Abstract:
A rolling mill of four-high or more is provided that includes: measurement apparatuses that adopt any one roll as a reference roll, and measure at least rolling direction forces acting on roll chocks on a work side and roll chocks on a drive side of each roll other than a backup roll; pressing apparatuses that press the roll chocks in the rolling direction; driving apparatuses that move the roll chocks in the rolling direction; and a position control unit that fixes a rolling direction position of the roll chocks of the reference roll as a reference position, and drives the driving apparatuses to control the positions in the rolling direction of the roll chocks based on a rolling direction force difference so that the rolling direction force difference of each roll is a value within an allowable range.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and a measuring system for measuring a movable object, for example a lateral guide on the transport path of a casting strand in a metallurgical installation. The system has at least one light source (110) for emitting parallel light beams (130) and a receiving device (120) with a sensor field for receiving the light beams. An evaluation device is used to evaluate the light beams received by the sensor field. In order to be able to make the evaluation simpler and faster, the receiving device is designed to generate an image of the sensor field having the positions of the sensors of the sensor field, which are assigned to the light beams not influenced by the object, and having the positions of the sensors of the sensor field, which are assigned to the light beams which are emitted, but are influenced by the object. The distances between the individual sensors are likewise known on the basis of the known resolution of the sensor field. The evaluation device is designed to evaluate the image with regard to the depth of penetration of the object into the spatial area spanned by the light beams, the speed and/or the contour of the object (200).
Abstract:
An arrangement for photographing a hot surface includes a camera arranged to take a number of successive images of the surface, whereby each image includes a part of the surface to be photographed. A light source is arranged to illuminate the surface to be photographed, whereby the camera and the light source are synchronized in such a way that the light source illuminates the surface at the shooting moment of each image, and an image-processing unit is arranged to combine a complete image of the whole surface to be photographed out of the successive images taken by the camera. A server is arranged to determine a coordinate system for the complete image, to receive data on the surface generated by one or more measuring devices, and to combine the received data with the complete image.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a kit including a plurality of modules which can be integrated in a bearing installation space. The modules include a plurality of supply management modules for supplying bearing components, a plurality of functional modules for measuring bearing state variables and/or for triggering and/or activating specified events under specified conditions, and a plurality of infrastructure modules for implementing communication tasks and/or for saving and processing specified and/or recorded data. The invention further relates to a bearing arrangement having a bearing and a plurality of modules which can be connected to a common connection medium, wherein the modules are components of the kit according to the invention.
Abstract:
[Object] To provide a rolling apparatus that enables an operator to recognize the rolling status such as the behavior of the steel sheet entering the rolling stand and enables a stable rolling process.[Solution] A rolling apparatus 10 includes a plurality of rolling stands 11 each including a pair of rolling mills 12, and an imaging unit 15 provided between adjacent rolling stands 11A and 11B, the imaging unit 15 being configured to image a steel sheet 1 entering a pair of rolling mills 12B of the rolling stand 11B from an upstream side of the rolling stand 11A located on a downstream side in a rolling direction. The imaging unit 15 is disposed so as to satisfy the following equation (1), on the upstream side in the rolling direction Z of the rolling stand 11B, in a central portion in the width direction of the steel sheet in an area P in which the steel sheet 1 is able to be conveyed: 2×L×tan(α/2)>Wmax (1) wherein L represents a distance in the rolling direction between the rolling stand 11B located on the downstream side in the rolling direction and the imaging unit 15, α represents a horizontal viewing angle of the imaging unit, and Wmax represents a maximum width of the steel sheet 1.
Abstract:
[Object] To provide a rolling apparatus that enables an operator to recognize the rolling status such as the behavior of the steel sheet entering the rolling stand and enables a stable rolling process.[Solution] A rolling apparatus 10 includes a plurality of rolling stands 11 each including a pair of rolling mills 12, and an imaging unit 15 provided between adjacent rolling stands 11A and 11B, the imaging unit 15 being configured to image a steel sheet 1 entering a pair of rolling mills 12B of the rolling stand 11B from an upstream side of the rolling stand 11A located on a downstream side in a rolling direction. The imaging unit 15 is disposed so as to satisfy the following equation (1), on the upstream side in the rolling direction Z of the rolling stand 11B, in a central portion in the width direction of the steel sheet in an area P in which the steel sheet 1 is able to be conveyed: 2×L×tan(α/2)>Wmax (1) wherein L represents a distance in the rolling direction between the rolling stand 11B located on the downstream side in the rolling direction and the imaging unit 15, α represents a horizontal viewing angle of the imaging unit, and Wmax represents a maximum width of the steel sheet 1.
Abstract:
For controlling the flatness of the strip during the rolling of aluminum strip or foil, the system consists of a full width bank of cryogenic roll cooling devices acting on the roll(s) and a full width bank of roll heating devices also acting the roll(s). Both or either of the cooling and heating banks are divided into individually controllable zones. A process automation system controls the action of the cooling and heating banks via feedback from a strip shape meter and/or a predictive process model, in order, by thermal growth/contraction, to create the best roll profile for rolling flat strip.
Abstract:
An arrangement for a metal making process for detecting cracks along a strip of a metallic material moving in relation to the arrangement. The arrangement includes a coil arrangement fixedly arranged during crack inspection, having: a first winding portion extending in a first direction for inducing a first current in the first direction; a second winding portion extending in a second direction for inducing a second current in the second direction, the first direction and the second direction intersecting each other; a first receiver coil arranged to detect a magnetic field generated by the first current; and a second receiver coil arranged to detect a magnetic field generated by the second current, the magnetic field generated by the first current and the magnetic field generated by the second current providing a measure of whether a crack is present in the portion of the strip.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus includes at least one image alignment sensor for receiving radiation projected from an alignment mark on a reticle. Processor processes signals from the sensor(s) to resolve spatial information in the projected alignment mark to establish a reference for measuring positional relationships between a substrate support and the patterning location. Examples of the sensor include line arrays of photodetectors. A single array can resolve spatial information in a plane of the sensor (X, Y direction) and in a perpendicular (Z) direction. At least a final step in establishing the reference position is performed while holding the substrate support stationary. Errors and delays induced by mechanical scanning of prior art sensors are avoided. Alternatively (not illustrated) the sensor is moved for mechanical scanning relative to the substrate support, independently of the main positioning systems.
Abstract:
In an inspection device for inspecting front and back surfaces of a strip material rolled by a rolling machine, both ends of the strip material along a longitudinal direction of the strip material are claimed by two pairs of clamping devices and the front surface of the back surface of the strip material is pressed at an optional position between the two pairs of the clamping devices by at least one pressing device. Thus, after clamping the strip material, the two pairs of the clamping devices are not displaced along the longitudinal direction of the strip material. A function for applying tensile stress to the strip material and a function for clamping the strip material are individually and separately provided so that the inspection device can be simplified. By pressing the strip material at a point between the two pairs of the clamping devices, at least one of pressing devices can be down sized. It is superior in view of an economical reason. It is possible to set tensile stress at high accuracy and minimize tensile stress variation with respect to a tensile stress level previously set in an operation for inspecting front and back surfaces of the strip material. Therefore, it can be reduced a risk that the strip material is broken and it can be provide a safety inspection device with high reliability for inspecting front and back surfaces of the strip material. Further, it is possible to provide an inspection device for inspecting front and back surfaces wherein a warp of the strip material along a width direction thereof can be adjusted and wrinkles occurred on the strip material by clamping with the clamping devices are controlled.