Abstract:
An optimized gasification/vitrification processing system having a gasification unit which converts organic materials to a hydrogen rich gas and ash in communication with a joule heated vitrification unit which converts the ash formed in the gasification unit into glass, and a plasma which converts elemental carbon and products of incomplete combustion formed in the gasification unit into a hydrogen rich gas.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a method and a plant for producing hydrocarbon based fuels from waste and biomass including wood and/or other cellulose containing biomass, where biomass and/or waste is gasified in anaerobic conditions, heating the formed syngas in for decomposition and subsequent condensation in anaerobic conditions, subjecting the heat treated biosyngas to cleaning measures for removing elements/compounds which are poisonous towards the catalysts of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and passing the cleaned heat treated biosyngas through a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for production of biofuels.
Abstract:
A gasifier (1) is disclosed combining a fixed bed gasification section (4, 5, 8, 11 and 13) where coarse fuel entering through inlet (2) is gasified and an entrained flow gasification section (7) where fine fuel entering through one or more tangentially fired burners (19) or from a combustion gasification cylindrical chamber (18) is gasified. The fixed bed section includes upper (4 and 5) and lower (8, 11 and 13) sections. Coarse fuel is devolatilized in the upper fixed bed section (4 and 5) and subjected to elevated temperatures sufficient to crack and destroy tars and oils in the effluent gases. The entrained flow gasification section (17) is disposed in a lower plenum adjacent the lower fixed bed section (13). A plurality of injection ports (6, 10) is configured to introduce oxygen, steam, or air into different sections of the gasifier (1) to control temperature and operating conditions. Activated carbon may be formed in the upper fixed bed section (4, 5, 8, 11 and 13) and in the entrained flow section (17). The activated carbon may be used as a sorbent to remove pollutants from the effluent gases leaving the gasifier (1) through exit pipe (15). The gasifier (1) may be used with various coarse and fine fuel feedstocks.
Abstract:
A gasification melting furnace which is used to prevent the occurring of low-temperature regions in the gasification melting furnace and concentrate a firing point for incineration of wastes, and which comprises a vertically-movable furnace-center lance for blowing a combustion-support gas downward along a furnace shaft into the furnace, an upper tuyere in at least one stage so disposed as to deviate a combustion-support gas blowing angle from a furnace shaft direction, and a lower tuyere in at least one stage installed so as to project into the inside of the furnace at a location for blowing the combustion-support gas or the combustion-support gas and fuel toward the furnace shaft, whereby it is possible to recover constantly high-value-added molten slag and various metals and energy gas. When a ratio of firing point diameter: df formed by the furnace-center lance to a furnace inner diameter: D is so controlled by vertically moving the lance as to be df/D
Abstract:
Le procédé se caractérise en ce qu'un matériau gazéifiable est alimenté au moyen d'un dispositif hélicoïdal (3) vers un tambour (1) pourvu d'écrans à lèvre (2) et monté dans une enceinte à double coquille (7), le matériau dans le tambour étant déplacé longitudinalement vers une partie de décharge de gaz (4), où le matériau incombustible est déchargé au travers d'une ouverture de descente (5) dans un dispositif hélicoïdal (13) et ensuite au travers d'un canal (14), tandis que l'air à l'arrivée est guidé au moyen des écrans à lèvre vers le fond du tambour dans une direction opposée à la direction de rotation du tambour, afin d'entretenir le flottement du matériau sur le fond. L'espace intermédiaire (7) de l'enceinte refroidit la coquille intérieure et réchauffe l'air primaire (8) admis sous le tambour et aspiré ou circulant de force au travers du tambour, tandis qu'une chambre d'air (9) permet d'assurer la vitesse correcte de l'air d'admission. Le matériau introduit dans le tambour est sous forme compacte et les gaz de fumée s'écoulent au travers d'un assemblage de filtre vibrant (12) contenant généralement de la pierre à chaux et sont ensuite déchargés au travers d'une ouverture (15). Le matériau gazéifiable peut être composé de rebus, de tourbes ou d'un matériau analogue.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a gasifier and/or a gasification process that provides a long, uniform temperature zone in the gasifier, regardless of the particle size, chemical composition, and moisture content of the fuel by sandwiching a reduction zones between two oxidation zones. The gasifier and/or gasification process has a char that is more energy-dense and almost devoid of moisture that affords for an additional (or char) oxidation zone with a temperature that is higher than a first oxidation zone which is closer to a evaporation and de volatilization zone. As such, the additional (or char) oxidation zone contributes to augmenting the reduction zone temperature, thereby providing a favorable dual impact in improving syngas composition and near-complete conversion of the tar.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a method and a plant for producing hydrocarbon based fuels from waste and biomass including wood and/or other cellulose containing biomass, where biomass and/or waste is gasified in anaerobic conditions, heating the formed syngas in for decomposition and subsequent condensation in anaerobic conditions, subjecting the heat treated biosyngas to cleaning measures for removing elements/compounds which are poisonous towards the catalysts of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and passing the cleaned heat treated biosyngas through a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for production of biofuels.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a system for converting the residue of a carbonaceous feedstock gasification or incineration process into an inert slag and a gas having a heating value. The residue is converted by plasma heating in a refractory-lined residue conditioning chamber. The gas produced is optionally passed through a gas conditioning system for cooling and cleaning to provide a product gas that is suitable for use in downstream applications. The system also comprises a control subsystem for optimizing the conversion reaction
Abstract:
Procédé de gazéification de matières carbonées sous forme de particules solides, comprenant un chauffage d'un mélange gazeux formé d'un gaz d'alimentation et de vapeur d'eau dans un réchauffeur (1), une mise en contact, dans un réacteur de gazéification sous pression (2), des particules de matières carbonées et dudit mélange gazeux chauffé avec formation d'un gaz de réaction brut et de cendres non brûlées, une alimentation séparée du réchauffeur en vapeur d'eau, d'une part, et en ledit gaz d'alimentation, d'autre part, un prélèvement séparé, hors du réchauffeur, dudit mélange gazeux en (13) et d'une partie dudit gaz d'alimentation à l'état sec en (16), et dans le réacteur de gazéification, une injection de ce gaz d'alimentation sec et d'un gaz formant avec lui un mélange combustible dans les cendres.
Abstract:
Blocks of organic material (58) are fed from a plurality of directions into a reactor (10) having three zones (16, 18, 19). The material forms a bed (70) atop a bed of consumable carbon catalyst (60). These beds are heated by a series of plasma arc torches (42) mounted in inlets (37) about the reactor. Gas is supplied via inlets (39, 41) from wind drums (38, 40). The superheated gas from the reaction is vented through an outlet (30) and is used to produce electrical energy.