摘要:
The application discloses a technique for fabricating gallium-arsenide-phosphorous (GaAsP) nanostructures using gallium-assisted (Ga-assisted) Vapour-Liquid-Solid (VLS) growth, i.e. without requiring gold catalyst particles. The resulting Ga-assisted GaAsP nanostructures are free of gold particles, which renders them useful for optoelectronic applications, e.g. as a junction in a solar cell. The Ga-assisted GaAsP nanostructures can be fabricated with a band gap in the range 1.6 to 1.8 eV (e.g. at and around 1.7 eV).
摘要:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Dünnschichtsolarmodul (1) mit Serienverschaltung, welches mindestens umfasst: a) eine Rückelektrodenschicht (3), die durch Strukturierungslinien PR in Bereiche unterteilt ist, b) eine photoaktive Halbleiterschicht (4), die auf der Rückelektrodenschicht (3) angeordnet ist und durch Strukturierungslinien PA unterteilt ist und c) eine Frontelektrodenschicht (5), die auf der, der Rückelektrodenschicht (3) gegenüberliegenden Seite der photoaktiven Halbleiterschicht (4) angeordnet ist und durch Strukturierungslinien PF in Bereiche unterteilt ist, wobei Bereiche der Frontelektrodenschicht (5) mit benachbarten Bereichen der Rückelektrodenschicht (3) über Strukturierungslinien PA in Serienverschaltung elektrisch verbunden sind und die Strukturierungslinien PR mit Ausbuchtungen (7.10) und Kanten (7.11) und die Strukturierungslinien PA mit Ausbuchtungen (7.20) und Kanten (7.21) so zueinander ausgebildet, dass durch eine reduzierte mittlere Wegstrecke des in der photoaktiven Halbleiterschicht (4) erzeugten Stromes durch die Frontelektrodenschicht (5) der ohmsche Verlust verringert ist.
摘要:
Process for the synthesis of nanoparticles comprising oxidation sensitive metals, in particular copper comprising the following steps: Preparation and nucleation of citrate-capped Metal-hydroxide nanoparticles, reduction of the intermediate citrate-capped Metal-hydroxide nanoparticles to Metal 0 by reduction via NaBH 4 Cu 0 nanoparticles with narrow size distribution are obtained by NaBH 4 Li-induced reduction of CUCI 2 2H 2 O in diethylene glycol. The course of the reaction essentially involves an intermediate formation of Cu(OH) 2 nanoparticles as well as the presence of citrate to control the nucleation of almost monodisperse and non-agglomerated Cu 0 nanoparticles. The citrate-capped Cu 0 nanoparticles of the invention are surprisingly stable against air oxidation. Via simple solvent evaporation, porous Cu 0 thin-films are prepared on glass substrates that exhibit bulk-like sheet resistances of 0.23 - 0.42 Ω ϛ after vacuum sintering at 250 °C (bulk-Cu sheet under similar conditions with: 0.3 Ω ϛ ). With these features the as-prepared, citrate-capped Cu 0 nanoparticles become highly relevant to electronic devices in particular thin-film electronics, thin-film sensors and high-power batteries.
摘要:
A continuous flow process for the preparation of a colloidal solution of Cu 2 A x SnSey nanoparticles, wherein A is selected from Cd, Hg, Ni and Zn, 0≤x≤1, and 3≤y≤4, which comprises a) mixing in a continuous flow reaction unit under inert atmosphere and at an appropriate temperature, an appropriate amount of each of i) a solution of an A salt in an inert organic solvent; ii) a solution of a Sn salt in an inert organic solvent; iii) a solution of a Cu salt in an inert organic solvent; iv) a Se coordination compound; and, v) one or more stabilising agents selected from primary (C 12 -C 18 )-amine, a (C 12 - C 18 )-carboxylic acid, a (C 10 -C 14 )-phosphonic acid, and a mixture of any of the amines with any of the acids; the inert organic solvent is equal or different for each salt, has a dielectric constant 2 A x SnSe y nanoparticle colloidal solution of step b). A colloidal solution of Cu 2 A x SnSe y nanoparticles with an average size between 1-100 nm, and a variance of the size distribution up to 20%, wherein A is selected from Cd, Hg and Ni, 0≤x≤1, and 3≤y≤4; and uses thereof. And methods for the manufacture of a photovoltaic cell, a photodetector or a thermoelectric device, comprising preparing the colloidal solution as defined above, and applying the colloidal solution onto an appropriate substrate
摘要翻译:一种用于制备Cu2AxSnSey纳米颗粒胶体溶液的连续流动方法,其中A选自Cd,Hg,Ni和Zn,0 = x = 1,和3 = y = 4,其包括a)以连续流动 反应单元在惰性气氛和适当的温度下,适量的各种ⅰ)A盐在惰性有机溶剂中的溶液; ii)Sn盐在惰性有机溶剂中的溶液; iii)Cu盐在惰性有机溶剂中的溶液; iv)Se配位化合物; 和v)一种或多种选自伯(C12-C18) - 胺,(C12-C18) - 羧酸,(C10-C14) - 膦酸和任何胺与任何胺的混合物的稳定剂 的酸; 每种盐的惰性有机溶剂相同或不同,介电常数<10,沸点温度在100-350℃之间; b)以10秒-10分钟的速度逐渐加热混合物至100-350℃之间的温度; 和c)收集步骤b)的所得Cu 2 A x SnSey纳米颗粒胶体溶液。 Cu2AxSnSey纳米颗粒的胶体溶液,其平均尺寸在1-100nm之间,并且尺寸分布的变化高达20%,其中A选自Cd,Hg和Ni,0 = x = 1,并且3 = y = 4; 及其用途。 以及用于制造光伏电池,光电检测器或热电装置的方法,包括制备如上定义的胶体溶液,并将该胶体溶液施加到适当的基底上
摘要:
The invention relates to a resonant diode having a ferromagnetic (FM) tunnel contact for generating an electric current, the amplitude of which is determined by the polarization state of the absorbed light. The invention is essentially characterized by the presence of a stack of semi-conductor layers (B1, W, B2) thus defining a carrier confinement area. The operation principle comprises generating polarized carriers, electron-hole pairs in dual-barrier quantum semi-conductor wells or boxes by the resonant absorption of a light wave having circular or elliptic polarization. The invention can be used as a basic element or in the form of a two-dimensional array as a magnetic memory element, a light polarization detector, or a magnetic field sensor.
摘要:
Designs of extremely high efficiency solar cells are described. A novel alternating bias scheme enhances the photovoltaic power extraction capability above the cell band-gap by enabling the extraction of hot carriers. When applied in conventional solar cells, this alternating bias scheme has the potential of more than doubling their yielded net efficiency. When applied in conjunction with solar cells incorporating quantum wells (QWs) or quantum dots (QDs) based solar cells, the described alternating bias scheme has the potential of extending such solar cell power extraction coverage, possibly across the entire solar spectrum, thus enabling unprecedented solar power extraction efficiency. Within such cells, a novel alternating bias scheme extends the cell energy conversion capability above the cell material band-gap while the quantum confinement structures are used to extend the cell energy conversion capability below the cell band-gap. Light confinement cavities are incorporated into the cell structure in order to allow the absorption of the cell internal photo emission, thus further enhancing the cell efficiency.
摘要:
In one aspect, optoelectronic devices are described herein. In some embodiments, an optoelectronic device comprises a fiber core, a radiation transmissive first electrode surrounding the fiber core, at least one photosensitive inorganic layer surrounding the first electrode and electrically connected to the first electrode, and a second electrode surrounding the inorganic layer and electrically connected to the inorganic layer. In some embodiments, the device comprises a photovoltaic cell.
摘要:
A light-absorbing device comprising a series of photon-absorbing semiconductor substructures, the device comprising: a first semiconductor substructure providing first and second energy states, the difference between the first and second energy states being such as to cause an electron to be promoted from the first energy state to the second energy state upon absorption of a photon of a first energy; and a second semiconductor substructure providing third and fourth energy states, the third energy state being arranged to receive the electron from the second energy state, and the difference between the third and fourth energy states being such as to cause the electron to be promoted from the third energy state to the fourth energy state upon absorption of a subsequent photon of a second energy; wherein the third energy state has a lower energy than the second energy state, such as to cause the electron to dissipate energy as it passes from the second energy state to the third energy state. Also provided is a corresponding method of absorbing light.
摘要:
The present invention is related to a process for the manufacturing of a photovoltaic cell comprising the steps of: - providing a semiconductor substrate said semiconductor substrate comprising an insulating layer on its top surface; - implanting semiconductor ions selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium and their mixture by ionic implantation in the insulating layer for obtaining an implanted insulating layer, the ionic implantation fluence being higher than 1.1017at. /cm2, the maximum semiconductor concentration in the insulating layer after implantation being higher than the solubility of the semiconductor in the insulating layer; - thermally treating the implanted insulating layer for inducing the precipitation of the semiconductor into quantum dots; - depositing at least two conducting contacts for collecting, in use, the generated current.