularity of small pages and breaking up the large pages so that small pages within the large page can be freed up through page sharing. In addition, the number of small page sharing opportunities within the large pages can be used to estimate the total amount of memory that could be reclaimed through page sharing.

公开(公告)号：US20140164723A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-12

申请号：US13710215

申请日：2012-12-10

Applicant: VMWARE, INC.

Inventor： Alexander Thomas GARTHWAITE ,  Yury BASKAKOV ,  Irene ZHANG ,  Kevin Scott CHRISTOPHER ,  Jesse POOL

IPC: G06F12/16

CPC classification number: G06F12/16 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/461 ,  G06F2009/45575 ,  G06F2009/45583

Abstract: A process for lazy checkpointing is enhanced to reduce the number of read/write accesses to the checkpoint file and thereby speed up the checkpointing process. The process for restoring a state of a virtual machine (VM) running in a physical machine from a checkpoint file that is maintained in persistent storage includes the steps of detecting access to a memory page of the virtual machine that has not been read into physical memory of the VM from the checkpoint file, determining a storage block of the checkpoint file to which the accessed memory page maps, writing contents of the storage block in a buffer, and copying contents of a block of memory pages that includes the accessed memory page from the buffer to corresponding locations of the memory pages in the physical memory of the VM. The storage block of the checkpoint file may be compressed or uncompressed.

Abstract translation: 增强了用于延迟检查点的过程，以减少对检查点文件的读/写访问次数，从而加快了检查点处理过程。 从维护在持久存储器中的检查点文件恢复在物理机器中运行的虚拟机（VM）的状态的过程包括以下步骤：检测对尚未被读入物理存储器的虚拟机的存储器页面的访问 从所述检查点文件确定所述VM的存储块，确定所访问的存储器页映射到的所述检查点文件的存储块，将所述存储块的内容写入缓冲器，以及将包括所访问的存储器页的存储器页块的内容从 缓冲区到VM的物理内存中的内存页的相应位置。 检查点文件的存储块可以被压缩或未压缩。

公开(公告)号：US20140075127A1

公开(公告)日：2014-03-13

申请号：US14078276

申请日：2013-11-12

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Alexander Thomas GARTHWAITE ,  Yury BASKAKOV

IPC: G06F9/48

CPC classification number: G06F9/4881 ,  G06F9/5016

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs for managing physical memory in a host of a virtual infrastructure are presented. One method includes an operation for detecting that a guest physical page (GPP) of a virtual machine (VM) is a balloon page. The GPP, previously mapped to a machine page (MP), is re-mapped to a shared page of memory in order to free the MP, such that a read to the GPP causes a read to the shared page of memory. Further, the method includes an operation for detecting a write to the shared page of memory after the re-mapping of the GPP to the shared page, where the write to the shared page is caused by a write to the GPP. After detecting the write, all balloon pages created by the VM are reset in order to reset the balloon application in the VM.

Abstract translation: 呈现用于管理虚拟基础设施的主机中的物理内存的方法，系统和计算机程序。 一种方法包括用于检测虚拟机（VM）的客体物理页（GPP）是气球页的操作。 先前映射到机器页面（MP）的GPP被重新映射到内存的共享页面，以便释放MP，以便读取GPP会读取内存的共享页面。 此外，该方法包括在将GPP重新映射到共享页面之后检测对存储器的共享页面的写入的操作，其中对共享页面的写入是由对GPP的写入引起的。 在检测到写入之后，由VM创建的所有气球页面都将重置，以便重置VM中的气球应用程序。