Production of nitrogen-rich gas mixtures
    1.
    发明授权
    Production of nitrogen-rich gas mixtures 失效
    生产富氮气体混合物

    公开(公告)号:US4119566A

    公开(公告)日:1978-10-10

    申请号:US801138

    申请日:1977-05-27

    IPC分类号: C01B3/36 C01B2/14 C01B2/00

    CPC分类号: C01B3/36 Y02P20/123

    摘要: A nitrogen-rich inert gas mixture is produced by the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous feed containing substantially no metals nor noncombustible materials with air in a free-flow, unpacked, refractory-lined gas generator at a temperature in the range of about 1300.degree. to 3000.degree. F. and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres. The product gas will comprise a mixture of nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide and may contain small amounts of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, depending on the O/C atomic ratio selected. The atomic ratio of free oxygen in said air to carbon in said hydrocarbonaceous fuel is in the range of about 1.7 to stoichiometric, or slightly less than stoichiometric. By operating at this level of O/C atomic ratio, the H.sub.2 + CO content of the product gas may be minimized or deleted, substantially all of the particulate carbon may be oxidized, substantially no NO.sub.x is produced, and the product gas contains substantially no free oxygen. Further, the sensible heat recovered from the product gas may be used to manufacture by-product high pressure steam for export. The nitrogen-rich product gas may be used for oil formation flooding, or as a pressurizing or blanketing gas. Costly gas compressors may be avoided since the product gas may be produced at or above use pressure.

    摘要翻译: 通过在自由流,未包装的耐火材料衬里的气体发生器中在大约1300℃至大约1300℃的温度范围内部分氧化含有基本上不含金属和不可燃材料的空气的含烃原料来生产富氮惰性气体混合物 3000°F,压力范围约为1至250大气压。 产物气体将包含氮气,氩气和二氧化碳的混合物,并且可能含有少量氢气和一氧化碳,这取决于所选择的O / C原子比。 所述烃类燃料中所述空气中的碳与碳之间的游离氧的原子比在约1.7至化学计量的范围内,或略小于化学计量。 通过以这种O / C原子比水平操作,产物气体的H 2 + CO含量可以被最小化或者被消除,基本上所有的颗粒碳都可能被氧化,基本上没有产生NOx,并且产物气体基本上不含 游离氧气。 此外,从产物气体回收的显热可用于制造用于出口的副产物高压蒸汽。 富氮产物气体可用于油层淹没,或用作加压或覆盖气体。 因为可以在或高于使用压力下产生产品气体,所以可以避免成本高的气体压缩机。

    Production of nitrogen rich gas mixtures
    2.
    发明授权
    Production of nitrogen rich gas mixtures 失效
    生产富氮气体混合物

    公开(公告)号:US4057510A

    公开(公告)日:1977-11-08

    申请号:US617601

    申请日:1975-09-29

    IPC分类号: C01B3/36 C01B2/00 C01B2/14

    CPC分类号: C01B3/36 Y02P20/123

    摘要: A nitrogen-rich inert gas mixture is produced by the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous feed containing substantially no metals nor noncombustible materials with air in a free-flow, unpacked, refractory-lined gas generator at a temperature in the range of about 1300.degree. to 3000.degree. F. and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres. The product gas will comprise a mixture of nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide and may contain small amounts of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, depending on the O/C atomic ratio selected. The atomic ratio of free oxygen in said air to carbon in said hydrocarbonaceous fuel is in the range of about 1.7 to stoichiometric, or slightly less than stoichiometric. By operating at this level of O/C atomic ratio, the H.sub.2 + CO content of the product gas may be minimized or deleted, substantially all of the particulate carbon may be oxidized, substantially no NO.sub.x is produced, and the product gas contains substantially no free oxygen. Further, the sensible heat recovered from the product gas may be used to manufacture by-product high pressure steam for export. The nitrogen-rich product gas may be used for oil formation flooding, or as a pressurizing or blanketing gas. Costly gas compressors may be avoided since the product gas may be produced at or above use pressure.

    摘要翻译: 通过在自由流,未包装的耐火材料衬里的气体发生器中在大约1300℃至大约1300℃的温度范围内部分氧化含有基本上不含金属和不可燃材料的空气的含烃原料来生产富氮惰性气体混合物 3000°F,压力范围约为1至250大气压。 产物气体将包含氮气,氩气和二氧化碳的混合物,并且可能含有少量氢气和一氧化碳,这取决于所选择的O / C原子比。 所述烃类燃料中所述空气中的碳与碳之间的游离氧的原子比在约1.7至化学计量的范围内,或略小于化学计量。 通过以这种O / C原子比水平操作,产物气体的H 2 + CO含量可以被最小化或者被消除,基本上所有的颗粒碳都可能被氧化,基本上没有产生NOx,并且产物气体基本上不含 游离氧气。 此外,从产物气体回收的显热可用于制造用于出口的副产物高压蒸汽。 富氮产物气体可用于油层淹没,或用作加压或覆盖气体。 因为可以在或高于使用压力下产生产品气体,所以可以避免成本高的气体压缩机。

    Production of nitrogen-rich gas mixtures
    3.
    发明授权
    Production of nitrogen-rich gas mixtures 失效
    生产富氮气体混合物

    公开(公告)号:US4218326A

    公开(公告)日:1980-08-19

    申请号:US892225

    申请日:1978-03-31

    IPC分类号: E21B43/16 E21B43/18

    摘要: A nitrogen-rich inert gas mixture is produced by the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous feed containing substantially no metals nor noncombustible materials with air in a free-flow, unpacked, refractory-lined gas generator at a temperature in the range of about 1300.degree. to 3000.degree. F. and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres. The product gas will comprise a mixture of nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide and may contain small amounts of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, depending on the O/C atomic ratio selected. The atomic ratio of free oxygen in said air to carbon in said hydrocarbonaceous fuel is in the range of about 1.7 to stoichiometric, or slightly less than stoichiometric. By operating at this level of O/C atomic ratio, the H.sub.2 +CO content of the product gas may be minimized or deleted, substantially all of the particulate carbon may be oxidized, substantially no NO.sub.x is produced, and the product gas contains substantially no free oxygen. Further, the sensible heat recovered from the product gas may be used to manufacture by-product high pressure steam for export. The nitrogen-rich product gas may be used for oil formation flooding, or as a pressurizing or blanketing gas. Costly gas compressors may be avoided since the product gas may be produced at or above use pressure.

    摘要翻译: 通过在自由流,未包装的耐火材料衬里的气体发生器中在大约1300℃至大约1300℃的温度范围内部分氧化含有基本上不含金属和不可燃材料的空气的含烃原料来生产富氮惰性气体混合物 3000°F,压力范围约为1至250大气压。 产物气体将包含氮气,氩气和二氧化碳的混合物,并且可能含有少量氢气和一氧化碳,这取决于所选择的O / C原子比。 所述烃类燃料中所述空气中的碳与碳之间的游离氧的原子比在约1.7至化学计量的范围内,或略小于化学计量。 通过以这种O / C原子比水平操作,产物气体的H 2 + CO含量可以被最小化或者被消除,基本上所有的颗粒碳都可能被氧化,基本上没有产生NOx,并且产物气体基本上不含 游离氧气。 此外,从产物气体回收的显热可用于制造用于出口的副产物高压蒸汽。 富氮产物气体可用于油层淹没,或用作加压或覆盖气体。 因为可以在或高于使用压力下产生产品气体,所以可以避免成本高的气体压缩机。

    Partial oxidation system
    5.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation system 失效
    部分氧化体系

    公开(公告)号:US4479810A

    公开(公告)日:1984-10-30

    申请号:US422939

    申请日:1982-09-24

    IPC分类号: C01B3/32 C10J3/46 C10J3/50

    摘要: A partial oxidation control system for continuously producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas in which one process fuel is replaced by a different fuel without shutting down or depressurizing the gas generator. Suitable burners for introducing the feedstreams into the gas generator comprise a central conduit means radially spaced from a concentric coaxial outer conduit having a downstream exit nozzle, and providing a coaxial annular passage means therebetween. The central conduit means may be retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 and preferably 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice. A premix zone is preferably provided comprising one or more, say 2 to 5 coaxial chambers in series where substantial mixing of the reactant streams and optionally volatilization of the slurry medium takes place. A control system is provided for switching the type of reactant fuel stream flowing through either the central conduit means or the annular passage means of the burner and adjusting the flow rates of the reactant stream of free-oxygen containing gas with or without mixture with a temperature moderator and if necessary to introduce supplemental H.sub.2 O into the reaction zone to maintain the temperature and weight ratio H.sub.2 O/fuel in the reaction zone at design conditions for the partial oxidation reaction without stopping production of the product gas.

    摘要翻译: 用于连续生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化控制系统,其中一个处理燃料由不同的燃料代替,而不关闭或减压气体发生器。 用于将进料流引入气体发生器的合适的燃烧器包括与具有下游出口喷嘴的同心同轴外管径向间隔开的中心管道装置,并在其间提供同轴的环形通道装置。 中心导管装置可以从燃烧器表面的上游缩回到中心出口孔的最小直径的约0至12的距离,优选地为3至10倍。 优选地提供包含一个或多个,例如2至5个同轴室的预混合区,其中基本上混合反应物流并任选地使浆料介质挥发。 提供了一种控制系统,用于切换流过燃烧器的中心管道装置或环形通道装置的反应物燃料流的类型,并调节具有或不具有温度的混合物的含游离氧气体的反应物流的流速 并且如果需要,将补充的H 2 O引入反应区,以在设计条件下保持反应区中的H 2 O /燃料在部分氧化反应中的温度和重量比,而不停止产生产物气体。

    Partial oxidation burner apparatus
    6.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation burner apparatus 失效
    部分氧化燃烧器

    公开(公告)号:US4351645A

    公开(公告)日:1982-09-28

    申请号:US167876

    申请日:1980-07-14

    IPC分类号: C01B3/36 C10J3/48 C10J3/50

    摘要: A burner for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed--up and down--without sacrificing stable operation. Additional mixing of the reactant streams is obtained in one embodiment by providing one or more coaxial cylindrical shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the central conduit and/or one or more annular shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the annular passage.

    摘要翻译: 用于从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的燃烧器。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管,其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离,即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍,并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降,而不会影响稳定运行。 在一个实施方案中,通过在中心管道中串联提供一个或多个同轴圆柱形的预混合室和/或在环形通道中串联的一个或多个环形预混合室来获得反应物流的额外混合。

    Partial oxidation high turndown apparatus
    7.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation high turndown apparatus 失效
    部分氧化高调节仪

    公开(公告)号:US4400179A

    公开(公告)日:1983-08-23

    申请号:US272417

    申请日:1981-06-10

    摘要: A burner and partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed--up and down--without sacrificing stable operation. A control system is presented for varying the flow rates of the oxidant and fuel streams and/or for switching the reactant streams through one or both sections of the subject burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown of the burner and in the production of the effluent gas.

    摘要翻译: 用于从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的燃烧器和部分氧化方法。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管,其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离,即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍,并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降,而不会影响稳定运行。 提出了一种控制系统,用于改变氧化剂和燃料流的流速和/或用于通过对象燃烧器的一个或两个部分切换反应物流,从而实现燃烧器的快速调节和废气的生产 。

    Partial oxidation process
    8.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation process 失效
    部分氧化工艺

    公开(公告)号:US4394137A

    公开(公告)日:1983-07-19

    申请号:US272420

    申请日:1981-06-10

    摘要: A partial oxidation process for continuously producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas in which process one fuel is replaced by a differing fuel without shutting down or depressurizing the gas generator. This multifuel process is not tied to one particular fuel and reacts slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous fuels. Problems of fuel availability are reduced due to the wide selection of fuels that are suitable for the subject process. A two-section burner having a high turndown feature is employed that comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of tubes positioned in said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of tubes positioned in said annular passage. The downstream ends of said central and/or annular bunches of tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifie and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. A control system is provided for switching the type of reactant fuel streams flowing through either one or both sections of the burner. The flow rates of the oxidant, fuel, and temperature moderator streams may also be varied in either one or both sections of the burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown or turnup of the burner and a change in the production of the effluent gas.

    摘要翻译: 用于连续生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法,其中一个燃料被不同的燃料代替,而不关闭或减压气体发生器。 这种多种方法不与一种特定的燃料相关联,并且反应固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃类燃料的浆料。 由于适用于主题过程的燃料的广泛选择,燃料可用性的问题减少。 使用具有高调节特征的两段式燃烧器,其包括中心导管; 定位在所述中心导管中的中心束管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及定位在所述环形通道中的环形束管。 所述中心管和/或环形束束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游退回约0至12的距离,即中心出口的最小直径的3至10倍,并且环形出口的最小宽度 。 提供了一种控制系统,用于切换流过燃烧器的一个或两个部分的反应物燃料流的类型。 氧化剂,燃料和温度调节剂流的流速也可以在燃烧器的一个或两个部分中变化,从而实现燃烧器的快速调节或升高以及废气的产生的变化。

    High turndown partial oxidation process
    9.
    发明授权
    High turndown partial oxidation process 失效
    高调整部分氧化过程

    公开(公告)号:US4392869A

    公开(公告)日:1983-07-12

    申请号:US272415

    申请日:1981-06-10

    IPC分类号: C01B3/36 C10J3/48 C10J3/46

    摘要: A burner and partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed--up and down--without sacrificing stable operation. A control system is presented for varying the flow rates of the oxidant and fuel streams and/or for switching the reactant streams through one or both sections of the subject burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown of the burner and in the production of the effluent gas.

    摘要翻译: 用于从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的燃烧器和部分氧化方法。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管,其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离,即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍,并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降,而不会影响稳定运行。 提出了一种控制系统,用于改变氧化剂和燃料流的流速和/或用于通过对象燃烧器的一个或两个部分切换反应物流,从而实现燃烧器的快速调节和废气的生产 。

    Partial oxidation process using a swirl burner
    10.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation process using a swirl burner 失效
    使用旋流燃烧器的部分氧化过程

    公开(公告)号:US4371379A

    公开(公告)日:1983-02-01

    申请号:US352444

    申请日:1982-02-25

    IPC分类号: C01B3/36 C10J3/48 C10J3/46

    摘要: A partial oxidation process using a swirl burner for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The swirl burner may have pre-mix and/or high turndown features. By means of the burner a first reactant stream is split into a plurality of swirling streams by being passed down through a central bundle of helical tubes. Simultaneously a second reactant stream is split into a plurality of swirling streams by being passed down through a plurality of related passages formed in the cylindrical space that surrounds said central bundle of helical tubes and/or the interstices between the helical tubes. When the two swirling reactant feed streams impinge, either upstream from the face of the burner in a pre-mix zone or downstream from the face of the burner, in the gas generator, they are intimately mixed together. The combustion efficiency of the burner is thereby improved. In another embodiment, the burner includes a coaxial annular bundle of helical tubes surrounding said first conduit and a plurality of related helical passages formed in the annular space occupied by said annular bundle of helical tubes. Flow through the burner may be turned up or down.

    摘要翻译: 使用旋流燃烧器从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料中生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法。 旋流燃烧器可以具有预混合和/或高调整功能。 借助于燃烧器,第一反应物流通过向下穿过中心的螺旋管束而被分成多个旋流。 同时,第二反应物流通过向下通过形成在围绕所述中心螺旋管束束的圆柱形空间中的多个相关通道和/或螺旋管之间的间隙而分裂成多个旋流。 当两个旋转的反应物进料流在燃烧器的预混合区域或燃烧器的表面的下游从燃烧器的表面上游到气体发生器中时,它们紧密地混合在一起。 从而提高燃烧器的燃烧效率。 在另一个实施例中,燃烧器包括围绕所述第一管道的同轴环形螺旋管束和形成在所述环形螺旋管束所占据的环形空间中的多个相关螺旋通道。 流经燃烧器的流量可能会上升或下降。