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公开(公告)号：US4313853A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-02
申请号：US215514
申请日：1980-12-11
CPC分类号： B01J21/18 , B01J23/755 , B01J35/002 , B01J35/0026 , B01J35/023
摘要： A process for forming a dispersion of metal selected from the group consisting essentially of Ni, Co, Mo and mixtures thereof on graphite comprising heating a composite of said metal on graphite at a temperature between about 800.degree.-975.degree. C. in an inert, hydrogen-containing atmosphere to form metal-containing channels in the graphite, raising the temperature to at least about 975.degree. C. so that the metal in the channels spreads out and chemically wets the surface of the channels as a film of metal phase, followed by contacting the so-formed metal-wetted, channeled composite with an oxidizing atmosphere to break up the film of metal phase into discrete metal particles. The average diameter of the particles is generally below about 25 A and the preferred metal is nickel.
摘要翻译： 一种在石墨上形成选自Ni，Co，Mo及其混合物的金属分散体的方法，包括在约800-975℃的温度下在惰性气氛中加热所述金属在石墨上的复合物， 含氢气氛，在石墨中形成含金属的通道，将温度升高至至少约975℃，使得通道中的金属扩散并化学润湿通道表面作为金属相膜，随后 通过使如此形成的金属湿润的沟道复合材料与氧化气氛接触，将金属相的膜分解成离散的金属颗粒。 颗粒的平均直径通常低于约25，优选的金属是镍。
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公开(公告)号：US4224293A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-23
申请号：US12086
申请日：1979-02-14
申请人： Wim J. M. Pieters , Franz Wenger
发明人： Wim J. M. Pieters , Franz Wenger
CPC分类号： C01B7/0743 , C01B7/012
摘要： Hydrogen contamination of chlorine-containing gas, such as the chlorine gas from the electrolytic chlorine/caustic process and especially the tail gas from the chlorine liquefaction operation, is eliminated by reaction of the hydrogen directly in the gas mixture at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst, to effect combination of the hydrogen with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride, followed by scrubbing of the hydrogen chloride from the gas.
摘要翻译： 含氯气体的氢污染，例如电解氯/苛性碱工艺中的氯气，特别是来自氯液化操作的尾气，通过直接在气体混合物中在升高的温度下，在存在 催化剂，以实现氢与氯的组合以形成氯化氢，然后从气体洗涤氯化氢。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4194990A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-25
申请号：US869730
申请日：1978-01-16
摘要： Catalyst and process for the production of chlorofluorinated hydrocarbons are disclosed by reacting a hydrocarbon with HCl, HF and an oxygen-containing gas under oxychlorofluorination conditions in the presence of a catalytic composition comprising magnesium and copper ions each in combination with fluoride ions and an alkali metal ion, or mixtures thereof, in combination with chloride ions.
摘要翻译： 催化剂和制备氯氟烃的方法通过在含氟氯离子和碱金属的催化剂组合物存在下，在含氟氯氟化条件下，将烃与HCl，HF和含氧气体反应， 离子或其混合物，与氯离子组合。
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4.发明授权Pyrogenic silica or titania or alpha-alumina cuprous chloride catalyst of hydrogen chloride/oxygen reaction 失效热解二氧化硅或二氧化钛或α-氧化铝氯化亚铜催化剂的氯化氢/氧反应
公开(公告)号：US4123389A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-31
申请号：US765161
申请日：1977-02-02
IPC分类号： B01J23/72 , B01J27/122 , B01J37/02 , B01J27/06 , C07C17/00
CPC分类号： B01J27/122 , B01J23/72 , B01J37/024
摘要： Catalyst of cuprous chloride, as a first layer, on a carrier of particles of pyrogenic anhydrous silica or titania, or alpha-alumina produced from pyrogenic gamma-alumina, having as a second layer an alkali metal chloride especially KCl, and preferably also a rare earth metal chloride; especially LaCl.sub.3 ; formed by impregnation using non-aqueous solvents, especially CuCl in acetonitrile followed by KCl/LaCl.sub.3 in formic acid. The catalyst is effective at desirable reaction rates at temperatures well below 400.degree. C., such as 200.degree.-300.degree. C. and even below 200.degree. C., under certain conditions, for oxyhydrochlorination of organic materials such as methane; and is also effective for production of chlorine by the Deacon process at relatively low temperatures. Problems due to catalyst volatility and melting are substantially mitigated.
摘要翻译： 作为第一层的氯化亚铜催化剂在由热解的无水二氧化硅或二氧化钛的颗粒载体或由热解的γ-氧化铝产生的α-氧化铝的载体上，其中第二层为碱金属氯化物，特别是KCl，优选也是罕见的 地球金属氯化物; 特别是LaCl3; 通过使用非水溶剂，特别是在乙腈中的CuCl，随后在甲酸中的KCl / LaCl 3浸渍形成。 催化剂在一定条件下，在有机物质如甲烷的氢氯化处理下，在远低于400℃的温度，如200-300℃，甚至低于200℃下，以所需的反应速率有效。 并且在相对较低的温度下通过Deacon工艺生产氯也是有效的。 催化剂挥发性和熔融性引起的问题大为减轻。
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5.发明授权Catalyst of chlorination and combined chlorination/fluorination based on copper/calcium/fluoride 失效基于铜/钙/氟化物的氯化和联合氯化/氟化催化剂
公开(公告)号：US4039596A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-02
申请号：US683995
申请日：1976-05-06
摘要： The catalyst consists essentially of a calcium fluoride matrix and a thermally stable copper-containing phase as produced by coprecipitation of calcium fluoride and copper fluoride and/or calcium hydroxide and copper oxide, in presence of alkali metal or ammonium ion. The coprecipitate is thoroughly dried and heated at elevated temperature; followed, if the coprecipitate is in the form of hydroxide and/or oxide, by conversion of such hydroxide and oxide to fluoride.The preferred alkali metal ion is potassium.The most active and stable catalysts show by X-ray diffraction a pattern including lines characteristic of calcium fluoride and additional lines indicative of a face-centered cubic unit cell having unit dimension of about 8.1-8.4 A.The catalyst operates at about 200.degree.-550.degree. C. depending to some extent on the substrate.
摘要翻译： 催化剂基本上由氟化钙基质和通过在碱金属或铵离子存在下共沉淀氟化钙和氟化铜和/或氢氧化钙和氧化铜产生的热稳定的含铜相组成。 将共沉淀物彻底干燥并在高温下加热; 其次，如果共沉淀物是氢氧化物和/或氧化物的形式，则将这种氢氧化物和氧化物转化为氟化物。
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6.发明授权Process for synthesizing a zeolite catalyst on a pH controlled basis to improve catalyst life 失效在pH控制的基础上合成沸石催化剂以提高催化剂寿命的方法
公开(公告)号：US4764356A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-16
申请号：US685153
申请日：1984-12-21
IPC分类号： B01J29/00 , B01J29/06 , B01J29/40 , C01B39/04 , C01B39/38 , C01B39/40 , C07B61/00 , C07C1/00 , C07C1/04 , C07C1/20 , C07C2/86 , C07C11/00 , C07C11/02 , C07C15/00 , C07C15/08 , C07C67/00 , C01B33/28
CPC分类号： C07C1/20 , B01J29/40 , C01B33/2876 , B01J2229/36 , C07C2529/40 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P20/588 , Y10S423/22
摘要： A process for preparing a zeolite, e.g. ZSM-5, under controlled conditions of initial pH adjustment with an acid, SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 mole ratio, and in the presence of sodium cations, is disclosed, as well as a process for using the same to synthesize olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether.
摘要翻译： 一种制备沸石的方法，例如 ZSM-5在使用酸，SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3摩尔比的初始pH调节和钠阳离子存在下的控制条件下进行了公开，以及使用该方法从甲醇和/或二甲基合成烯烃的方法 醚。
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7.发明授权Process for synthesizing a zeolite catalyst on a pH controlled basis to improve catalyst life 失效在pH控制的基础上合成沸石催化剂以提高催化剂寿命的方法
公开(公告)号：US4804800A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US121017
申请日：1987-11-16
IPC分类号： B01J29/00 , B01J29/06 , B01J29/40 , C01B39/04 , C01B39/38 , C01B39/40 , C07B61/00 , C07C1/00 , C07C1/04 , C07C1/20 , C07C2/86 , C07C11/00 , C07C11/02 , C07C15/00 , C07C15/08 , C07C67/00
CPC分类号： C07C1/20 , B01J29/40 , C01B33/2876 , B01J2229/36 , C07C2529/40 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P20/588 , Y10S423/22
摘要： A process for preparing a zeolite, e.g. ZSM-5, under controlled conditions of initial pH adjustment with an acid, SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 mole ratio, and in the presence of sodium cations, is disclosed, as well as a process for using the same to synthesize olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether.
摘要翻译： 一种制备沸石的方法，例如 ZSM-5在使用酸，SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3摩尔比的初始pH调节和钠阳离子存在下的控制条件下进行了公开，以及使用该方法从甲醇和/或二甲基合成烯烃的方法 醚。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4554260A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-19
申请号：US630636
申请日：1984-07-13
IPC分类号： C07C1/24 , B01J29/40 , B01J29/87 , C07B61/00 , C07C1/00 , C07C1/20 , C07C11/02 , C07C67/00 , B01J29/28
CPC分类号： B01J29/87 , B01J29/40 , C07C1/20 , B01J2229/123 , B01J2229/34 , C07C2529/40
摘要： A process for improving the catalyst life of zeolites employed in the conversion of alcohols (e.g. methanol) and/or their ether derivatives (e.g., dimethyl ether) wherein a suitable zeolite is modified in a 2-stage procedure by providing a controlled low amount of a coke precursor deposit on the external surface of the zeolite, and then heating this treated zeolite in an inert gas at specifically controlled temperatures for a minimum time is disclosed. A process of employing this modified zeolite to produce lower olefins is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 用于改善醇（例如甲醇）和/或其醚衍生物（例如二甲醚）的转化中使用的沸石的催化剂寿命的方法，其中合适的沸石在2阶段程序中通过提供受控的低量 在沸石的外表面上沉积焦炭前体，然后在特定的控制温度下在惰性气体中加热该处理过的沸石最短时间。 还公开了使用该改性沸石制备低级烯烃的方法。
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9.发明授权Catalyst of chlorination and combined chlorination/fluorination based on copper/calcium/fluoride 失效基于铜/钙/氟化物的氯化和联合氯化/氟化催化剂
公开(公告)号：US4113655A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-12
申请号：US791767
申请日：1977-04-28
摘要： The catalyst consists essentially of a calcium fluoride matrix and a thermally stable copper-containing phase as produced by coprecipitation of calcium fluoride and copper fluoride and/or calcium hydroxide and copper oxide, in presence of alkali metal or ammonium ion. The coprecipitate is thoroughly dried and heated at elevated temperature; followed, if the coprecipitate is in the form of hydroxide and/or oxide, by conversion of such hydroxide and oxide to fluoride.The preferred alkali metal ion is potassium.The most active and stable catalysts show by X-ray diffraction a pattern including lines characteristic of calcium fluoride and additional lines indicative of a face-centered cubic unit cell having unit dimension of about 8.1-8.4 A.The catalyst operates at about 200.degree.-550.degree. C. depending to some extent on the substrate.
摘要翻译： 催化剂基本上由氟化钙基质和通过在碱金属或铵离子存在下共沉淀氟化钙和氟化铜和/或氢氧化钙和氧化铜产生的热稳定的含铜相组成。 将共沉淀物彻底干燥并在高温下加热; 其次，如果共沉淀物是氢氧化物和/或氧化物的形式，则将这种氢氧化物和氧化物转化为氟化物。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4088705A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-09
申请号：US767716
申请日：1977-02-11
摘要： Catalyst and process for the production of chlorofluorinated hydrocarbons are disclosed by reacting a hydrocarbon with HCl, HF and oxygen-containing gas under oxychlorofluorination conditions in the presence of a catalytic composition comprising magnesium and copper ions each in combination with fluoride ions and an alkali metal ion, or mixtures thereof, in combination with chloride ions.
摘要翻译： 催化剂和制备氯氟烃的方法通过在氧氯氟化条件下，在含有镁和铜离子的催化组合物与氟离子和碱金属离子组合的存在下使烃与HCl，HF和含氧气体反应来进行公开 ，或其混合物，与氯离子组合。
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