公开(公告)号：US20130057864A1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-07

申请号：US13696630

申请日：2011-05-10

申请人： Henrik Hofvander ,  Bernard P. Masterson ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  James Howell ,  David Owenby ,  Lee Sutherland ,  Michael J Estes

发明人： Henrik Hofvander ,  Bernard P. Masterson ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  James Howell ,  David Owenby ,  Lee Sutherland ,  Michael J Estes

IPC分类号： G01J3/42

CPC分类号： G01J5/0014 ,  G01J3/4338 ,  G01J5/601 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01L23/16 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2021/399

摘要： A method of absorption spectroscopy to determine a rapidly variable gas parameter. The method includes transmitting light from a synchronization light source to a synchronization detector. The transmitted light is periodically interrupted by a moving mechanical part between the synchronization light source and synchronization detector. The output from the synchronization detector is used to generate a repeating time signal having variable phase delay. This signal is used to control the timing of laser spectroscopy wavelength scans. Multiple spectroscopic scans may be repeated at multiple selected time signal phase delay and the results averaged for each phase. Apparatus for implementing the above methods are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 用于确定快速变化的气体参数的吸收光谱法的方法。 该方法包括将光从同步光源传输到同步检测器。 透射光被同步光源和同步检测器之间的移动机械部分周期性地中断。 来自同步检测器的输出用于产生具有可变相位延迟的重复时间信号。 该信号用于控制激光光谱波长扫描的时序。 可以在多个选定的时间信号相位延迟下重复多个光谱扫描，并且每个相位的平均结果。 还公开了用于实现上述方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20110300492A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-08

申请号：US13142791

申请日：2010-01-07

申请人： Michael John Estes ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Allen Molitoris ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Pei Huang

发明人： Michael John Estes ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Allen Molitoris ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Pei Huang

IPC分类号： F23N5/08

CPC分类号： G01N21/84 ,  F23M5/08 ,  F23N5/082 ,  G01B11/27 ,  G01N21/39

摘要： A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler of the type having walls comprising a plurality of parallel steam tubes separated by a metal membrane. First and second penetrations are provided in the metal membrane between adjacent tubes on opposite sides of the boiler. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic comprising a pitch collimating lens and a pitch relay lens, both residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch relay lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light is received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The strength of the collimated received beam of light is determined. At least one of the pitch collimating lens and the catch collimating lens may then be aligned to maximize the strength of the collimated received beam.

摘要翻译： 一种在具有壁的锅炉内部监测燃烧性能的方法，所述锅炉包括由金属膜隔开的多个平行蒸汽管。 在锅炉相对侧的相邻管之间的金属膜中提供第一和第二穿透。 光束通过包括间距准直透镜和俯仰中继透镜的俯仰光学镜投影，两者都驻留在锅炉内部的外部。 俯仰继电器镜头通过穿透进入锅炉内部来投射光束。 光束被接收到与位于锅炉内部外部的俯仰光学器件基本相同的捕捉光学器件。 确定准直接收光束的强度。 间距准直透镜和捕捉准直透镜中的至少一个然后可以对准以最大化准直的接收光束的强度。

公开(公告)号：US07787123B2

公开(公告)日：2010-08-31

申请号：US12067789

申请日：2006-10-04

申请人： James Howell

发明人： James Howell

IPC分类号： G01N21/39

CPC分类号： G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/108 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01N21/15 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2021/151 ,  G01N2021/399

摘要： A method of calibrating an absorption spectroscopy measurement wherein the calibration method includes projecting laser light through a sample of a first quantity of a gas of interest and a second irrelevant quantity of a spectroscopically identical or similar gas (10). The first and second spectroscopic absorptions of the laser light are measured over specific first and second absorption lines. A functional relationship is determined between the first and second measured spectroscopic absorptions and two unknown variables. The function relationships may then be simultaneously solved to determine one or both unknown variables and thereby obtain a measurement relating to the first quantity of the gas of interest, calibrated for the second irrelevant quantity of gas.

摘要翻译： 一种校准吸收光谱测量的方法，其中所述校准方法包括将激光投射通过目标气体的第一量的样品和与光谱相同或类似气体的第二无关量的气体（10）。 在特定的第一和第二吸收线上测量激光的第一和第二光谱吸收。 在第一和第二测量的光谱吸收和两个未知变量之间确定功能关系。 然后可以同时解决函数关系以确定一个或两个未知变量，从而获得与第二无关量气体相关的第一数量的关注气体的测量值。

公开(公告)号：US08786856B2

公开(公告)日：2014-07-22

申请号：US13142791

申请日：2010-01-07

申请人： Michael John Estes ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Allen Molitoris ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Pei Huang

发明人： Michael John Estes ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Allen Molitoris ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Pei Huang

IPC分类号： G01B11/00 ,  F23N5/08 ,  G01B11/27 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G01N21/39 ,  F23M5/08

CPC分类号： G01N21/84 ,  F23M5/08 ,  F23N5/082 ,  G01B11/27 ,  G01N21/39

摘要： A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler of the type having walls comprising a plurality of parallel steam tubes separated by a metal membrane. First and second penetrations are provided in the metal membrane between adjacent tubes on opposite sides of the boiler. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic comprising a pitch collimating lens and a pitch relay lens, both residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch relay lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light is received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The strength of the collimated received beam of light is determined. At least one of the pitch collimating lens and the catch collimating lens may then be aligned to maximize the strength of the collimated received beam.

摘要翻译： 一种在具有壁的锅炉内部监测燃烧性能的方法，所述锅炉包括由金属膜隔开的多个平行蒸汽管。 在锅炉相对侧的相邻管之间的金属膜中提供第一和第二穿透。 光束通过包括间距准直透镜和俯仰中继透镜的俯仰光学镜投影，两者都驻留在锅炉内部的外部。 俯仰继电器镜头通过穿透进入锅炉内部来投射光束。 光束被接收到与位于锅炉内部外部的俯仰光学器件基本相同的捕捉光学器件。 确定准直接收光束的强度。 间距准直透镜和捕捉准直透镜中的至少一个然后可以对准以最大化准直的接收光束的强度。

公开(公告)号：US08544279B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-01

申请号：US12092673

申请日：2006-11-06

申请人： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Henrik Hofvander

发明人： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Henrik Hofvander

IPC分类号： F23N5/08 ,  F02C9/00

CPC分类号： G01M15/14 ,  F01D21/003 ,  F02C9/28 ,  F05D2260/80

摘要： A method for measuring combustion parameters within a combustion zone of a gas turbine engine, the combustion zone being defined between an inner and outer casing. The method includes transmitting a beam from a transmit optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing off a portion of the inner casing and receiving a portion of the beam reflected off the inner casing with a receiving optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing. An apparatus for practicing the method includes a laser generating a beam and a transmitting/receiving optics pair, the transmitting/receiving optics pair being configured for operative association with a port in an outer casing of a gas turbine engine, whereby the transmitting/receiving optics are in optical communication by reflecting the beam off a portion of an inner casing.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧区内的燃烧参数的方法，所述燃烧区被限定在内壳和外壳之间。 该方法包括将光束从光学耦合到外壳中的孔的发射光学器件传输到内壳体的一部分，并且接收从外壳反射的一部分光束，光接收光学耦合到外壳中的孔 套管。 实施该方法的装置包括产生光束和发射/接收光学对的激光器，该发射/接收光学对被配置为与燃气涡轮发动机的外壳中的端口可操作地相关联，由此发射/接收光学器件 通过将束离开内壳的一部分而进行光通信。

公开(公告)号：US20100171956A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-08

申请号：US12359900

申请日：2009-01-26

申请人： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander

发明人： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander

IPC分类号： G01N21/00 ,  G01M15/14

CPC分类号： G01N21/8507 ,  G01M15/14 ,  G01N2021/8514

摘要： A method of measuring the combustion property in a measurement volume within a casing defined in part by a casing wall. The method includes providing a port in the chamber wall. Also provided is a fiber assembly comprising a single mode transmit core surrounded by a multimode receive core means. The fiber assembly is operatively coupled to the port to provide optical communication between the fiber assembly and measurement volume. A detection beam capable of detecting a select combustion property is transmitted from the single mode fiber and reflected off a reflection surface within the chamber, the reflection surface being configured to reflect and optically couple at least a portion of the detection beam to the multimode receive core means. The detection beam optically coupled to the multimode receive core means is then measured.

摘要翻译： 一种测量由壳体壁部分限定的壳体内的测量体积中的燃烧特性的方法。 该方法包括在室壁中提供端口。 还提供了一种光纤组件，其包括由多模接收芯装置包围的单模传输芯。 光纤组件可操作地耦合到端口以提供光纤组件和测量体积之间的光通信。 能够检测选择燃烧特性的检测光束从单模光纤传输并从室内的反射面反射出来，该反射面被配置成将检测光束的至少一部分反射并光学耦合到多模接收芯 手段。 然后测量光耦合到多模接收芯装置的检测光束。

公开(公告)号：US20080289342A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-27

申请号：US12092673

申请日：2006-11-06

申请人： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Henrik Hofvander

发明人： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Henrik Hofvander

IPC分类号： F02C9/28 ,  F02C7/22 ,  G01N21/27

CPC分类号： G01M15/14 ,  F01D21/003 ,  F02C9/28 ,  F05D2260/80

摘要： A method for measuring combustion parameters within a combustion zone of a gas turbine engine, the combustion zone being defined between an inner and outer casing. The method comprises transmitting a beam from a transmit optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing off a portion of the inner casing and receiving a portion of the beam reflected off the inner casing with a receiving optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing. An apparatus for practicing the method comprises a laser generating a beam and a transmitting/receiving optics pair, the transmitting/receiving optics pair being configured for operative association with a port in an outer casing of a gas turbine engine, whereby the transmitting/receiving optics are in optical communication by reflecting the beam off a portion of an inner casing.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧区内的燃烧参数的方法，所述燃烧区被限定在内壳和外壳之间。 该方法包括从光学耦合到外壳中的孔光学耦合到外壳的一部分的发射光学器件的光束传输光束，并且接收从外壳反射的一部分光束，该接收光学器件光耦合到外壳中的孔 套管。 用于实施该方法的装置包括产生光束和发射/接收光学对的激光器，所述发射/接收光学对被配置为与燃气涡轮发动机的外壳中的端口可操作地相关联，由此所述发射/接收光学器件 通过将束离开内壳的一部分而进行光通信。

公开(公告)号：US20020181856A1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-05

申请号：US10091128

申请日：2002-03-01

申请人： Zolo Technologies, Inc.

发明人： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Pei Huang ,  Gerry Murphy

IPC分类号： G02B006/293 ,  G02B006/34 ,  H04J014/02

CPC分类号： G02B6/29308 ,  G02B5/1861 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/29361 ,  G02B6/29373 ,  G02B6/2938

摘要： An apparatus for multiplexing or demultiplexing optical signals in an optical communication system includes a plurality of optical waveguides aligned generally along the same optical axis each having a propagating end. A reflective grating is optically coupled to the plurality of optical waveguides along the optical axis and has a surface receiving an optical signal emitted from at least one of the optical waveguides. The surface diffracts the optical signals into at least one other of the optical waveguides. A collimating/focusing optic having a select focal length is optically coupled between the plurality of optical waveguides and the reflective grating along the optical axis. The collimating/focusing optic is positioned relative to the propagating ends of the plurality of optical waveguides and the reflective echelle grating to propagate a telecentric optical beam(s) into the at least one other of the optical waveguides.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在光通信系统中复用或解复用光信号的装置包括大致沿着相同的光轴排列的多个光波导，每个具有传播端。 反射光栅沿着光轴光耦合到多个光波导，并且具有接收从至少一个光波导发射的光信号的表面。 表面将光信号衍射到至少另一个光波导中。 具有选择焦距的准直/聚焦光学器件沿着光轴光耦合在多个光波导和反射光栅之间。 准直/聚焦光学器件相对于多个光波导和反射式光栅光栅的传播端定位，以将远心光束传播到光波导中的至少另一个光波导中。

公开(公告)号：US09366621B2

公开(公告)日：2016-06-14

申请号：US14395037

申请日：2013-03-15

申请人： Zolo Technologies, Inc.

发明人： Jim Howell ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Rod Harris ,  David Giltner ,  Atilio Jobson ,  Michael John Estes ,  Andrew D. Sappey

IPC分类号： G01N21/55 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/84 ,  F23M11/04 ,  F23N5/08 ,  F23M20/00 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G02B5/122 ,  G01J3/42

CPC分类号： G01N21/39 ,  F23M11/045 ,  F23M20/00 ,  F23N5/082 ,  F23N2029/00 ,  F23N2900/05005 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0289 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G01N2021/399 ,  G01N2201/0612 ,  G02B5/122

摘要： A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a furnace is described. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic including a pitch collimating lens residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch collimating lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light projected by the pitch collimating lens is reflected from at least one in-furnace retro-reflector, and received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch optic and the catch optic may be embodied in the same pitch/catch optic. The pitch collimating lens may also be steered toward another of the at least one in-furnace retro-reflectors. Combustion properties may be calculated for each retro-reflector based on retro-reflector zones within the furnace.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种监测炉内燃烧特性的方法。 光束通过包括位于锅炉内部外部的间距准直透镜的俯仰光学镜投射。 俯仰准直透镜通过穿透进入锅炉内部来投射光束。 由间距准直透镜投影的光束从至少一个炉内回射反射器反射，并且被接收到与驻留在锅炉内部外部的俯仰光学器件基本相同的捕捉光学器件。 俯仰光学器件和捕捉光学元件可以以相同的俯仰/捕捉光学元件来实现。 间距准直透镜也可以被转向至少一个炉内反射器中的另一个。 可以基于炉内的后向反射器区域为每个后向反射器计算燃烧特性。

公开(公告)号：US20120140234A1

公开(公告)日：2012-06-07

申请号：US13389902

申请日：2010-08-10

申请人： Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  James Howell ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Andrew D. Sappey

发明人： Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  James Howell ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Andrew D. Sappey

IPC分类号： G01N21/55

CPC分类号： F02C7/00 ,  F23N5/003 ,  F23N2025/16 ,  F23N2041/20 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2201/084 ,  Y02T50/67

摘要： An apparatus and methods for measuring combustion parameters in the measurement zone of a gas turbine engine. The measurement zone is defined as being between an outer casing and an engine component having a reflecting surface inside the outer casing. The apparatus comprises a laser generating a transmitting beam of light of a select wavelength and a multimode transmitting fiber optically coupled to the laser. A transmitting optic is optically coupled to the multimode optical fiber for transmitting the beam into the measurement zone. The reflecting surface is configured to provide a Lambertian reflection. A receiving optic is positioned to receive the Lambertian reflection. Means are provided in operative association with the multimode transmitting fiber for averaging modal noise induced signal level variation of light propagating within the multimode transmitting fiber.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量燃气涡轮发动机的测量区域中的燃烧参数的装置和方法。 测量区域被定义为在外壳和在外壳内具有反射表面的发动机部件之间。 该装置包括产生选择波长的发射光束的激光器和与激光器光耦合的多模发送光纤。 传输光学器件光耦合到多模光纤以将光束传输到测量区域中。 反射表面被配置为提供朗伯反射。 接收光学器件被定位成接收朗伯反射。 提供与多模发送光纤操作关联的装置，用于平均在多模发送光纤内传播的光的模态噪声感应信号电平变化。