Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a surface- emitting laser element having a light-emitting mesa structure with an emitting area including a high- reflectance portion and a low-reflectance portion includes forming a layered body that includes a lower reflecting mirror, a cavity structure, and an upper reflecting mirror on a substrate; forming a first area on an upper surface of the layered body; forming a second area having the same size as the first area on the upper surface of the layered body; forming a light-emitting mesa structure and a monitoring-mesa structure by etching the first area and the second area, respectively; forming a confinement structure including a current passage area surrounded by an oxide in the light-emitting mesa structure and the monitoring-mesa structure; and measuring the size of the current passage area of the monitoring-mesa structure.
Abstract:
Zur Herstellung einer Wellenleiterstruktur in einem oberflächenemittierenden Halbleiterlaser mit einer aktiven Zone (3) und einem Tunnelkontakt (7) auf der p-Seite der aktiven Zone (3), der an eine zweite n-dotierte Halbleiterschicht (8) grenzt, wird vorgeschlagen, in einem ersten epitaktischen Wachstumsprozess auf eine p-dotierte Halbleiterschicht (5) eine n-dotierte Sperrschicht (6, 6a) aufzubringen, die anschliessend zum Teil zur Ausbildung einer Apertur (10) abgetragen wird. In einem zweiten epitaktischen Wachstumsprozess wird dann die für den Tunnelkontakt (7) vorgesehene Schicht auf die verbleibende Sperrschicht (6, 6a) sowie die Apertur (10) aufgebracht. Durch Variation der. Dicke dieser Sperrschicht (6, 6a) lässt sich die laterale Wellenführung und Modenselektion stetig einstellen.
Abstract:
A method of forming a semiconductor device may include forming a semiconductor structure on a substrate wherein the semiconductor structure defines a mesa having a mesa surface opposite the substrate and mesa sidewalls between the mesa surface and the substrate. A first passivation layer can be formed on at least portions of the mesa sidewalls and on the substrate adjacent the mesa sidewalls wherein at least a portion of the mesa surface is free of the first passivation layer and wherein the first passivation layer comprises a first material. A second passivation layer can be formed on the first passivation layer wherein at least a portion of the mesa surface is free of the second passivation layer, and wherein the second passivation layer comprises a second material different than the first material. Related devices are also discussed.
Abstract:
An electronic device may include a substrate and a semiconductor mesa on the substrate. More particularly, the semiconductor mesa may have a mesa base adjacent the substrate, a mesa surface opposite the substrate, and mesa sidewalls between the mesa surface and the mesa base. In addition, the semiconductor mesa may have a first conductivity type between the mesa base and a junction, the junction may be between the mesa base and the mesa surface, and the semiconductor mesa may have a second conductivity type between the junction and the mesa surface. Related methods are also discussed.
Abstract:
Materials suitable for fabricating optical monitors include amorphous, polycrystalline and microcrystalline materials. Semitransparent photodetector materials may be based on silicon or silicon and germanium alloys. Conductors for connecting to and contacting the photodetector may be made from various transparent oxides, including zinc oxide, tin oxide and indium tin oxide. Optical monitor structures based on PIN diodes take advantage of the materials disclosed. Various contact, lineout, substrate and interconnect structures optimize the monitors for integration with various light sources, including vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays. Complete integrated structures include a light source, optical monitor and either a package or waveguide into which light is directed.
Abstract:
Materials suitable for fabricating optical monitors include amorphous, polycrystalline and microcrystalline materials. Semitransparent photodetector materials may be based on silicon or silicon and germanium alloys. Conductors for connecting to and contacting the photodetector may be made from various transparent oxides, including zinc oxide, tin oxide and indium tin oxide. Optical monitor structures based on PIN diodes take advantage of the material disclosed. Various contact, lineout, substrate and interconnect structures optimize the monitors for integration with various light sources, including vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays. Complete integrated structures include a light source, optical monitor and either a package or waveguide into which light is directed.
Abstract:
A near field optical apparatus (14) comprising a conductive sheet or plane (16) having an aperture therein, with the conductive plane (16) including at least one protrusion (20) which extends into the aperture. The location, structure and configuration of the protrusion (20) or protrusions (20) can be controlled to provide desired near field localization of optical power output associated with the aperture. Preferably, the location, structure and configuration of the protrusion (20) are tailored to maximize near field localization at generally the center of the aperture. The aperture preferably has a perimeter dimension which is substantially resonant with the output wavelength of the light source, or is otherwise able to support a standing wave of significant amplitude. The apparatus (14) may be embodied in a vertical cavity surface emitting layer or VCSEL having enhanced near field brightness by providing a conductive layer on the laser emission facet, with a protrusion (20) of the conductive layer extending into an aperture in the emission facet. The aperture in the emission facet preferably has dimensions smaller than the guide mode of the laser, and the aperture preferably defines different regions of reflectivity under the emission facet. The depth of the aperture can be etched to provide a particular target loss, and results in higher optical power extraction from the emission facet.