摘要:
Configurable permutators in an LDPC decoder are provided. A partially-parallel architecture combined with the proposed permutators is used to mitigate the increase in implementation complexity for the multi-mode function. To overcome the difficulty in efficient implementation of a high-throughput decoder, the variable nodes are partitioned into several groups, and each group is processed sequentially in order to shorten the critical-path delay and, hence, increase the maximum operating frequency. In addition, shuffled message-passing decoding can be adopted in decoders according to the invention to increase the convergence speed, which reduces the number of iterations required to achieve a given bit-error-rate performance.
摘要:
Configurable permutators in an LDPC decoder are provided. A partially-parallel architecture combined with the proposed permutators is used to mitigate the increase in implementation complexity for the multi-mode function. To overcome the difficulty in efficient implementation of a high-throughput decoder, the variable nodes are partitioned into several groups, and each group is processed sequentially in order to shorten the critical-path delay and, hence, increase the maximum operating frequency. In addition, shuffled message-passing decoding can be adopted in decoders according to the invention to increase the convergence speed, which reduces the number of iterations required to achieve a given bit-error-rate performance.
摘要:
An exemplary method for reading data stored in a flash memory. The method comprises: controlling the flash memory to perform a first read operation upon the memory cell with a first threshold voltage to obtain a first binary digit for representing a bit of the N bits data; performing an error correction hard decode according to the first binary digit; controlling the flash memory to perform a second read operation upon the memory cell with a second threshold voltage to obtain a second binary digit for representing the bit of the N bits data, if the error correction hard decode indicates an uncorrectable result; and performing an error correction soft decode according to the first binary digit and the second binary digit.
摘要:
A method for reading data stored in a flash memory. The flash memory comprises a plurality of memory cells and each memory cell has a particular threshold voltage The method includes: obtaining a first threshold voltage distribution representing threshold voltages of a first group of the memory cells; obtaining a second threshold voltage distribution representing threshold voltages of a second group of the memory cells, wherein the second threshold voltage distribution is different from the first threshold voltage distribution, and the first group of the memory cells comprises at least a part of the second group of the memory cells; and controlling the flash memory to perform at least one read operation upon the first group of the memory cells according to the second threshold voltage distribution.
摘要:
A method for controlling a message-passing algorithm (MPA) based decoding operation includes: gathering statistics data of syndromes obtained from executed iterations; and selectively adjusting a decoding operation in a next iteration to be executed according to the statistics data. A control apparatus for controlling an MPA based decoder includes an adjusting circuit and a detecting circuit. The detecting circuit is coupled to the adjusting circuit, and used for gathering statistics data of syndromes obtained from executed iterations, and selectively controlling the adjusting circuit to adjust a decoding operation in a next iteration to be executed according to the statistics data.
摘要:
The invention provides a data read method. First, a training sequence stored in a storage unit of a memory is read according to at least one sense voltage to obtain a read-out training sequence. Whether the read-out training sequence is correct is then determined. When the read-out training sequence is not correct, the sense voltage is adjusted.
摘要:
A controlling method utilized in a flash memory device includes: compressing first data received from a host to generate second data; generating record data according to the first data and the second data where the record data records error correct coding (ECC) control information at least; executing ECC protection upon specific data selected from the first and second data to generate third data; and writing the third data into the flash memory device.
摘要:
A method for performing memory access management includes: with regard to a same memory cell of a memory, according to a first digital value output by the memory, requesting the memory to output at least one second digital value, wherein the first digital value and the at least one second digital value are utilized for determining information of a same bit stored in the memory cell, and a number of various possible states of the memory cell is equal to a number of various possible combinations of all bit(s) stored in the memory cell; and based upon the at least one second digital value, generating/obtaining soft information of the memory cell, for use of performing soft decoding. An associated memory device and a controller thereof are also provided.
摘要:
A welding flux for use in welding stainless steel parts to increase welding penetration, consisting essentially a base material obtained from manganese peroxide (MnO2), and an activator selected from a material group that includes zinc oxide (ZnO), silicon dioxide (SiO2), chromium oxide (CrO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), molybdenum dioxide (MoO2), and iron oxide (Fe2O2).
摘要翻译:一种用于焊接不锈钢部件以增加焊接渗透性的焊剂,主要由由过氧化锰(MnO 2 O 2)获得的基材组成,以及选自包括氧化锌(ZnO)的材料组的活化剂 ),二氧化硅(SiO 2),氧化铬(CrO 2 2),二氧化钛(TiO 2),二氧化钼(MoO 2 sub>)和氧化铁(Fe 2 O 2 O 2)。
摘要:
A flash memory device includes a flash memory and a controller. The flash memory includes a single level memory module and a multi level memory module. The single level memory module includes a first data bus and at least one single level cell flash memory. Each memory cell of the single level cell flash memory stores one bit of data. The multi level memory module includes a second data bus and at least one multi level cell flash memory. Each memory cell of the multi level cell flash memory stores more than one bit of data. The first data bus is coupled to the second data bus. During a write operation, the controller writes data to the single level memory module, and the single level memory module further transmits the data to the multi level memory module through the first and second data buses coupled therebetween without passing the data through the controller.