Abstract:
A continuous mixer/reactor and a mixing process are provided in which materials flow in an orderly fashion along the length of a channel (9) and the materials are mixed in a direction transverse to the axis of the channel (9) by the provision of agitator elements (5, 7) within the channel (9) and shaking the channel (9) so that the agitator elements (5, 7) move within the channel (9) in the radial direction of the channel (9).
Abstract:
The present invention provides isothermal multitube reactors suitable for the production of chlorinated and/or fluorinated propene and higher alkenes from the reaction of chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkanes and chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkenes. The reactors utilize a feed mixture inlet temperature at least 20°C different from a desired reaction temperature.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the trimerisation of butadiene to form cyclododecatriene by continuously feeding butadiene into a main reactor volume, for producing a reaction mixture in the main reactor volume which comprises non-converted butadiene and cyclododecatriene, and for providing isothermic conditions in the main reactor volume by tempering the reaction mixture. Said method also continuously the following steps: the reaction mixture produced in the main reactor volume is continuously guided into a post-reactor volume and converts at least one part of the non-converted butadiene in the post-reactor volume into cyclododecatriene. Said reaction mixture provided in the post reactor volume is essentially in adiabatic equilibrium. The invention also relates to a reactor arrangement for carrying out said method comprising a main reactor and a secondary reactor. Subsequently, in accordance with the inventive method, the temperature difference is detected for determining the butadiene concentration in the main reactor and for monitoring the operation or the method.
Abstract:
Techniques are provided for the prevention of reactor fouls in polymerization reactors. A technique is provided for limiting polymer particle size to prevent or limit the occurrence of reactor fouls associated with large polymer particles. A technique is also provided for measuring reactor temperature at one or more local hot spots of the reactor and for controlling the polymerization reaction based upon these temperature measurements. In particular, control of the reaction may be based on the hottest temperature, such that the hottest temperature in the reactor is maintained within the reactor fouling curve. A technique is also discussed for predicting reactor fouls by using statistical analyses, such as periodogram analysis, to identify leading indicators of impending fouls. Preventative measures may be performed upon identification of such a leading indicator. In addition, the statistical analyses may be used to identify catalysts having less propensity to foul.
Abstract:
A storage and transport container for chemical reagent that is susceptible to physical state change under variable ambient temperature conditions. In one implementation, the container includes a monitor for determining phase state of the chemical reagent contained in the container, and a heater arranged to heat the chemical reagent in response to phase state monitored by the phase state monitor, so as to maintain the chemical reagent in a liquid state. The container is particularly suited for chemical reagents having high freezing point, such as octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS).
Abstract:
A reactor system for gas phase reacting of at least two fluid feed streams, where the reactor system has an injectively-mixed backmixing reaction chamber in fluid communication with a tubular-flow reactor. The injectively-mixed backmixing reaction chamber has a bulkhead that slides during real-time operation to either diminish or expand the internal volume of the backmixing reaction chamber. In one embodiment, the effective passageway space through the bulkhead is also variably adjustable. In another embodiment, the tubular-flow reactor shares the bulkhead so that axial bulkhead movement commensurately expands one reaction space while diminishing the other reaction space. Input gas streams enter the backmixing reaction chamber with sufficient velocity to turbulently agitate the contents of the injectively-mixed backmixing reaction chamber by injective intermixing of the alkane-containing gas feed stream and the oxygen-containing gas feed stream. A focal application is for direct (partial) oxidative conversion of natural gas to alkyl oxygenates.
Abstract:
A plug flow reactor having an inner shell (27) surrounded by outer shell (21) and having at least one annular flow passage (35) therebetween can be used to prepare compositions, including polymers. The plug flow reactor also includes inlet port (36), an outlet port (37) and a plurality of exchanger tubes (26) wherein the exchanger tubes are in fluid communication to the at least one annular flow passage. Polystyrene and high impact polystyrene can be prepared using the reactor.
Abstract:
A polymer can be prepared using a loop reactor and process including feeding a process stream through the loop reactor and maintaining the loop reactor at a steady state by controlling a flow of coolant fluid to maintain a temperature in the loop reactor at a preset point. The temperature in the loop reactor may be maintained at a preset point by using a coolant fluid flow controller and valve unit having a substantially linear response over the normal operating range of the controller and valve unit. The normal operating range of the controller and valve unit may be sufficient to provide a flow range not limiting to the throughput of the loop reactor.
Abstract:
Techniques are provided for the prevention of reactor fouls in polymerization reactors. A technique is provided for limiting polymer particle size to prevent or limit the occurrence of reactor fouls associated with large polymer particles. A technique is also provided for measuring reactor temperature at one or more local hot spots of the reactor and for controlling the polymerization reaction based upon these temperature measurements. In particular, control of the reaction may be based on the hottest temperature, such that the hottest temperature in the reactor is maintained within the reactor fouling curve. A technique is also discussed for predicting reactor fouls by using statistical analyses, such as periodogram analysis, to identify leading indicators of impending fouls. Preventative measures may be performed upon identification of such a leading indicator. In addition, the statistical analyses may be used to identify catalysts having less propensity to foul.