摘要:
The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for coating a substrate (15) using one or more liquid raw materials, comprising: at least one atomizer (2) for atomizing the one or more liquid raw materials into droplets (3), charging means (4; 32) for electrically charging the droplets (3) during or after the atomization and a deposition chamber (16) in which the droplets (3) are deposited on the substrate (15), the deposition chamber (16) being provided with one or more electric fields for guiding the electrically charged droplets (3) on th e substrate (15). According to the invention there is a charging chamber (1) arranged upstream of the deposition chamber (16) and provided with charging means (4) for electrically charging the droplets (3).
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for doping and/or coloring glass. In the method a two- or three-dimensional layer is formed on the surface of the glass, and the layer is further allowed to diffuse and/or dissolve into the glass to change the transmission, absorption, reflection and/or scattering of the electromagnetic radiation of the glass. The layer of nanomaterial comprises at least one component that causes the above-mentioned change and at least one component that lowers the melting point of the above-mentioned component causing the change.
摘要:
A method of modifying a surface of a glass product. The method comprises conveying particles (105), with a diameter of less than 1 micrometre, to the surface of the glass (101 ), a material contained in the particles being at least partly dissolved and diffused in the glass. The method comprises a step of heating the surface of the glass, whereby the dynamic viscosity of the glass changes as a function of the depth in the glass, being lowest at the surface. An apparatus for modifying a surface of a hot glass product comprises means (108) for flame spraying. Glass products wherein the content of an element which provides the glass with a functionality decreases steplessly upon proceeding from the surface of the glass deeper into the glass.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of forming a hydrophobic surface for glass or glazing. The method comprises producing particles having an average aerodynamic particle size of less than 200 nm and guiding the particles further onto the glass surface. The particles to be produced according to the invention are hydrophobic particles and the particles are guided onto the glass surface so that they at least partly dissolve and/or diffuse into the glass surface.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of selective doping of a material by a) radiating a predetermined pre-treated pattern/region into the material, b) treating the material for producing reactive groups in the pre-treated pattern/region, and c) doping the material by the atomic layer deposition method for producing a pattern/region doped with a dopant in the material. The invention further relates to a selectively doped material, a system for preparing a selectively doped material, and use of said method.
摘要:
Method and manufacturing apparatus for forming one or several material layers inside a basic tube (1), which basic tube is used in the manufacture of an optical fiber preform. The surface inside the basic tube (1) is charged electrically by guiding a first electrically charged gas flow inside the basic tube, whereafter a second electrically charged gas flow is guided in the basic tube, said gas flow containing material particles, and the sequentially alternating first gas flow and second gas flow have opposite charges.
摘要:
A preform, a head part for a preform and a method for manufacturing a fibre are described. Said head part being adapted to be attached to a preform of a fibre. Said head part has such a shape that a heat load directed to said preform will be distributed to the cross section of said bulk part in a predetermined manner, like evenly distributing the heat load to the cross section of the preform. When manufacturing a fibre from a preform comprising such a head part the heating of the preform is more controllable thus resulting in a fibre with a better quality.
摘要:
The invention relates to an optical fibre consisting of at least a core part (11) and a cladding part (12), in which cladding partthere are single particles (42) whose refractive index deviates from the refractive index of the material of the cladding part, bymeans of which particles the variations in the refractive index that are necessary for the function of the optical fibre are implemented.
摘要:
A surface treatment device that comprises a burner and an impaction chamber that encloses the flame of the burner. Temperatures in the impaction chamber are controlled such that the temperature of the flow of particles at the elongated outlet opening is lower than 70 % of a bulk melting point of the particles. The impaction chamber is further dimensioned to reduce the cross-sectional dimension of the flow towards an elongated outlet opening of the impaction chamber. Probability of the desired surface treatment processes to take place increases and better spatial distribution of particles in the treated areas is achieved.
摘要:
Aerosol-assisted process for depositing a coating (2) on a substrate (1). The process comprises first precursor flow comprising aerosol and second precursor flow comprising at least one reactant. The first flow comprises droplets and is essentially free of reactant required for coating (2) formation. An apparatus for carrying out the process, and use of such an apparatus is also disclosed.