摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of organic disulfides by oxidation of mercaptans with sulfur dissolved in an organic disulfide using an amine as catalyst, where the mercaptans are used as “crude mercaptan stream” from a reaction of alcohols with hydrogen sulfide over a catalyst suitable for mercaptan synthesis. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the organic disulfides for the preparation of alkanesulfonic acids.
摘要:
Dimethyl sulfite is prepared by transesterification of a cyclic alkylene sulfite of at least 2 carbon atoms with methanol, in the presence or absence of a catalyst, by a process which is carried out continuously in a column.
摘要:
In the preparation of pulverulent zirconium dioxide by dissolving a zirconium compound in formic acid, removing the volatile components and calcining the residue, a chloride-free zirconium compound is dissolved in a formic acid/water mixture and the zirconium dioxide is obtained in a manner known per se.
摘要:
A mixture Ia comprises a mix IIa composed of a) from 1 to 95% by weight of a solid III, preferably a basic solid III, with a primary particle size of from 5 nm to 20 &mgr;m and b) from 5 to 99% by weight of a polymeric composition IV, obtainable by polymerizing b1) from 5 to 100% by weight, based on the composition IV, of a condensation product V of &agr;) at least one compound VI which is capable of reacting with a carboxylic acid or with a sulfonic acid or with a derivative or a iixture of two or more of these, and &bgr;) at least 1 mol per mole of the compound VI of a carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid VII which has at least one functional group capable of free-radical polymerization, or of a derivative thereof or of a mixture of two or more thereof and b2) from 0 to 95% by weight, based on the composition IV, of another compound VIII with an average molecular weight (number average) of at least 5000 having polyether segments in its main or side chain and at least one ester of the formula (E1) to (E5) where each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is identical with or different from the others and, independently of the others, is linear or branched-chain C1-C4-alkyl (—CH2—CH2—O)n—CH3, where n is from 1 to 3, C3-C6-cycloalkyl or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may in turn be substituted, with the proviso that at least one of the groups R1, R2, R3 or R4 is (—CH2—CH2—O)n—CH3, where n is from 1 to 3.
摘要:
For a process for reducing the thermal conductivity and for increasing the thermoelectric efficiency of thermoelectric materials based on lead chalcogenides or skutterudites, the thermoelectric materials are extruded at a temperature below their melting point and a pressure in the range from 300 to 1 000 MPa.
摘要:
The invention relates to a capacitor having a porous electrically conductive substrate on whose inner and outer surfaces a first layer of a dielectric and an electrically conductive second layer are applied.The invention also relates to a method for the production of such capacitors and to their use in electrical and electronic circuits.
摘要:
The invention relates to a photovoltaic cell and to a process for producing a photovoltaic cell comprising a photovoltaically active semiconductor material of the formula (I) or (II): ZnTe (I) Zn1-xMnxTe (II) where x is from 0.01 to 0.7, wherein the photovoltaically active semiconductor material comprises a metal halide comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of germanium, tin, antimony, bismuth and copper and a halogen selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine
摘要:
The invention relates to the thermally stable contacting of semiconductive alloys for use in thermoelectric generators and Peltier arrangements by means of soldering, and to processes for producing thermoelectric modules using a barrier layer composed of borides, nitrides, carbides, phosphides and/or silicides.
摘要:
Process for preparing barium titanate or strontium titanate by reacting titanium alkoxides with barium hydroxide hydrate or strontium hydroxide hydrate in a C1–C8-alcohol or a glycol ether at from 50 to 150° C.
摘要:
Process for preparing mixed oxides by reacting alkoxides of the elements titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum or mixtures thereof with metal hydroxides, metal carboxylates, metal hydroxycarbonates, metal carbonates or mixtures thereof of the elements lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, gallium, yttrium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, dysprosium, europium, lead, bismuth or mixtures thereof in a C1–C8-alkanol, in a glycol ether or in a mixture thereof at from 50 to 200° C.