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公开(公告)号：US4806770A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-21
申请号：US10183
申请日：1987-02-02
摘要： A germicidal toothbrush holder includes a substantially closed, upright cylindrical housing having a detachable top lid. The lid has an annular array of openings through which the bristled ends of toothbrushes may be inserted and removed. A UV lamp of low intensity is operably mounted within the housing for emitting ultraviolet radiation in the 200 to 300 nanometer wavelength range, as well as some radiation in the visible range above 300 nanometers and in the ozone producing range below 200 nanometers. A removable cup structure supports the bristled ends of the toothbrushes in an annular array immediately surrounding the lamp, and has an annular interior surface coated with aluminum for high reflectance of UV radiation. The UV lamp is on continuously to expose the toothbrushes to germicidal radiation and to generate small quantities of ozone which accumulate to have some sterilizing effect. The lower portion of the housing is translucent to visible light, so that the holder operates as well as a nightlight for the bathroom.
摘要翻译： 杀菌牙刷架包括具有可拆卸顶盖的基本封闭的直立圆柱形壳体。 盖具有环形阵列的开口，牙刷的刷毛末端可以插入和移除。 低密度的UV灯可操作地安装在壳体内，用于发射200至300纳米波长范围内的紫外线辐射，以及在300纳米以上的可见光范围以及低于200纳米的臭氧产生范围内的一些辐射。 可拆卸的杯结构支撑着立即围绕灯的环形阵列的牙刷的刚毛端，并且具有涂覆有铝的环形内表面以实现高反射率的UV辐射。 紫外线灯持续暴露，使牙刷暴露于杀菌辐射，并产生少量积聚起来具有消毒作用的臭氧。 外壳的下部半透明到可见光，使得保持器操作以及用于浴室的夜灯。
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公开(公告)号：US5609026A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-11
申请号：US83657
申请日：1993-06-28
CPC分类号： F01N3/2066 , F01N3/36 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/1453 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/24
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for reducing pollutants and especially nitrogen oxides, or NOx, in the exhaust gases of an engine. The apparatus includes a device for injecting ammonia into a conduit that extends between cylinder exhaust valves and a catalytic converter, to mix the ammonia with the exhaust gases. Ammonia injection occurs at a location a plurality of inches downstream of the exhaust valves to avoid burning of the ammonia by flames. The injection preferably occurs at a location where the exhaust gases are at a temperature of at least about 1200.degree. F. to cause considerable reaction of the ammonia with NOx in the exhaust gases prior to the gases reaching the catalyst, so less NOx must be removed along the catalyst. To minimize ammonia use, it is injected only for a limited period such as a minute after a cold engine is started when the catalyst is too cold to cause significant reactions, and during operation of the engine at high power levels when the greatest amounts of NOx are produced.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于减少发动机废气中的污染物，特别是氮氧化物或NOx的方法和装置。 该装置包括用于将氨注入到在气缸排气阀和催化转化器之间延伸的导管中以将氨与废气混合的装置。 氨喷射发生在排气门下游多个英寸的位置，以避免由于火焰而燃烧氨。 注射优选在排气处于至少约1200°F的温度的位置处发生，以在气体到达催化剂之前使氨与废气中的NOx发生相当大的反应，因此必须除去较少的NO x 沿催化剂。 为了最大限度地减少氨的使用，只有在发动机冷启动后几分钟才能注入有限的时间，当催化剂太冷而不能引起显着的反应时，并且在最大量的NOx 被生产。
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公开(公告)号：US5224346A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-06
申请号：US701497
申请日：1991-05-16
CPC分类号： F01N3/2066 , F01N3/36 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/1453 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/24
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for reducing pollutants and especially nitrogen oxides, or NOx, in the exhaust gases of an engine. The apparatus includes a device for injecting ammonia into a conduit that extends between cylinder exhaust valves and a catalytic converter, to mix the ammonia with the exhaust gases. Ammonia injection occurs at a location a plurality of inches downstream of the exhaust valves to avoid burning of the ammonia by flames. The injection preferably occurs at a location where the exhaust gases are at a temperature of at least about 1200.degree.F. to cause considerable reaction of the ammonia with NOx in the exhaust gases prior to the gases reaching the catalyst, so less NOx must be removed along the catalyst. To minimize ammonia use, it is injected only for a limited period such as a minute after a cold engine is started when the catalyst is too cold to cause significant reactions, and during operation of the engine at high power levels when the greatest amounts of NOx are produced.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于减少发动机废气中的污染物，特别是氮氧化物或NOx的方法和装置。 该装置包括用于将氨注入到在气缸排气阀和催化转化器之间延伸的导管中以将氨与废气混合的装置。 氨喷射发生在排气门下游多个英寸的位置，以避免由于火焰而燃烧氨。 注射优选在排气处于至少约1200°F的温度的位置处发生，以在气体到达催化剂之前使氨与废气中的NOx发生相当大的反应，因此必须除去较少的NO x 沿催化剂。 为了最大限度地减少氨的使用，只有在发动机冷启动后几分钟才能注入有限的时间，当催化剂太冷而不能引起显着的反应时，并且在最大量的NOx 被生产。
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公开(公告)号：US5185532A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-09
申请号：US703797
申请日：1991-05-21
申请人： John M. Zabsky , Jerome Saitta , Edward P. Bryan
发明人： John M. Zabsky , Jerome Saitta , Edward P. Bryan
CPC分类号： A61C19/002 , A61L2/10
摘要： A sterilizer is described that applies ultraviolet light to dental instruments such as slow and fast handpieces, picks, etc., which applies the light largely uniformly to the forward portions of the instruments which are used in patients' mouths. The apparatus includes a plurality of supports (21-24) that are each constructed to hold a dental instrument, with the supports each rotatably mounted on a frame about a different vertical axis (31-34). An ultraviolet light source (18) directs light primarily horizontally at the forward portions of the dental instruments to sterilize them.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种消毒器，其将紫外光施加到诸如缓慢和快速的手机，拾取器等的牙科器械上，其将光大致均匀地应用于在患者口中使用的器械的前部。 该装置包括多个支撑件（21-24），每个支撑件构造成保持牙科器具，其中支撑件可旋转地安装在围绕不同垂直轴线（31-34）的框架上。 紫外光源（18）将光线主要水平地引导到牙科器械的前部，以对它们进行消毒。
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公开(公告)号：US4109756A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-29
申请号：US742726
申请日：1976-11-17
申请人： Gerald A. Miller , John M. Zabsky
发明人： Gerald A. Miller , John M. Zabsky
IPC分类号： F01N1/10 , F16L55/027 , F01N1/08
CPC分类号： F16L55/02781
摘要： A dissipative-type muffler for attenuating the high velocity discharge of a high pressure-high temperature safety valve. A path of flow constituting four stages of controlled turbulence suppressed diffusion is formed internally of the muffler extending from an intake into a plenum chamber then distributed past a plurality of parallel arranged radial diffuser flanges and an acoustical liner before exiting to atmosphere at relatively low velocity and low noise level. Laminar flow to small scale turbulence is obtained in the first stage by a jet impingement directional reversal in a controlled spacing discharge from an intake pipe within the plenum chamber. In the second stage, small scale discharge turbulence of high frequency is achieved by laminar flow induced via radial diffusion through controlled gap spacings between the diffuser flanges. Buffer plate impingement of the second stage discharge is then effected in the third stage after which high frequency noise attenuation by means of an acoustical composition is obtained in the fourth stage before exiting to atmosphere.
摘要翻译： 一种用于衰减高压高温安全阀的高速放电的耗散型消声器。 在消声器的内部形成一个形成控制湍流抑制扩散的流动路径，该消声器从进气口延伸到通风室中，然后分布在多个平行布置的径向扩散器凸缘和隔音衬垫之前，以相对较低的速度离开大气， 低噪音水平 在第一阶段通过喷气冲击方向反转获得在小型湍流中的层流，从而与增压室内的进气管相接触的间隔排放。 在第二阶段，通过在扩散器法兰之间的可控间隙间隔通过径向扩散引起的层流实现了高频率的小规模放电湍流。 然后在第三阶段进行第二级放电的缓冲板冲击，之后在离开大气之前在第四阶段获得借助于声学组合物的高频噪声衰减。
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公开(公告)号：US5992141A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-30
申请号：US816796
申请日：1997-03-19
CPC分类号： F01N3/36 , B01D53/56 , B01D53/90 , F01N3/08 , F01N3/0892 , F01N3/2066 , F01N2240/20 , F01N2240/25 , F01N2290/02 , F01N2290/04 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/06 , F01N2610/10 , F01N2610/14 , F01N2610/1453 , Y02T10/24
摘要： Improvements are described in the injection of ammonia (NH.sub.3) into the exhaust gases of an engine to reduce nitrogen oxides. Instead of merely injecting ammonia into the exhaust gas conduit through a hole in its side, an ammonia injector (90) is provided that projects considerably into the exhaust conduit (16), with the injector having a plurality of holes (94). The ammonia is activated to decompose it into its reactive components, including NH.sub.2 and NH prior to injecting it into the exhaust conduit. Such activation prior to injection can be accomplished by heating the ammonia in the presence of a catalyst such as a metal of the platinum group, iron, nickel, or zinc. In an engine that has a fuel injection system wherein electrical pulses are delivered to fuel injectors to control the fuel flow rate, the durations of these electrical signals are used to control the opening of a valve (72) that controls the flow rate of ammonia into the exhaust gas conduit.
摘要翻译： 在将氨（NH 3）注入发动机的废气中以减少氮氧化物的情况下描述了改进。 代替仅通过其侧面的孔将氨注入废气导管中，提供了一个氨注入器（90），其大大地突出到排气管道（16）中，喷射器具有多个孔（94）。 在将氨注入排气管道之前，氨被活化以将其分解成其反应性组分，包括NH 2和NH。 在注射之前的这种活化可以通过在诸如铂族金属，铁，镍或锌的催化剂的存在下加热氨来实现。 在具有燃料喷射系统的发动机中，其中电脉冲被输送到燃料喷射器以控制燃料流量，这些电信号的持续时间用于控制控制氨流量的阀门（72）的打开 废气管道。
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公开(公告)号：US4185664A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-29
申请号：US896663
申请日：1978-04-17
申请人： John M. Zabsky , John R. Marshall
发明人： John M. Zabsky , John R. Marshall
摘要： Fluid pressure reducing apparatus adapted for positioned placement in a fluid valve or conduit in which pressure reduction is to be effected. A disc, sleeve or other body member in the flow path defines a plurality of line-of-sight grooves of non-circular cross-section between an inlet and an outlet communicating with the upstream and downstream portions, respectively, of the valve or conduit in which it is placed. Contained positioned transverse within each of the grooves are a plurality of longitudinally spaced circular crests formed of screw threads, parallel thin discs or the like. The crests in this arrangement cooperate with the groove walls to define a single stage pressure reducer in a fluid flow path from inlet to outlet through the longitudinal open spacing therebetween.
摘要翻译： 流体减压装置适于定位放置在要进行减压的流体阀或导管中。 流动路径中的盘，套筒或其他身体构件在入口和出口之间分别形成有多个与圆形截面相对应的视线槽，该视线沟与分别与阀或导管的上游部分和下游部分连通 在其中放置。 在每个凹槽内横向包含的多个纵向间隔开的圆形峰由螺纹，平行薄盘等形成。 在这种布置中的顶部与凹槽壁配合，以在从入口到出口通过其间的纵向开口间隔的流体流动路径中限定单级减压器。
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公开(公告)号：US06852292B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-08
申请号：US10132552
申请日：2002-04-24
CPC分类号： F01N3/2066 , B01D53/56 , B01D53/86 , B01D53/90 , B01D53/92 , B01D53/9413 , B01D2251/2062 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/06 , F01N2610/1453 , Y02T10/24
摘要： A system is described for storing ammonia and injecting it into the exhaust gas stream of an engine to reduce nitrogen oxides. The ammonia is stored as a liquid mixture (70) of ammonia and water in a container (50). In one system, the mixture passes through a tube with a portion (62) in contact with the exhaust gas pipe (16) to heat the mixture and separate the ammonia from the water, with the ammonia being further heated at a nozzle (84) to activate the ammonia before injection into an upstream portion of the exhaust gas pipe.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于存储氨并将其注入发动机的废气流中以减少氮氧化物的系统。 氨作为氨和水的液体混合物（70）储存在容器（50）中。 在一个系统中，混合物通过具有与排气管（16）接触的部分（62）的管，以加热混合物并将氨与水分离，氨在喷嘴（84）处进一步加热， 以在喷射到排气管的上游部分之前激活氨。
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公开(公告)号：US06446940B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09975602
申请日：2001-10-10
申请人： Lester P. Berriman , John M. Zabsky
发明人： Lester P. Berriman , John M. Zabsky
IPC分类号： F02M714
CPC分类号： F02M9/06 , F02M7/14 , F02M7/225 , F02M9/125 , Y10S261/12 , Y10S261/56
摘要： An apparatus for atomizing liquid fuel while mixing it with air, and varying the amount of each while maintaining a substantially constant fuel/air ratio for the intake manifold of an engine. The apparatus includes a frame (16) forming a passage (14) with a throat (44), with a second wall (56) of the passage being moveable toward and away from a stationary first wall (54) of the passage to vary the cross-section of the passage and thereby vary airflow. A fuel-carrying tube (24) has a proximal end (60) fixed to the first stationary wall and has a distal portion (62) that extends through a bore (64) in the moveable wall and with the moveable wall being slideable around the tube. The tube has at least one aperture (70) for flowing fuel into the passage, with the exposed aperture area being progressively increased as the moveable wall moves away from the stationary wall to flow a progressively increasing amount of fuel into the passage. The moveable wall is moved by a lever (134) that can be moved by the throttle of the engine.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在将液体燃料与空气混合的同时雾化液体燃料的装置，并且在保持发动机的进气歧管的基本恒定的燃料/空气比的同时改变其量。 该装置包括形成具有喉部（44）的通道（14）的框架（16），通道的第二壁（56）能够朝向和远离通道的固定第一壁（54）移动，以改变 通道的横截面，从而改变气流。 燃料承载管（24）具有固定到第一固定壁的近端（60），并且具有延伸穿过可移动壁中的孔（64）的远端部分（62），并且可移动壁可围绕 管。 管具有用于使燃料流入通道的至少一个孔口（70），随着可移动壁离开静止壁而使暴露的开口面积逐渐增加，以逐渐增加量的燃料流入通道。 可动壁由可通过发动机节气门移动的杆（134）移动。
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公开(公告)号：US4888758A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-19
申请号：US123924
申请日：1987-11-23
申请人： David M. Scruggs , John M. Zabsky
发明人： David M. Scruggs , John M. Zabsky
IPC分类号： G11B7/0055 , G11B9/10 , G11B11/00
CPC分类号： G11B9/10 , G11B11/00 , G11B7/00557
摘要： An information storage system includes a memory medium having a layer of an amorphously transformable, stable metal upon a substrate, a laser or other directed energy source for changing the state of discrete regions of the layer between the amorphous and the crystalline states, in a controllable pattern to store information in the pattern, a beam source to cause X-ray or electron emission from a local region of the metallic layer, and an X-ray or electron detector for analyzing X-rays or electrons from the region to determine whether the region is amorphous or crystalline. Discrete regions are transformed to the amorphous state by heating them above the melting point and permitting them to solidify rapidly. Those regions are transformed back to the crystalline state by heating them above their crystalline transformation temperature, but not above the melting point, using the laser operating at a reduced power level.
摘要翻译： 信息存储系统包括：存储介质，其具有在基板上的非晶可变稳定金属层，激光器或其它定向能源，用于改变非晶态和结晶态之间的层的离散区域的状态， 用于存储图案中的信息的图案，用于引起来自金属层的局部区域的X射线或电子发射的光束源，以及用于从该区域分析X射线或电子的X射线或电子检测器，以确定是否 区域是无定形或结晶的。 通过将它们加热到高于熔点并使其快速固化，将离散区域转变为非晶状态。 通过使用在降低的功率水平下操作的激光器将它们加热到高于其结晶转变温度但不高于熔点的那些区域转变回结晶状态。
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