HIGHLY EFFICIENT INVERTED POLYMER SOLAR CELLS USING AN INDIUM GALLIUM ZINC OXIDE INTERFACIAL LAYER

    公开(公告)号:US20230209846A1

    公开(公告)日:2023-06-29

    申请号:US18089844

    申请日:2022-12-28

    发明人: Hyuk KIM

    摘要: Organic polymer semiconductor-based polymer solar cells (PSCs) have attracted considerable research interest due to having excellent electrical, structural, optical, mechanical, and chemical properties. In the past 20 years, considerable efforts have been made to develop PSCs. Generally, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is used as a hole transport layer (HTL) of the PSC to enhance hole extraction efficiency, but highly acidic PEDOT:PSS destroys an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and an active layer and thus reduces the lifetime of the device. To avoid this problem, some attempts have been made to develop inverted PSCs having different electron transport layers (ETLs). However, such a device has limited power conversion efficiency (PCE) due to low electron mobility of the ETL. Therefore, attempts have been made to enhance the PCE of inverted PSCs using indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) having optimized indium (In), gallium (Ga), and zinc (Zn) contents. Accordingly, inverted PSCs that have ZnO or IGZO (having varying In:Ga:Zn molar ratios) as an ETL and have an ITO/ETL/PTB7:PC71BM/MoO3/Al structure have been constructed. The PCE of the inverted PSC can be increased from 6.22% to 8.72% using IGZO having an optimized weight ratio of In, Ga, and Zn.

    METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR BROADCASTING DISASTER ALERT

    公开(公告)号:US20230127418A1

    公开(公告)日:2023-04-27

    申请号:US17557239

    申请日:2021-12-21

    IPC分类号: H04W4/90

    摘要: Provided are a method and a system for broadcasting a disaster alert. The method of broadcasting a disaster alert includes: receiving an Advanced Emergency Alert Table (AEAT) message and an Advance Emergency Alert (AEA) message generated to include an NRT component corresponding to a multimedia file from an AEA message application according to an AEA protocol; receiving trigger information extracted from a Cell Broadcast Service (CBS) message from a Non-3GPP InterWorking Function (N3IWF); and transmitting the AEA message to a mobile terminal through an Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0 broadcast station according to the trigger information.

    Method of measuring the distance to a satellite in consideration of quantum and gravity effects, method of measuring a location using the same, and user terminal

    公开(公告)号:US11585940B2

    公开(公告)日:2023-02-21

    申请号:US17141660

    申请日:2021-01-05

    发明人: Do Yeol Ahn

    摘要: A method of measuring a distance to a satellite, which is performed by an electronic device, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises receiving a linearly polarized photon from and angular momentum per unit mass of the satellite the satellite; measuring an amount of rotation of the polarized photon, the rotation being induced by a space-time warpage due to gravity; and calculating a distance to the satellite by using the rotation amount of the polarized photon and the angular momentum per unit mass of the satellite. The distance to the satellite may be calculated by the following equation, sin ⁢ Θ ⁡ ( r ) ≅ - l obs rr s ⁢ 1 - r s r , wherein ‘2Θ’ is the rotation amount of polarized photon, ‘lobs’ is the angular momentum per unit mass of the satellite, ‘r’ is the distance to the satellite, and ‘rs’ is the Schwarzschild radius of the Earth.

    DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION TRANSPARENT ELECTRODE ARRAY AND NEURAL SIGNAL DETECTION METHOD USING SAME

    公开(公告)号:US20230045240A1

    公开(公告)日:2023-02-09

    申请号:US17790994

    申请日:2020-01-09

    发明人: Dong Wook PARK

    IPC分类号: A61N1/36 A61N1/05

    摘要: A deep brain stimulation transparent electrode array and a neural signal detection method using the same are proposed. The deep brain stimulation transparent electrode array includes a biocompatible dielectric substrate, a plurality of electrode sites arranged on one side of the substrate, a plurality of electrically conductive contacts arranged on the other side of the substrate, and an interconnector extended from each electrode site so as to be connected to each contact. The deep brain stimulation transparent electrode array is capable of conducting deep brain electrical stimulation and brain wave detection while minimizing image distortion in magnetic resonance imaging, and accuracy of the deep brain electrical stimulation and the brain wave detection may be increased by enhancing ability to carry electric current and minimizing the image distortion in the magnetic resonance imaging.