Abstract:
Graphitic structures have been prepared by exposing templates (metal, metal-coated ceramic, graphite, for example) to a gaseous mixture that includes hydrocarbons and oxygen. When the template is metal, subsequent acid treatment removes the metal to yield monoliths, hollow graphitic structures, and other products. The shapes of the coated and hollow graphitic structures mimic the shapes of the templates.
Abstract:
The embodiments relate to an electrochemical cell that includes a first layer including a porous ceramic layer having pore channels. The pore channels can be infiltrated with a conductive coating, and can be sufficiently large that a majority of the pore channels remain open after applying the conductive coating. The cell can include a second layer on the first layer, the second layer including a porous interlayer. The first and second layer can function as an anode or a cathode. The cell can include a third layer including a ceramic membrane, and a cathode positioned on the third layer. The embodiments also relate to a method of making an electrochemical cell.
Abstract:
Es wird unter anderem ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines modifizierten Materials, beispielsweise eines Kohlenstoffmaterials, beschrieben, aufweisend die folgenden Schritte: Erzeugen eines Hochfrequenzfeldes in einer Kammer (2) eines Plasmatrons (1); Einleiten eines Plasmagases in die Kammer (2); Erzeugen eines Plasmas mit dem Plasmagas durch das Hochfrequenzfeld; und Einleiten von Ausgangsmaterial in das Plasma. Weiterhin beschrieben wird ein Plasmatron (1) zur Herstellung eines modifizierten Materials (M), aufweisend: eine Kammer (2), zumindest einen, an zumindest einem Bereich der Kammer (2) angeordneten Hochfrequenzinduktor (3), eine Gaszuleitung (10, 11) zum Einleiten eines Plasmagases in den Bereich eines vom Hochfrequenzinduktors (3) erzeugten Hochfrequenzfeldes, und eine Materialzuleitung (4) zum Einblasen von Ausgangsmaterial mit einem Fördergas in das vom Hochfrequenzinduktor (3) mit dem Plasmagas erzeugten Plasma. Schließlich wird auch ein entsprechend hergestelltes, modifiziertes Kohlenstoffmaterial beschrieben.
Abstract:
Materials and methods of manufacturing materials useful in the forming of fuel cell components are disclosed. A mass of expanded particles of natural graphite is molded into a foraminous sheet having parallel opposed first and second surfaces and having a plurality of transverse fluid channels passing through the sheet between the first and second parallel opposed surfaces. The particles of natural graphite may be either virgin particles, recycled particles or a blend thereof.
Abstract:
A porous carbon base material, which comprises a sheet containing carbon short fibers dispersed randomly and a carbonized resin, wherein the carbon short fibers are bound by the carbonized resin and the volume of pores having a pore diameter of 10 mum or less is 0.05 to 0.16 cc/g; and a method for producing the porous carbon base material, which comprises transporting a precursor fiber sheet comprising carbon short fibers dispersed randomly and a resin intermittently to a space between heated plates, subjecting the precursor to a heating and pressuring treatment by the heated plates while the transformation stops, carrying out the transportation of the sheet after the treatment, and then carrying out a heat treatment, to thereby carbonize the resin in the sheet.
Abstract:
Metallic aerogel compositions comprising an aerogel, e.g., RF or carbon aerogel, having metallic particles dispersed on its surface are disclosed. The aerogel compositions can have a uniform distribution of small metallic particles, e.g., 1 nanometer average particle diameter. Also disclosed are processes for making the aerogel compositions comprising contacting an aerogel with a supercritical fluid containing a metallic compound. The aerogel compositions are useful, for example in the manufacture of fuel cell electrodes.
Abstract:
A process for impregnating a porous part is provided. In one embodiment, the process comprises impregnating the part with an impregnant that is not water soluble, and curing the impregnated part in a water bath. In another embodiment, the process comprises impregnating a part with an impregnant that is not water soluble, washing the impregnated part in a washing solution, and then curing the impregnated part in a water bath.
Abstract:
Processes for preparing aqueous suspensions of a nanoscale ceramic electrolyte material such as yttrium-stabilized zirconia. The invention also includes a process for preparing an aqueous coating slurry of a nanoscale ceramic electrolyte material. The invention further includes a process for depositing an aqueous spray coating slurry including a ceramic electrolyte material on pre-sintered, partially sintered, and unsintered ceramic substrates and products made by this process.
Abstract:
A flexible seal for use in a solid state oxide fuel cell stack is formed from a fibre matrix impregnated with a plurality of solid particles. The fibres and particles are preferably ceramic and may be formed from alumina or zirconia. The seal may be formed by dipping the fibre matrix into a slurry of the particles in an alcohol, drying the seal and precompressing prior to installation in the fuel cell stack.
Abstract:
The method involves preparing the prepreg and pressing, hardening and carbonizing said prepreg, which then undergoes heat treatment at a temperature ranging between 70 and 1.100 DEG C. The prepreg is filled with an inert substance comprising a charge and a polymeric ligand in a quantity surpassing the volume of holes of the monolayer tissue, which is calculated by means of formula (1), wherein mn represents the inert substance material, dn represents the inert substance density, a is the length of the prepreg, b is the width of the prepreg, h is the thickness of the prepreg, mpr is the prepreg mass and dfib is the fiber density. The prepreg is then heated at a temperature ranging between 160 DEG C and 200 DEG C while applying simultaneously a pressure ranging between 1 and 5 MPa. The method can be used to manufacture composites with a matrix containing carbon and variable porosity, for instance fuel cell current collectors with electrode aggregates, porous electrochemical electrodes or filtering elements.