摘要:
A process for producing yeast cells by culturing in a culture liquor containing methanol and/or ethanol as main carbon sources a yeast belonging to the species Pichia aganobii and capable of assimilating methanol and/or ethanol, and separating the cells of said yeast from the culture liquor.
摘要:
Many yeasts are capable of growing in culture media which contain propionate and n-butyrate ions as the principal or the sole significant source of carbon. Propionic and butyric acid are waste products of the petrochemical industry, and the yeast cells are a valuable feed supplement.
摘要:
Protein concentrates are obtained in a process which includes: 1. Cultivating a hydrocarbon-consuming micro-organism in the presence of an aqueous nutrient medium, a hydrocarbon and a gas containing free oxygen; 2. CONTACTING THE CULTIVATED MICRO-ORGANISM FROM (1.) AT A TEMPERATURE BELOW THAT WHICH SUPPORTS ACTIVE FERMENTATION OF THE MICRO-ORGANISM WITH A GAS CONTAINING FREE OXYGEN IN THE PRESENCE OF AN AQUEOUS NUTRIENT MEDIUM CONTAINING A THIOSULFATE COMPOUND, E.G., SODIUM THIOSULFATE, AND A GAS CONTAINING FREE OXYGEN IN THE ABSENCE OF ADDED HYDROCARBON; AND 3. RECOVERING FROM (2.) A MICRO-ORGANISM HAVING (A) A PROTEIN CONTENT GREATER THAN THAT OF THE MICRO-ORGANISM OBTAINED IN (1.) AND (B) A SULFUR-CONTAINING AMINO ACID, E.G., CYSTINE AND METHIONINE, CONTENT GREATER THAN THAT OF THE MICRO-ORGANISM OBTAINED IN (1.).
摘要:
When carrying out continuous biologically catalyzed reactions with anaerobic microorganisms attached to a support in an upflow packed bed column, growth of the microorganisms is restricted to prevent the microorganisms from plugging the column by limiting the availability of an essential nutrient and/or by the presence of predatory protozoa which consume the anaerobic microorganisms. A membrane disruptive detergent may be provided in the column to lyse dead microorganisms to make them available as nutrients for live microorganisms.
摘要:
Wort is continuously supplied to a circuit including an elongated closed channel and through which micro-organisms are fed. After fermentation has taken place in the circuit, the mixture of wort and micro-organisms is centrifuged to separate it into fermented wort, a living cell mass and impurities, these three components being separately discharged from the centrifuge. The separate discharges of fermented wort and living cell mass are continuous, and the latter discharge includes an excess of living cells formed in the circuit, an amount of cell mass corresponding to this excess being discharged from the circuit.
摘要:
Alcohol or an alcoholic beverage is produced by a process wherein a mash of cereal grains and liquefying enzymes is cooked at a temperature of from 75.degree. C to 85.degree. C which is lower than the temperature of maximum viscosity for the mash and which is higher than the sterilization temperature of undesirable microorganisms in the mash which grow during fermentation with yeast. After cooking, the mash is cooled, saccharifying enzymes are added, the resultant mash is fermented with yeast to produce alcohol and the alcohol is distilled.
摘要:
Vodka is produced by a process involving fermenting pre-pasteurized and cooled whey with Candida or Torulopsis yeast to form a mash containing ethanol and products of proteolysis, recovering the ethanol and products of proteolysis from the mash, rectifying the ethanol and purifying it from the products of proteolysis and diluting the resultant purified ethanol with deproteinized whey. This process makes it possible to make a high quality vodka and replace scarce grain, potato and beet raw materials currently used to produce vodka.
摘要:
Alcohol is manufactured from cellulosic materials by a one-step process involving the simultaneous reaction of a cellulosic material, a cellulase and an alcohol-producing microorganism.
摘要:
IN THE CULTIVATION OF MICRO-ORGANISMS, A LIQUID HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK IS EMPLOYED CONTAINING AT LEAST 70% BY WEIGHT OF LINEAR PARAFFINIC HYDROCARBONS. THE GROWING STEP IS CONDUCTED IN THE PRESENCE OF A GAS-CONTAINING MOLECULAR OXYGEN AND WITH A NUTRIENT AQUEOUS MEDIUM CONTAINING; (A) ASSIMILABLE NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS; (B) OLIGOELEMENTS SUCH AS TRACE AMOUNTS OF COPPER, COBALT, IRON, MOLYBDENUM AND MANGANESE COMPOUNDS; (C) GROWTH FACTORS SUCH AS YEAST, ETC.; AND (D) ESSENTIAL MINERAL ELEMENTS SUCH AS POTASSIUM, AMMONIUM AND MAGNESIUM IONS. THE MICRO-ORGANISMS ARE THEN RECOVERED FROM AT LEAST THE MAJOR PART OF UNCONVERTED HYDROCARBONS, PREFERABLY BY DECANTATION, AND THEN SUBJECTED TO A MATURATION STEP IN AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM SIMILAR TO THE NUTRITIVE AQUEOUS MEDIUM, BUT DEPRIVED OF AT LEAST ONE OF THE ESSENTIAL MINERAL ELEMENTS.