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公开(公告)号：US20130294977A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-07
申请号：US13990950
申请日：2011-12-01
IPC分类号： B01J19/00
CPC分类号： B01J19/00 , C01B21/26 , C01B21/262 , C01B21/28 , F28D9/0037 , F28D9/0093 , F28D2021/0022 , F28F3/048 , F28F2210/02
摘要： A heat exchange apparatus is disclosed for use in the production of nitric acid and which provides for feed-effluent heat exchange and integrated nitrogen dioxide absorption. The apparatus includes a core structure having first and second groups of diffusion bonded corrosion resistant metal plates having fluid flow channel systems formed therein. A feed-effluent heat exchange system is provided by first channel systems of the first and second groups of plates being juxtaposed in heat exchange relationship and an absorption system is provided by second channel systems of the first and second groups of plates being juxtaposed in heat exchange relationship.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于生产硝酸并提供进料 - 出水热交换和一体二氧化氮吸收的热交换装置。 该装置包括具有第一和第二组扩散接合的耐腐蚀金属板的芯结构，其中形成有流体流动通道系统。 进料 - 流出物热交换系统由第一和第二组板的第一通道系统以热交换关系并置提供，并且吸收系统由第一和第二组板的第二通道系统以热交换并置 关系。
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公开(公告)号：US4367204A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-04
申请号：US254776
申请日：1981-04-16
申请人： Gabor Klopp , Jozsef Suto , Karoly Szasz , Imre Szebenyi , Gabor Winkler , Miklos Machacs , Gyorgy Palmai
发明人： Gabor Klopp , Jozsef Suto , Karoly Szasz , Imre Szebenyi , Gabor Winkler , Miklos Machacs , Gyorgy Palmai
CPC分类号： B01D53/04 , C01B21/262 , B01D2253/108 , B01D2257/404 , B01D2259/40086 , B01D2259/402
摘要： The invention is regeneration and recirculation of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a nitric acid plant without using any material current and heat energy other than that generated in the process of producing nitric acid. Nitrogen oxide is recovered by at least two adsorbers each containing an acid resistant zeolite molecular sieve and operating in an alternate heat cycle; adsorption occurring at 20-40 degrees C. and regeneration at 300-350 degrees C. The hot gas exiting from the oxidation unit used in the production of nitric acid is used to regenerate the adsorbers and the nitrogen oxides set free during the said regeneration are introduced into the main feed stream of the nitric acid plant. In the final stage of the regeneration the adsorbers are cooled by rinsing them with exhaust gas or air at a temperature of 20-40 degrees C.
摘要翻译： 本发明是硝酸设备的废气中的氮氧化物的再生和再循环，而不使用在生产硝酸的过程中产生的任何材料的电流和热能。 通过至少两个各自含有耐酸沸石分子筛的吸附器回收氮氧化物并在交替的热循环中操作; 吸附发生在20-40摄氏度，再生于300-350摄氏度。从用于生产硝酸的氧化装置出来的热气用于再生吸附剂，在再生过程中释放的氮氧化物是 引入硝酸厂的主要进料流。 在再生的最后阶段，通过在20-40℃的温度下用废气或空气冲洗吸附器来冷却吸附器。
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公开(公告)号：US20150376010A1
公开(公告)日：2015-12-31
申请号：US14766078
申请日：2014-02-07
CPC分类号： C01B21/40 , B01J19/24 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/24 , C01B21/262
摘要： In a process for preparing nitric acid, nitrogen oxides are first generated in an ammonia combustion plant (2), and these are then supplied to at least one absorption tower (4, 5). In the absorption tower (4, 5), the nitrogen oxides are contacted in the water and oxygen, with at least partial reaction of the nitrogen-containing gas mixture with the water and the oxygen to form an aqueous nitric acid-containing solution which collects at the base of the absorption tower (4, 5) and is subsequently compressed and introduced via a riser line (12, 14, 21) back into the absorption tower (4, 5). In order to minimize the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the offgas from such a plant, it is proposed in accordance with the invention that oxygen be introduced in liquid form or gaseous form into a region of the riser line (12, 14, 21) that is lower in a geodetic sense. This promotes the dissolution of the oxygen and the reaction of the oxygen with likewise dissolved nitrogen oxides to give nitric acid.
摘要翻译： 在制备硝酸的方法中，首先在氨燃烧装置（2）中产生氮氧化物，然后将其供应至少一个吸收塔（4,5）。 在吸收塔（4,5）中，氮氧化物在水和氧气中接触，含氮气体混合物与水和氧的至少部分反应形成含硝酸的含水溶液， 在吸收塔（4,5）的基部处，并随后经由提升管线（12,14,21）压缩并引入到吸收塔（4,5）中。 为了使来自这种植物的废气中的氮氧化物的浓度最小化，根据本发明提出，将氧气以液体形式或气态引入到提升管线（12,14,21）的区域中， 在大地测量中较低。 这促进氧的溶解和氧与同样溶解的氮氧化物的反应，得到硝酸。
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公开(公告)号：US3996005A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-07
申请号：US622300
申请日：1975-10-14
申请人： Leo E. Topol
发明人： Leo E. Topol
CPC分类号： C01B21/262 , C01B13/10 , G01N31/00 , G01N33/0013 , Y10T436/178459 , Y10T436/206664
摘要： Small amounts of NO.sub.2 and O.sub.3 in air are determined by utilizing the reactions of these gases with solid alkali metal halides to produce halogen, and the reaction of NO.sub.2 with various salts such as PbI.sub.2 to produce NO; halogens produced from the reaction may be measured by the use of an electrolytic cell, the output of which is dependent on the halogen concentration of the gas contacting one electrode thereof, while the NO concentration may be determined by the chemiluminescence technique.
摘要翻译： 通过利用这些气体与固体碱金属卤化物的反应产生卤素，以及NO2与各种盐如PbI 2的反应产生NO来确定空气中少量的NO 2和O 3。 由反应产生的卤素可以通过使用电解池来测量，电解池的输出取决于与其一个电极接触的气体的卤素浓度，而NO浓度可以通过化学发光技术来确定。
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公开(公告)号：US3870468A
公开(公告)日：1975-03-11
申请号：US26354372
申请日：1972-06-16
发明人： NETI RADHAKRISHNA M
CPC分类号： C01B21/262 , G01N21/766 , G01N31/00 , G01N33/0013 , Y10T436/178459
摘要： A method and apparatus for converting nitrogen dioxide to nitric oxide for the ultimate reaction with ozone to cause a chemiluminescent reaction, the intensity of which is a function of the nitric oxide concentration. The method comprises passing the nitrogen dioxide through a small, confined volume and applying concentrated heat to the volume in the presence of suitable amounts of vitreous carbon. In one preferred embodiment the apparatus includes a quartz container and a filament constructed of vitreous carbon. In an alternative embodiment, loose vitreous carbon or a vitreous carbon rod is confined within the quartz container, and heat is applied by a heated stainless steel or nichrome filament surrounding the quartz container.
摘要翻译： 用于将二氧化氮转化为一氧化氮以与臭氧最终反应以引起化学发光反应的方法和装置，其强度是一氧化氮浓度的函数。 该方法包括使二氧化氮通过小的限制体积，并在合适量的玻璃碳存在下将浓缩的热量施加到体积上。 在一个优选实施例中，该装置包括石英容器和由玻璃碳构成的细丝。 在替代实施例中，松散的玻璃碳或玻璃碳棒被限制在石英容器内，并且通过围绕石英容器的加热的不锈钢或镍铬丝来施加热量。
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公开(公告)号：US3663167A
公开(公告)日：1972-05-16
申请号：US3663167D
申请日：1970-09-21
申请人： HERCULES INC
发明人： VRY FRANK E DE
IPC分类号： C01B21/26
CPC分类号： C01B21/26 , B01J2219/00078 , B01J2219/00094 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00182 , C01B21/262
摘要： Process, integrated with ammonia air oxidation, for the manufacture of nitric oxide of at least 99 percent purity comprising the steps of (1) effecting the ammonia oxidation, (2) maintaining maximum NO content in the oxidation effluent, and then contacting the effluent with nitric acid to convert the NO to NO2, (3) cooling the NO2 containing gas product to condense the NO2 therefrom as liquid N2O4, (4) passing the liquid N2O4 into a packed converter tower and therein at least partially vaporizing the liquid; passing resulting vaporization product upwardly through the tower packing and passing water or weak nitric acid into the tower and downwardly through the packing in countercurrent flow reaction contact with the vaporization product, and then into the zone of said vaporization and reaction contact with any unvaporized liquid, and vaporization product to convert substantially all of the initially added liquid dinitrogen tetroxide to nitric oxide gas product containing minor contaminant amounts of NO2, HNO3 and water, (5) water-scrubbing the NO2 and HNO3 contaminants from the NO gas product to form resulting water-wet NO gas product containing, on an anhydrous basis, at least 99 percent NO, and (6) dehydrating the water-wet NO gas product to form said NO of at least 99 weight percent purity. Strong nitric acid is formed in the converter tower as by-product.
摘要翻译： 与氨空气氧化相结合的方法，用于制造纯度至少为99％的一氧化氮，包括以下步骤：（1）进行氨氧化，（2）保持氧化流出物中的最大NO含量，然后使流出物与 硝酸将NO转化为NO2，（3）冷却含NO 2气体产物以将NO 2作为液体N2O4冷凝，（4）将液体N2O4通入填料转炉塔并在其中至少部分蒸发液体; 使所产生的蒸发产物向上通过塔填料并将水或弱硝酸通入塔中，并向下通过填料与逆流反应接触蒸发产物，然后进入与任何未蒸发的液体的蒸发和反应接触的区域， 和蒸发产物 - 将基本上所有初始添加的液体四氧化二氮转化成含有少量NO 2，HNO 3和水的少量污染物的一氧化氮气体产物，（5）从NO气体产物中水洗涤NO 2和HNO 3污染物以形成 水无水气体产物，其以无水方式含有至少99％的NO，和（6）使水湿NO气体产物脱水以形成至少99重量％纯度的所述NO。 在转炉塔中形成强硝酸作为副产物。
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公开(公告)号：US20180105419A1
公开(公告)日：2018-04-19
申请号：US15782158
申请日：2017-10-12
发明人： Daniel BIRKE
CPC分类号： C01B21/38 , B01D53/00 , B01D53/8625 , B01J7/00 , C01B21/262 , C01B21/28 , C01C1/12 , C02F1/04
摘要： A process for preparing nitric acid may involve vaporizing ammonia in at least one first ammonia vaporizer to produce an ammonia gas, oxidizing this ammonia gas to nitrogen dioxide in a plant section of a nitric acid plant, and absorbing the nitrogen dioxide in water to produce nitric acid. A residual gas containing nitrous gases may be taken off from the plant section of the nitric acid plant and conveyed to a residual-gas cleaning apparatus. The residual gas containing nitrous gases may be reduced by means of ammonia in the residual-gas cleaning apparatus, wherein ammonia-containing wastewater obtained in the at least one first ammonia vaporizer may be conveyed to the residual-gas cleaning apparatus. Such a process may eliminate or at least substantially reduce ammonia-containing wastewater. Furthermore, a plant can be used in this process for preparing nitric acid.
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8.发明申请PROCESS FOR PREPARING NITRIC ACID WITH A CONCENTRATION IN THE RANGE FROM 50 TO 77.8% BY WEIGHT 有权制剂浓度范围为50〜77.8％的硝酸工艺公开(公告)号：US20100181530A1
公开(公告)日：2010-07-22
申请号：US12601534
申请日：2008-07-08
IPC分类号： C09K3/00
CPC分类号： C01B21/40 , C01B21/262
摘要： What is proposed is a process for preparing nitric acid with a concentration in the range from 50 to 77.8% by weight by catalytic gas phase oxidation of ammonia (1) with a superstoichiometric proportion of process air (2) to obtain a gas mixture (3) comprising NO and O2, cooling/condensation of the gas mixture (3) comprising NO and O2, in the course of which NO is oxidized further by O2 to NO2/N2O4 to obtain an aqueous solution (4) comprising nitric acid and a gas stream (5) comprising NO2/N2O4 and countercurrent absorption of the NO2/N2O4 from the gas stream (5) comprising NO2/N2O4 in process water (H2O) in an absorber (A) to obtain the nitric acid (7) with a concentration in the range from 50 to 77.8% by weight and an NOx comprising absorber offgas (6), wherein the water content of the nitric acid (7) is regulated to a concentration in the range from 50 to 77.8% by weight and the NOx content of the absorber offgas (6) to a concentration in the range from 20 to 500 ppm, by continuously measuring the water content of the process air (2) supplied to the catalytic gas phase oxidation and, as a function of this, adjusting the amount of process water (Q-H2O) fed to the absorber (A).
摘要翻译： 提出的方法是用超化学计量比例的工艺空气（2）通过氨（1）的催化气相氧化制备浓度在50至77.8重量％范围内的硝酸的方法以获得气体混合物（3 ），其包含NO和O 2的气体混合物（3）的冷却/冷凝，其中NO通过O 2进一步氧化成NO 2 / N 2 O 4，以获得包含硝酸和气体的水溶液（4） 包含NO 2 / N 2 O 4的流（5）和来自在吸收器（A）中的处理水（H 2 O）中的包含NO 2 / N 2 O 4的气流（5）的NO 2 / N 2 O 4的逆流吸收，以获得具有浓度的硝酸 在50至77.8重量％的范围内，和包含吸收剂废气（6）的NOx，其中将硝酸（7）的含水量调节至50至77.8重量％的浓度，并且NOx含量 的吸收剂废气（6）浓度达到20〜500ppm的浓度 y测量供应到催化气相氧化的工艺空气（2）的含水量，并且作为其功能，调节进料到吸收器（A）的工艺用水（Q-H 2 O）的量。
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公开(公告)号：US3840342A
公开(公告)日：1974-10-08
申请号：US15947071
申请日：1971-07-02
CPC分类号： G01N21/766 , C01B21/262 , Y10T436/178459
摘要： The method of converting nitrogen dioxide to nitric oxide which includes maintaining the nitrogen dioxide at a temperature from about 40*C to about 130*C. The nitrogen dioxide is exposed to ultraviolet radiation, whereby the nitrogen dioxide is converted to nitric oxide. A method of measuring nitrogen dioxide utilizing this conversion is also disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：US3576606A
公开(公告)日：1971-04-27
申请号：US3576606D
申请日：1969-07-08
申请人： HERCULES INC
发明人： VRY FRANK E DE
CPC分类号： B01J14/00 , B01J19/2415 , B01J2219/00078 , B01J2219/00094 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00182 , C01B21/262 , Y10S261/72
摘要： A REACTION COLUMN FOR CONTINUOUSLY CONVERTING NITROGEN TETROXIDE INTO ANHYDROUS NITRIC OXIDE OF HIGH PURITY WITH STRONG NITRIC ACID AS A CO-PRODUCT ACCORDING TO THE EQUATION 3NO2+H2O->NO+2HNO3. THE COLUMN IS PACKED AND EVEN DISTRIBUTION OF GAS AND LIQUID THROUGHOUT ITS HEIGHTS IS ACHIEVED BY DISTRIBUTORS AND REDISTRIBUTORS POSITIONED WITHIN THE PACKING IN EFFECTIVE ARRANGEMENT WITH THE NO2 AND H2 FEED INLETS. THE NO2 FEED ENTERS THE COLUMN AS LIQUID N2O4. THE COLUMN FURTHER INCLUDES AN ENTRAINMENT SEPARATOR LOCATED WITHIN THE COLUMN AND ABOVE THE UPPERMOST DISTRIBUTOR AND A HEATING MEANS LOCATED WITHIN SAID COLUMN AT THE BASE THEREOF TO STRIP NO2 FROM THE NITRIC ACID CO-PRODUCT PRIOR TO ITS EGRESS FROM THE COLUMN.
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