Abstract:
An apparatus an ion beam generator to provide an ion beam. A scanning system may receive the ion beam and provide a scanned beam. An electrode may receive the scanned beam. At least a portion of the electrode is normal to a propagation direction of the scanned beam. The portion of the electrode that is normal to the propagation direction the scan beam may have a curved shape.
Abstract:
A klystron device comprises an array of cold-cathode field emission elements arranged to form a distributed amplifier which further comprises a modulation strip line and a catcher strip line. A collector electrode is spaced from the catcher strip line. The device may include a deflector for returning electrons emitted by the elements back to the modulation strip line so that the device acts as an oscillator.