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    Pyrogenic silica or titania or alpha-alumina cuprous chloride catalyst of hydrogen chloride/oxygen reaction
    1.
    发明授权
    Pyrogenic silica or titania or alpha-alumina cuprous chloride catalyst of hydrogen chloride/oxygen reaction 失效
    热解二氧化硅或二氧化钛或α-氧化铝氯化亚铜催化剂的氯化氢/氧反应

    公开(公告)号：US4123389A

    公开(公告)日：1978-10-31

    申请号：US765161

    申请日：1977-02-02

    申请人： Wim J. M. Pieters ,  Emery J. Carlson ,  William E. Gates ,  William C. Conner, Jr.

    发明人： Wim J. M. Pieters ,  Emery J. Carlson ,  William E. Gates ,  William C. Conner, Jr.

    IPC分类号： B01J23/72 ,  B01J27/122 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J27/06 ,  C07C17/00

    CPC分类号： B01J27/122 ,  B01J23/72 ,  B01J37/024

    摘要： Catalyst of cuprous chloride, as a first layer, on a carrier of particles of pyrogenic anhydrous silica or titania, or alpha-alumina produced from pyrogenic gamma-alumina, having as a second layer an alkali metal chloride especially KCl, and preferably also a rare earth metal chloride; especially LaCl.sub.3 ; formed by impregnation using non-aqueous solvents, especially CuCl in acetonitrile followed by KCl/LaCl.sub.3 in formic acid. The catalyst is effective at desirable reaction rates at temperatures well below 400.degree. C., such as 200.degree.-300.degree. C. and even below 200.degree. C., under certain conditions, for oxyhydrochlorination of organic materials such as methane; and is also effective for production of chlorine by the Deacon process at relatively low temperatures. Problems due to catalyst volatility and melting are substantially mitigated.

    摘要翻译： 作为第一层的氯化亚铜催化剂在由热解的无水二氧化硅或二氧化钛的颗粒载体或由热解的γ-氧化铝产生的α-氧化铝的载体上，其中第二层为碱金属氯化物，特别是KCl，优选也是罕见的 地球金属氯化物; 特别是LaCl3; 通过使用非水溶剂，特别是在乙腈中的CuCl，随后在甲酸中的KCl / LaCl 3浸渍形成。 催化剂在一定条件下，在有机物质如甲烷的氢氯化处理下，在远低于400℃的温度，如200-300℃，甚至低于200℃下，以所需的反应速率有效。 并且在相对较低的温度下通过Deacon工艺生产氯也是有效的。 催化剂挥发性和熔融性引起的问题大为减轻。

    Apparatus and method for efficient determination of equilibrium adsorption isotherms at low pressures
    3.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for efficient determination of equilibrium adsorption isotherms at low pressures 失效
    低压下有效测定平衡吸附等温线的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5637810A

    公开(公告)日：1997-06-10

    申请号：US546942

    申请日：1995-10-23

    申请人： William C. Conner, Jr.

    发明人： William C. Conner, Jr.

    IPC分类号： G01N15/08

    CPC分类号： G01N15/0893

    摘要： This invention provides an apparatus and method whereby variable amounts of adsorbent are dosed over a porous sample to measure the equilibrium amount adsorbed by a sample over more than two orders of magnitude in pressure. The apparatus fills a fixed volume to variable pressures of adsorbent and/or provides multiple doses of adsorbent from a fixed volume in order to change the amount of gas to which the sample is exposed. Thus, a sample is exposed to doses of adsorbent that span over an order of magnitude in amount.The improved apparatus employs substantially larger capacity tubing and valves (diameters greater than 0.25 inch ID) than those that have been employed in prior apparatuses for the measurement of adsorption by porous solids. Further, the improved apparatus employs a vacuum system capable of substantially lower pressures than those conventionally employed for the measurement of adsorption by porous solids. These innovations allow for a sample to be evacuated efficiently to lower pressures than in prior apparatuses employed for the measurement of equilibrium adsorption by porous solids.The amount adsorbed is measured after sufficient time is allowed for equilibrium to be achieved (as determined by the changes in adsorbent pressure with time). This time between equilibrium measurements varies throughout a series of measurements.The disclosed adsorption apparatus and method allow for variations in the amount of adsorbent exposed to the sample for variable periods of time. This enables more efficient measurement of adsorption on porous solids over more than two orders of magnitude in pressure.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种装置和方法，其中将可变量的吸附剂放在多孔样品上以测量样品吸附的平衡量超过两个数量级的压力。 该装置将固定体积填充到可变压力的吸附剂和/或从固定体积提供多剂量的吸附剂，以便改变样品暴露于其中的气体的量。 因此，将样品暴露于跨越量级数量级的吸附剂剂量。 改进的装置使用比用于测量多孔固体的吸附的现有装置中使用的大得多的容量管和阀（直径大于0.25英寸ID）。 此外，改进的装置采用的真空系统能够比通常用于测量多孔固体吸附的常规压力显着更低的压力。 这些创新允许样品与用于测量多孔固体的平衡吸附的现有装置相比有效地抽真空以降低压力。 在允许达到平衡足够的时间之后测量吸附量（通过吸附剂压力随时间的变化来确定）。 平衡测量之间的这个时间在一系列测量中是不同的。 所公开的吸附装置和方法允许在可变时间段内暴露于样品的吸附剂的量的变化。 这使得能够在多于两个数量级的压力下更有效地测量多孔固体上的吸附。