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1.发明授权Control apparatus and methods, heat transfer systems and apparatus and methods for controlling such systems and for sensing and indicating low fluid charge conditions therein 失效控制装置和方法，传热系统以及用于控制这种系统并用于感测和指示其中的低流体充电条件的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4561261A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-31
申请号：US596831
申请日：1984-04-04
CPC分类号： G01L9/007 , G01L9/16 , Y10T307/779
摘要： Control apparatus for producing a control signal indicating that a physical variable has reached a userselected level. A transducer generates for the control apparatus electrical pulses having a repetition period which is a function of the physical variable. The control apparatus repeatedly counts clock pulses in response to the transducer pulses to provide a first digital signal representative of the repetition period of the transducer pulses. The apparatus also repeatedly generates a second digital signal corresponding to the user-selected level of the physical variable by adding to a preset binary code a binary amount related to a userselected voltage. The first and second digital signals are compared to produce the control signal for a switching circuit which responds thereto. The comparison is overriden if an analysis of most significant bits of the first digital signal shows that the physical variable varies beyond a predetermined level. In control apparatus for a heat transfer system the comparison is made with a high fluid pressure level, and a low charge pressure level, as well as a userselected low fluid pressure level. Subject to predetermined time delays, the system is actuated when the high pressure is reached, and deactuated when the selected low pressure is reached. Abnormally low fluid charge is indicated when an excessive rate of change from the high pressure level to the low charge pressure level repeatedly occurs. An automotive air conditioning system and methods for controlling such a system are also described.
摘要翻译： 用于产生指示物理变量已经达到用户选择电平的控制信号的控制装置。 换能器为控制装置产生具有作为物理变量的函数的重复周期的电脉冲。 控制装置响应于换能器脉冲重复计数时钟脉冲，以提供表示换能器脉冲的重复周期的第一数字信号。 该设备还通过将与用户选择的电压相关的二进制量相加到预设的二进制代码来重复产生对应于物理变量的用户选择电平的第二数字信号。 对第一和第二数字信号进行比较，以产生对其进行响应的开关电路的控制信号。 如果对第一数字信号的最高有效位的分析表明物理变量变化超过预定水平，则比较被覆盖。 在用于传热系统的控制装置中，用较高的流体压力水平和低的充气压力水平以及用户选择的低流体压力水平进行比较。 受到预定的时间延迟，当达到高压时系统被启动，并且当达到所选择的低压时停止。 当从高压水平到低充电压力水平的过大变化重复发生时，指示异常低的液体充量。 还描述了用于控制这种系统的汽车空调系统和方法。
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2.发明授权Automatic equal-phase synchronizer for a varying number of synchronized units 失效自动等相同步器，用于不同数量的同步单元
公开(公告)号：US5451858A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-19
申请号：US100399
申请日：1993-08-02
CPC分类号： B64G1/428 , H02J1/10 , H02J1/102 , H02M1/14 , H02J2001/104
摘要： A spacecraft (10) includes N paralleled power converters (24a, 24b . . . ) for producing current pulses in response to converter synchronizing pulses. The current pulses are integrated (28) to produce an operating direct voltage. The synchronizing pulses are produced in a recurrent cycle by a synchronizer (30). The synchronizer includes a voltage divider (320) with equal series-connected elements (324a, 324b . . . ), each of which is paralleled by a shorting switch (330a, 330b . . . ). A sawtooth signal generator (310) produces a sawtooth signal (312), which is applied in common to each of a plurality of comparators (332a, 332b . . . ). The voltage divider (320) is connected across a reference voltage (318), to produce a plurality of reference voltages at the taps (328a, 328b). Each comparator (332) compares the sawtooth ramp (314) with one of the reference voltages, so that the comparators trigger in sequence as the ramp rises. The comparators trigger at times corresponding to equal phase increments of 360.degree./N at the ramp recurrence frequency, where N is the number of power converters being driven. If a power converter fails, it produces a NOGO signal, which causes the associated voltage divider switch to close, to thereby short-circuit one of the divider elements. This redistributes the phase increments, so the remaining power converters continue to be synchronized in equal phase increments.
摘要翻译： 航空器（10）包括用于响应于转换器同步脉冲产生电流脉冲的N个并联电力转换器（24a，24b ...）。 电流脉冲被积分（28）以产生工作直流电压。 同步脉冲由同步器（30）以循环周期产生。 同步器包括具有相同的串联元件（324a，324b ...）的分压器（320），每个元件与短路开关（330a，330b ...）并联。 锯齿波信号发生器（310）产生锯齿波信号（312），其被共同应用于多个比较器（332a，332b ...）中的每一个。 分压器（320）跨越参考电压（318）连接，以在抽头（328a，328b）处产生多个参考电压。 每个比较器（332）将锯齿波形（314）与参考电压之一进行比较，使得比较器随着斜坡上升而依次触发。 在斜坡复发频率下，比较器触发相当于360°/ N的相位增量的时间，其中N是驱动的功率转换器的数量。 如果电源转换器出现故障，则会产生NOGO信号，导致相关的分压开关闭合，从而使分压元件之一短路。 这将重新分配相位增量，因此剩余的功率转换器将以相等的相位增量继续同步。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4591734A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-27
申请号：US604359
申请日：1984-04-27
申请人： William J. Laughton
发明人： William J. Laughton
IPC分类号： H02M1/06 , H03K17/04 , H03K17/042 , H03K17/082 , H03K17/567 , H03K17/687 , H03K4/94 , H03K3/353 , H03K17/284
CPC分类号： H03K17/6874 , H03K17/0406 , H03K17/04206 , H03K17/0828 , H03K17/567
摘要： An integratable circuit for controlling the turn-off time-rate-of-voltage-change of a non-regenerative power switching device (such as a field-effect transistor, an insulated gate transistor and the like) uses a single capacitive element, in conjunction with a first current source, to provide a ramp voltage generator which is operative only if a ramp generator terminal is disconnected from a circuit common potential. The circuit uses a second current source and a controlled-conduction device to provide a control electrode drive signal to the at least one power switching device, controlling the flow of current through a load from a unipolarity or bipolarity source. The voltage across the controlled-conduction circuit of the power switching device then active is applied in attenuated form to another input of the ramp voltage generator to control the load voltage time-rate-of-change during load current turn-off.
摘要翻译： 用于控制非再生功率开关器件（例如场效应晶体管，绝缘栅晶体管等）的截止时间电压变化的可积分电路使用单个电容元件， 与第一电流源结合，以提供斜坡电压发生器，其仅在斜坡发生器端子与电路公共电位断开时才起作用。 电路使用第二电流源和受控导通装置来向至少一个功率开关装置提供控制电极驱动信号，控制来自单极性或双极性源的负载的电流流动。 然后，功率开关器件的受控导通电路两端的电压以衰减的形式施加到斜坡电压发生器的另一个输入端，以在负载电流关断期间控制负载电压时间变化率。
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4.发明授权HVIC primary side power supply controller including full-bridge/half-bridge driver 失效HVIC一次侧电源控制器包括全桥/半桥驱动器
公开(公告)号：US4967332A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-30
申请号：US484945
申请日：1990-02-26
CPC分类号： H02M1/38 , H02M3/3376 , Y02B70/1433
摘要： A primary side power supply controller includes a full-bridge/half-bridge driver and is capable of being implemented on a single HVIC chip. Control circuitry enables operation in PWM, resonant, and phase-shift control modes. In the phase-shift control mode, a phase shift generator receives two input pulse train signals and generates two output pulse train signals, each having a 50% duty cycle, which are phase-shifted in a range from 0 to 180.degree. by an amount proportional to the duty cycle of the input pulse train signals and also proportional to the power supply load requirement. Dead time circuitry for ensuring that no two switching devices in a half-bridge, or in the same leg of a full-bridge, are conductive simultaneously employs a symmetrical delay circuit which independently delays the rising and falling edges of each signal pulse.
摘要翻译： 初级侧电源控制器包括全桥/半桥驱动器，并且能够在单个HVIC芯片上实现。 控制电路可以在PWM，谐振和相移控制模式下工作。 在相移控制模式中，相移发生器接收两个输入脉冲序列信号，并产生两个输出脉冲序列信号，每个具有50％的占空比，它们在0至180度的范围内相移一定量 与输入脉冲串信号的占空比成比例，并与电源负载要求成正比。 用于确保半桥或全桥同一条腿中的两个开关器件同时导通的死区时间电路采用独立延迟每个信号脉冲的上升沿和下降沿的对称延迟电路。
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5.发明授权Intergratable load voltage sampling circuit for R.M.S. load average voltage control apparatus 失效耐热负载电压采样电路 负载平均电压控制装置
公开(公告)号：US4578632A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-25
申请号：US608043
申请日：1984-05-07
申请人： William J. Laughton
发明人： William J. Laughton
摘要： An integratable load voltage sampling circuit utilizes a plurality of current-mirrors. One of the current mirrors is switched into conduction during a load-current conduction time interval, while another current mirror operates during the entire source half-cycle during which the first current mirror is pulsed to conduct. The total current from the plurality of current mirrors is summed and compared to a reference level; the difference in magnitude between the sampled and reference values is integrated, with respect to time, to provide a load conduction-angle adjustment signal having a magnitude varying as the root-mean-square magnitude of the average load voltage.
摘要翻译： 可集成的负载电压采样电路利用多个电流镜。 电流镜中的一个在负载 - 电流导通时间间隔期间切换为导通，而另一个电流镜在整个源半周期期间运行，在该半周期期间第一电流镜被脉冲导通。 将来自多个电流镜的总电流求和并与参考电平进行比较; 相对于时间，采样和参考值之间的幅度差被积分，以提供具有作为平均负载电压的均方根幅度变化的幅度的负载传导角调整信号。
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公开(公告)号：US5227961A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-13
申请号：US811331
申请日：1991-12-20
CPC分类号： H02M1/38 , H02M3/3376 , Y02B70/1433
摘要： Dead time circuitry for ensuring that no two switching devices in a half-bridge, or in the same leg of a full-bridge, are conductive simultaneously employs a symmetrical delay circuit which independently delays the rising and falling edges of each signal pulse.
摘要翻译： 用于确保半桥或全桥同一条腿中的两个开关器件同时导通的死区时间电路采用独立延迟每个信号脉冲的上升沿和下降沿的对称延迟电路。
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公开(公告)号：US5099202A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US551812
申请日：1990-07-02
CPC分类号： H02M1/38 , H02M3/3376 , Y02B70/1433
摘要： A phase shift generator receives two input pulse signals and generates two output pulse train signals, each having a 50% duty cycle, which are phase-shifted in a range from 0.degree. to 180.degree. by an amount proportional to the duty cycle of the input pulse train signals and also proportional to the power supply load requirement.
摘要翻译： 相移发生器接收两个输入脉冲信号，并产生两个输出脉冲序列信号，每个具有50％的占空比，它们在0°至180°的范围内相移一个与输入的占空比成比例的量 脉冲串信号，也与电源负载要求成正比。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4806844A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-21
申请号：US207844
申请日：1988-06-17
摘要： An on-chip DC power supply uses at least one series pass element which conducts responsive to a gating signal obtained by clamping an input potential to a preselected polarity and amplitude. A charge storage element serves to maintain an output voltage which is clamped to a predetermined maximum value. An output regulator provides a substantially constant second output voltage at a magnitude less than the output voltage set by the output clamping means.
摘要翻译： 片上直流电源使用至少一个串联通过元件，其响应于通过将输入电位钳位到预选的极性和幅度而获得的门控信号而导通。 电荷存储元件用于保持被钳位到预定最大值的输出电压。 输出调节器提供基本恒定的第二输出电压，其幅度小于由输出钳位装置设置的输出电压。
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