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公开(公告)号：US4866302A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-12
申请号：US216146
申请日：1988-07-07
IPC分类号： G01R13/34 , G01R29/027 , H03K17/92
CPC分类号： G01R29/0276 , G01R13/342 , H03K17/92
摘要： A circuit is provided for sampling and accurately reproducing unknown signals which could be electrical, optical, x-ray, gamma ray or particle signals with picosecond resolution. The circuit comprises a superconductive sampling gate having at least two states which are distinguishable from one another and switching circuitry to switch the state of the sampling gate. The switching circuitry includes a sampling pulse source and a bias current source which are combined with the unknown signal to change the state of the monitor gate. A step generator utilizing Josephson junction technology is connected to the source of the unknown signal and sends a signal to the source of the unknown signal in order to initiate the outputting of the unknown signal and thus the sampling. Timing circuitry, also utilizing Josephson junction technology, provides an adjustable delay between the step signal generation and the sampling pulse generation.
摘要翻译： 提供电路用于采样和精确再现可能是电，光，X射线，伽马射线或具有皮秒分辨率的粒子信号的未知信号。 该电路包括具有至少两个可彼此区分的状态的超导采样门和用于切换采样门的状态的开关电路。 开关电路包括采样脉冲源和偏置电流源，其与未知信号组合以改变监视器门的状态。 利用约瑟夫逊结技术的步进发生器连接到未知信号的源，并将信号发送到未知信号的源，以启动未知信号的输出，从而开始采样。 使用约瑟夫逊结技术的定时电路提供了步进信号产生和采样脉冲生成之间的可调延迟。
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公开(公告)号：US4789794A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-06
申请号：US912785
申请日：1986-09-26
IPC分类号： G01R13/34 , G01R29/027 , H03K17/92 , H03K5/135 , H03K19/195
CPC分类号： G01R29/0276 , G01R13/342 , H03K17/92
摘要： A circuit is provided for sampling and accurately reproducing unknown signals, which could be electrical, optical, X-ray, gamma ray or particle signals, with picosecond resolution. The circuit comprises a superconductive sampling gate having at least two states which are distinguishable from one another and switching circuitry to switch the state of the sampling gate. The switching circuitry includes a sampling pulse source and a bias current source which are combined with the unknown signal to change the state of the monitor gate. A step generator utilizing Josephson junction technology is connected to the source of the unknown signal and sends a signal to the source of the unknown signal in order to initiate the outputting of the unknown signal and thus the sampling. Timing circuitry, also utilizing Josephson junction technology, provides an adjustable delay between the step signal generation and the sampling pulse generation.
摘要翻译： 提供电路用于采样并准确再现未知信号，其可以是皮秒分辨率的电，光，X射线，γ射线或粒子信号。 该电路包括具有至少两个可彼此区分的状态的超导采样门和用于切换采样门的状态的开关电路。 开关电路包括采样脉冲源和偏置电流源，其与未知信号组合以改变监视器门的状态。 利用约瑟夫逊结技术的步进发生器连接到未知信号的源，并将信号发送到未知信号的源，以启动未知信号的输出，从而开始采样。 使用约瑟夫逊结技术的定时电路提供了步进信号产生和采样脉冲生成之间的可调延迟。
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公开(公告)号：US5099238A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US439061
申请日：1989-11-17
申请人： Stephen R. Whiteley
发明人： Stephen R. Whiteley
摘要： A parallel analog to digital converter which uses a dual-rank arrangement of flash converters. The flash converters have Josephson junctions and act as a sample and hold circuit. The dual-rank arrangement allows a smaller number of comparators to be used than in a pure parallel conversion scheme, which also makes encoding the outputs of the flash converters less complex. The analog to digital converter includes an encoder which controls its output interferometers based on the net flux generated by combinations of input currents into the encoder.
摘要翻译： 一种并行模数转换器，它使用闪存转换器的双重排列。 闪光转换器具有约瑟夫逊结，并作为采样和保持电路。 双级布置允许使用比纯平行转换方案更少的比较器，这也使得对闪存转换器的输出的编码变得不那么复杂。 模数转换器包括编码器，其基于由输入电流组合到编码器中而产生的净通量来控制其输出干涉仪。
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公开(公告)号：US4918328A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US190955
申请日：1988-05-03
申请人： Feng Kuo
发明人： Feng Kuo
IPC分类号： H03K17/58 , H03K17/92 , H03K19/195
CPC分类号： H03K17/92 , H03K17/58 , H03K19/1956 , Y10S505/864
摘要： In a time domain reflectometer a first step generator may include two branches of elements which are current sensitive and will produce a gap voltage if the current exceeds a specific threshold. Each branch may include either Josephson junction devices or tunnel diodes. When a trigger signal plus a bias current exceed a threshold value a first one of the elements in a first branch produces a gap voltage and diverts current to the second branch. The current causes all of the elements in the second branch to produce gap voltages and the current is diverted back to the first branch to switch the states of the remaining elements of the first branch. Once all of the elements in both branches produce gap voltages, the total signal produced by these elements is transmitted to a third output branch. The circuit produces a fast step signal and lends itself to expansibility whereby the amplitude of the step signal can be varied by varying the number of elements in the branches of the circuit.
摘要翻译： 在时域反射计中，第一级发生器可以包括电流敏感元件的两个分支，并且如果电流超过特定阈值，则产生间隙电压。 每个分支可以包括约瑟夫逊结装置或隧道二极管。 当触发信号加上偏置电流超过阈值时，第一分支中的第一个元件产生间隙电压并将电流转向第二分支。 电流导致第二分支中的所有元件产生间隙电压，并且电流被转回到第一分支以切换第一分支的剩余元件的状态。 一旦两个分支中的所有元素产生间隙电压，则由这些元件产生的总信号被传输到第三输出分支。 该电路产生快速步进信号并使其本身具有可扩展性，由此可以通过改变电路的分支中的元件的数量来改变阶跃信号的幅度。
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公开(公告)号：US4912428A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-27
申请号：US203115
申请日：1988-06-07
申请人： Zhi-Yuan Shen , Andrew W. Laundrie
发明人： Zhi-Yuan Shen , Andrew W. Laundrie
CPC分类号： H01R24/40 , H01P1/045 , H01R13/052 , H01R2103/00
摘要： A connector provides electrical and mechanical connection between the inner conductors of a pair of coaxial lines. The connector avoids the use of a slotted female conductor by either providing a slotted male conductor or by providing slotless conductors. The configuration allows a two layer construction of the connector so that the construction is simple and so that signals of higher frequency can be transmitted without severe signal degradation. In addition, the connector provides an electrical contact which is close to the interface between the two inner conductors so that the resonant frequency of the connector is sufficiently high as to avoid degradation of the electrical performance of the connector.
摘要翻译： 连接器在一对同轴线的内导体之间提供电和机械连接。 连接器通过提供开槽的阳导体或通过提供无槽导体来避免使用开槽阴导体。 该配置允许连接器的两层结构，使得结构简单，使得可以传输更高频率的信号而没有严重的信号劣化。 此外，连接器提供接近两个内部导体之间的接口的电接触，使得连接器的谐振频率足够高以避免连接器的电气性能的劣化。
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公开(公告)号：US4856099A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-08
申请号：US236641
申请日：1988-08-24
申请人： Edwin E. Stebbins
发明人： Edwin E. Stebbins
IPC分类号： H03M1/00
CPC分类号： H03M1/34
摘要： An ultrafast analog to digital converter is provided which uses Josephson devices. The converter has a plurality of Josephson junction interferometers. The output of each interferometer is a bit that forms part of a digital representation of a sampled analog signal. Each of the interferometers has an offset, with each offset being different. The bits output by the interferometers are weighted by the offsetting. The weighting of bits by offsetting rather than periodicity allows the use of interferometers which do not need to maintain periodicity over a great number of periods, and can therefore have lower internal inductance and better high speed properties.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种使用约瑟夫逊器件的超快速模数转换器。 该转换器具有多个约瑟夫逊结干涉仪。 每个干涉仪的输出是形成采样模拟信号的数字表示的一部分。 每个干涉仪具有偏移，每个偏移量是不同的。 由干涉仪输出的位由偏移量加权。 通过偏移而不是周期性进行位的加权允许使用不需要在许多周期上保持周期性的干涉仪，因此可以具有较低的内部电感和更好的高速性能。
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公开(公告)号：US5072591A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-17
申请号：US422759
申请日：1989-10-17
申请人： John A. Grange , Sadeg M. Faris
发明人： John A. Grange , Sadeg M. Faris
IPC分类号： F16L59/14
CPC分类号： F16L59/141
摘要： A flexible transfer line for delivering coolant from a storage dewar to cool superconducting circuitry is provided with a delivery capillary coupled to the storage dewar, this capillary being thermally isolated from ambient temperatures. The transfer line has an outer flexible support coaxial with the delivery capillary, and an inner flexible shield between the delivery capillary and the outer flexible support. Heat in the shield is continuously removed to thereby provide the thermal isolation of the delivery capillary. The thermal isolation allows a low-flow rate of coolant through the delivery capillary since inefficiences due to thermal conduction and radiation are substantially eliminated.
摘要翻译： 用于将冷却剂从储存杜瓦输送到冷却超导电路的柔性传输线提供有耦合到储存杜瓦瓶的输送毛细管，该毛细管与环境温度热隔离。 输送管线具有与输送毛细管共轴的外部柔性支撑件，以及在输送毛细管和外部柔性支撑件之间的内部柔性护罩。 连续除去屏蔽层的热量，从而提供输送毛细管的热隔离。 热隔离允许冷却剂通过输送毛细管的低流速，因为基本上消除了由于热传导和辐射导致的无效性。
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公开(公告)号：US4894612A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-16
申请号：US249101
申请日：1988-09-23
申请人： Robert E. Drake , Sadeg M. Faris , Roy M. Patt , Zhi-Yuan Shen
发明人： Robert E. Drake , Sadeg M. Faris , Roy M. Patt , Zhi-Yuan Shen
CPC分类号： G01R1/06772 , G01R1/07342
摘要： Miniature soft probes are used to provide a high speed connection to circuits on a wafer. The probe contains a co-planar line on a soft substrate which provides a flexibility for secure contacts. A miniature coaxial line is directly connected to the coplanar line with a zero degree angle. This configuration makes the probe very small and result in high performance. A planar link between two ground planes eliminates any unwanted odd mode. The probes have high speed and wideband transmission lines with interfaces which have speed in the picoseconds and bandwidths in the hundreds of gigahertz. The probes have multi-functional capabilities, such as high impedance buffering and DC blocking, due to printed circuits which constitute a portion of the probe. The printed circuits are produced by a thin film photolithic process. These probes are best suited for on-wafer tests, diagnostics and measurements as well as interfacing on-wafer circuits with other electronic or electro-optical systems.
摘要翻译： 微型软探头用于提供与晶片上电路的高速连接。 探针在柔性衬底上包含一个共面线，为安全接触提供了灵活性。 微型同轴线直接连接到零角度的共面线上。 该配置使得探头非常小并且导致高性能。 两个接地平面之间的平面连接消除了任何不想要的奇数模式。 这些探头具有高速和宽带传输线，其接口具有皮秒的速度和数百千兆赫兹的带宽。 由于构成探头的一部分的印刷电路，探头具有多功能功能，例如高阻抗缓冲和直流阻塞。 印刷电路通过薄膜光刻工艺制造。 这些探头最适用于晶圆上的测试，诊断和测量，以及与其他电子或电光系统的晶圆上电路接口。
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