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41 条记录 (耗时 0.012 秒)

    Process for the separation of amides from nitriles
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for the separation of amides from nitriles 失效
    从腈中分离酰胺的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4575434A

    公开(公告)日：1986-03-11

    申请号：US656083

    申请日：1984-09-28

    申请人： Dieter Frank ,  Lincoln D. Metcalfe ,  John Y. G. Park

    发明人： Dieter Frank ,  Lincoln D. Metcalfe ,  John Y. G. Park

    IPC分类号： C07C255/02 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C253/00 ,  C07C253/34 ,  C07C255/06 ,  C07C120/08 ,  C07C121/16

    CPC分类号： C07C253/34

    摘要： A process for the removal of impurities comprising amides from a solution comprising nitriles and the impurities. A reaction mixture is formed which includes the solution, a layered mineral comprising aluminum silicates having exchangeable alkaline or alkaline earth cations on the surfaces of the layers and an acid which has an acid strength sufficient to protonate the amides at amide protonation conditions, but in which the solubility of the salt of the acid and exchangeable cation at those conditions is such that the equilibrium of the protonation reaction is substantially in the direction of the amides remaining in a protonated form. The water content of the reaction mixture must be less than about 0.5 wt. % for substantially all of the reaction time. The reaction mixture is maintained for a sufficient time at the amide protonation conditions for protonation of the amides and exchange of the protonated amides and exchangeable cations to occur, the protonated amides adhering to the surfaces of the layers. Nitriles having a reduced content of impurities may then be separated from the reaction mixture. Effective means of separation are rotating drum vacuum filters, preferably two in series.

    摘要翻译： 从包含腈和杂质的溶液中除去包含酰胺的杂质的方法。 形成反应混合物，其包括溶液，包含在层的表面上具有可交换的碱土金属或碱土金属阳离子的硅酸铝的层状矿物和具有足以在酰胺质子化条件下质子化酰胺的酸强度的酸，但其中 在这些条件下，酸和可交换阳离子的盐的溶解度使得质子化反应的平衡基本上在以质子化形式保留的酰胺的方向上。 反应混合物的水含量必须小于约0.5wt。 ％用于基本上所有的反应时间。 在酰胺质子化条件下将反应混合物保持足够的时间，以使酰胺质子化，并质子化的酰胺和可交换的阳离子交换发生，质子化的酰胺附着在层的表面上。 然后可以将具有降低的杂质含量的腈与反应混合物分离。 有效的分离方式是旋转鼓式真空过滤器，优选两个串联。

    COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR DETECTING NERVE AGENTS
    7.
    发明申请
    COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR DETECTING NERVE AGENTS 有权
    用于检测神经病原体的组合物和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20100130757A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-05-27

    申请号：US12691636

    申请日：2010-01-21

    申请人： Robert C. Corcoran ,  Aaron D. Strickland

    发明人： Robert C. Corcoran ,  Aaron D. Strickland

    IPC分类号： C07D311/82 ,  C07C229/28 ,  C07C255/02 ,  C07C251/32 ,  C07C237/14 ,  C07C211/00

    CPC分类号： G01N33/523 ,  G01N33/54386 ,  G01N2500/00 ,  Y10T436/16 ,  Y10T436/163333

    摘要： The present invention provides methods and compositions for detecting, identifying and measuring the abundance of chemical nerve agents. Methods and compositions of the present invention are capable of providing selective detection of phosphorous based nerve agents, such as nerve agents that are esters of methyl phosphonic acid derivatives incorporating a moderately good leaving group at the phosphorus. Selectivity in the present invention is provided by a sensor composition having an alpha (α) effect nucleophile group that undergoes specific nucleophilic substitution and rearrangement reactions with phosphorus based nerve agents having a tetrahederal phosphorous bound to oxygen. The present invention includes embodiments employing a sensor composition further comprising a reporter group covalently linked to the alpha effect nucleophile group allowing rapid optical readout of nerve agent detection events, including direct visual readout and optical readout via spectroscopic analysis.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供用于检测，鉴定和测量化学神经药物丰度的方法和组合物。 本发明的方法和组合物能够提供磷基神经药剂的选择性检测，所述神经药剂是在磷中结合中度良好离去基团的甲基膦酸衍生物的酯的神经药物。 本发明的选择性由具有α（α）效应亲核基团的传感器组合物提供，该亲核基团与具有与氧结合的四氢磷的磷基神经试剂进行特异性亲核取代和重排反应。 本发明包括使用传感器组合物的实施方案，该传感器组合物还包含共价连接到α效应亲核试剂组的报告基团，允许快速光学读出神经代谢物检测事件，包括通过光谱分析的直接目视读出和光学读出。

    Process for producing aliphatic tricarbonitriles
    9.
    发明申请
    Process for producing aliphatic tricarbonitriles 失效
    生产脂肪族三羰腈的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20020007081A1

    公开(公告)日：2002-01-17

    申请号：US09893858

    申请日：2001-06-28

    发明人： Michael Schelhaas ,  Manfred Jautelat

    IPC分类号： C07C255/02

    CPC分类号： C07C253/00 ,  C07C255/05

    摘要： The present invention relates to a process for producing tricarbonitriles corresponding to formula I 1 wherein n is an integer from 2 to 11 by forming an intermediate in the presence of a strong base in a first stage from an aliphatic null-null-dinitrile corresponding to formula II 2 wherein n is an integer from 3 to 12, and reacting the intermediate in a second stage to form a trinitrile corresponding to formula I by the addition of acrylonitrile.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种制备相应于式Ⅰ的三羰基腈的方法，其中n为2至11的整数，通过在第一阶段中在强碱存在下由相应于式II的脂族α-ω-二腈形成中间体 其中n为3-12的整数，并在第二阶段使中间体与丙烯腈相加形成对应于式I的三腈。