Abstract:
A tar destruction unit for a biomass gasifier is described, comprising a catalyst and/or heating means situated within the free-board section of the gasifier. Also described is a biomass gasifier having such a tar destruction unit.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for heating a reactor feed in a multi reactor hydrocarbon dehydrogenation process. The methods and systems are advantageously employed for the production of styrene by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. The catalytic dehydrogenation process employs heating steam operating at a steam to oil ratio of about 1.0 or less and relatively low steam superheater furnace temperature, such that all components exposed to steam in the process (outside of the fired heaters) can be constructed with standard metallurgy.
Abstract:
Tube-bundle heat exchange unit (1) for internals of heat exchangers or reactors, comprising: at least one tube bundle (2); a plurality of baffles (3) associated with said tube bundle and defining through-openings according to a predefined arrangement, each opening being passed through by one of more tubes of the tube bundle, and a shell (6) which surrounds said tube bundle and said baffles, wherein the assembly of the tube bundle and the shell can be disassembled and the shell is structurally collaborating with the tube bundle through said baffles.
Abstract:
A reactor arrangement and process for indirectly contacting a reactant stream (A) with a heat exchange stream (B) uses an arrangement of corrugated heat exchange plates (10) to control temperature conditions by varying the number and/or the arrangement of the corrugations (13) along the plates (10). The reactor arrangement and process of this invention may be used to operate a reactor under isothermal or other controlled temperature conditions. The variation in corrugation arrangements within a single heat exchange section is highly useful in maintaining a desired temperature profile in an arrangement having a cross-flow of heat exchange medium relative to reactants. The corrugations arrangement eliminates or minimizes the typical step-wise approach to isothermal conditions.
Abstract:
Das Verfahren dient zum Herstellen eines horizontal durchströmten Adsorbers mit zwei Adsorbentien, der zwei unmittelbar benachbarte Schüttungen in einem liegenden oder stehenden Behälter enthält. Zwischen den beiden Schüttungen besteht eine vertikale Grenzfläche. In einem Schritt wird (a) eine vertikale Trennwand auf den Boden des Adsorptionsbetts gestellt wird und anschließend auf jeder Seite der Trennwand je eines der beiden Adsorbentien bis zu einer ersten Höhe eingefüllt wird, die den oberen Rand des Trennrings nicht überschreitet. In dem folgenden Schritt (b) wird die vertikale Trennwand so weit nach oben verschoben, dass ihr unterer Rand noch in der vorhandenen Schüttung steckt. Dann wird auf jeder Seite der Trennwand je eines der beiden Adsorbentien bis zu einer zweiten Höhe eingefüllt, die den oberen Rand der verschobenen Trennwand nicht überschreitet. Schließlich wird der Schritt (b) so oft wiederholt, bis eine vorbestimmte Füllhöhe erreicht ist. Gemäß der Erfindung ist die vertikale Trennwand aus mindestens drei Trennwandmodulen (6.01) aufgebaut, die sich nur über einen Teil der Länge oder des Umfangs der vertikalen Trennwand erstrecken und unabhängig voneinander in vertikaler Richtung bewegbar sind.
Abstract:
A fuel processor for converting a hydrocarbon or an oxygenate feed stream to produce a fuel stream for a fuel cell is provided wherein the heat required to sustain the reforming reaction and the cooling required to moderate and direct high and low-temperature shift reactions occur in a thermosiphon boiler vessel (100). The thermosiphon boiler vessel (100) provides an essentially isothermal steam generator and heat removal system which improves the stability of the integrated reaction zone by providing a uniform temperature profile and strategic temperature control.
Abstract:
A modifying device having a shift reaction part (10) wherein a hydrogen-rich reformed gas formed from a raw material gas by reactions including partial oxidation in a reforming part (6) is subjected to water gas shift reaction in the presence of a modification catalyst for reducing the CO content thereof and increasing the yield of hydrogen, characterized in that the shift reaction part(10) has a structure such that the reformed gas from the reforming part (6) is directly introduced to a passage (11) for the reformed gas to undergo the shift reaction while exchanging heat with the raw material gas, to thereby allow the reformed gas of a high temperature from the reforming part (6) to undergo the sift reaction as it is and thus the modifying device to have a simple structure. In the modifying device, the modifying reaction is carried out in a wide range of temperature from a high temperature condition wherein a rate of the reaction is high to a low temperature condition wherein equilibrium is advantageous for the reaction. The advantage of the wide temperature range can be utilized and also the structure of the modifying device can be simplified since the temperature control of the modified gas can be dispensed with.
Abstract:
A reactor is disclosed that is configured to provide for a flow of reactant material in one direction and a flow of a coolant material in a direction perpendicular to the flow of reactant material.