Abstract:
In an anaerobic membrane bioreactor ("MBR"), a closed anaerobic process tank contains a membrane filter or is connected to an external tank containing a membrane filter. A pocket of biogas accumulates at the top of the process tank. Biogas is taken from the pocket, pumped to the bottom of the membrane filter to provide bubbles to inhibit membrane fouling, and returned to the pocket. Excess biogas produced as the wastewater is degraded is removed from the system and may be used as a product. However, biogas and liquid are maintained in the system at a pressure above atmospheric, for example 10 kPa or more above atmospheric pressure, sufficient to provide at least a material contribution to the transmembrane pressure driving permeation through the membranes. The overall energy requirements of the system may be reduced. Further, with sufficient pressure, suction pumps attached to the membranes may not be required.
Abstract:
In an anaerobic membrane bioreactor ("MBR"), a closed anaerobic process tank contains a membrane filter or is connected to an external tank containing a membrane filter. A pocket of biogas accumulates at the top of the process tank. Biogas is taken from the pocket, pumped to the bottom of the membrane filter to provide bubbles to inhibit membrane fouling, and returned to the pocket. Excess biogas produced as the wastewater is degraded is removed from the system and may be used as a product. However, biogas and liquid are maintained in the system at a pressure above atmospheric, for example 10 kPa or more above atmospheric pressure, sufficient to provide at least a material contribution to the transmembrane pressure driving permeation through the membranes. The overall energy requirements of the system may be reduced. Further, with sufficient pressure, suction pumps attached to the membranes may not be required.
Abstract:
An apparatus for detecting an object capable of emitting light. The apparatus includes a light source (102) and a waveguide (110). The waveguide (110) includes a core layer (112) and a first cladding layer (114). At least one nanowell (120) is formed in at least the first cladding layer (114). The apparatus further includes a light detector (106). The light detector (106) can detect light emitted from a single molecule object contained in the at least one nanowell (120).
Abstract:
A torque-balanced, gas-blocking wireline cable and a method of making the cable includes an electrically conductive cable core for transmitting electrical power and surrounding inner and outer layers of a plurality of armor wires. Gas blocking is achieved by placing a soft polymer layer over the core before the inner wires are cabled thereon. The inner wires imbed partially into the soft polymer layer such that no gaps are left between the inner wires and the core. A second soft polymer layer is optionally extruded over the inner wires before the outer wires are applied. The second soft polymer layer fills any spaces between the inner and outer wire layers and prevents pressurized gas from infiltrating between the wires. The inner wires have larger diameters than the outer wires such that the inner wires carry approximately 60 % of the load and torque imbalance is prevented.
Abstract:
The present invention refers to a method of processing soy by using specific enzyme, in other words, by using a pectinase produced by microorganisms from Aspergillus genre (such as pectinmetilesterase enzyme, produced by the microorganism Aspergillus oryzae; or the enzymes pectintranseliminase, poligalacturonase and pectinesterase, produced by the microorganism Aspergillus niger; or betagluconase (endo- 1,3(4)-), produced by the microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus), which is capable of efficiently producing a processed soy powder and/or liquid with substantially no unpleasant odor, characteristic of products derived from soy, and an ameliorated digestion-absorption coefficient for human body for the human body, using soy in its integral form, in other words, utilizing all nutrients present in soy. It also refers to a processed soy powder and/or liquid with substantially no unpleasant odor, characteristic of products derived from soy, and an ameliorated digestion-absorption coefficient for human body, using soy in its whole form.
Abstract:
A liquid optical deflector comprises a substrate (100) with an electrode layer (102) disposed on the substrate (100). An insulating layer (104) is on the electrode layer (102), which having an exposed region. A first electrode wall (106A) provided with a first insulating wall (108) and a second electrode wall (106B) provided with a second insulating wall (108) right up from the substrate (100). A side wall rights up from the substrate and connects between the first and second electrode walls (106A, 106B) to form a containing space. A first liquid (110) is filled in the containing space in contacting with the electrode layer (102) on the substrate (100). A second liquid (112) is filled in the containing space to have an interface with the first liquid (110) without solving to each other. A cap layer (114) seals over the containing space to form an optical deflector unit.
Abstract:
A semiconductor package (20) includes a die (14) that is interposed, flip-chip style, between an upper lead frame and a lower lead frame (12). The lower lead frame has contacts that are aligned with terminals on the bottom surface of the die. The upper lead frame contacts a terminal on the top side of the die, and the edges of the upper lead frame are bent downward around the edges of the die, giving the upper lead frame a cup shape. The edge of the upper lead frame contact another portion of the lower lead frame, so that all of the contacts of the package are coplanar and can be surface-mounted on a printed circuit board. The terminals of the die are electrically connected to the lead frames by means of solder layers (16,18). The thicknesses of the respective solder layers that connect the die to the lead frames are predetermined to optimize the performance of the package through numerous thermal cycles. This is done by fabricating the lower lead frame with a plurality of mesas 121 and using a double solder reflow process.
Abstract:
A wastewater treatment system using aerobic granules has a large number of sequencing batch reactor tanks with high volumetric exchange rate, a variable cycle length and constant batch volume. The batch reactors are operated for C, N removal and P is removed chemically. SS are removed in a downstream separation step. A continuous flow reactor may comprise an aerobic zone, an alternately aerobic and anoxic zone or discrete aerobic and anoxic zones, and a settling zone. An anaerobic zone may be located at the bottom of a mass of settled granules. Feed may be introduced through the settled granules. An aerobic/anoxic zone may be like a CSTR but with aeration varying in space or time. Sludge granules may move intermittently from an aerobic zone to an aerobic/anoxic zone. A settling zone may have an upflow rate to wash off flocculated biomass. A dual sludge process may be used in which a fraction of unsettled floc is recycled to a region upstream of the granules settler. A fermentation zone may be used to pre-treat feed water or to treat a recycled waste stream, for example a waste stream contain floc.
Abstract:
A method may include receiving, at a device, a signal from a first audio source. Audio content may be output based on the received signal. It may be determined whether a signal strength of the received signal has dropped below a threshold. Audio content may be automatically output from a second audio source when the signal strength of the received signal has dropped below the threshold.