摘要:
The invention relates to an integrated circuit comprising a substrate having a first side and a second opposing side. An electronic circuit (EC) is provided at the first side (S1) of the substrate, wherein the electronic circuit (EC) comprises at least one magnetic field sensor (Snsr, Snsr1, Snsr2, Snsr3, Snsr4). The integrated circuit further comprises a magnetizable region (MR) provided on the second side (S1) of the substrate (SUB) by using a wafer-level type deposition processing step. The magnetic moment of the magnetizable region (MR) is configurable for generating a magnetic field (H1, H2) detectable at the location of the at least one magnetic field sensor (Snsr, Snsr1, Snsr2, Snsr3, Snsr4). The integrated circuit constitutes a very simple construction and enables a strongly miniaturized solution which is, because of its reduced dimensions well suitable for being used in bank cards. An attempt to remove the integrated circuit according to the invention from its environment (e.g. a bank card) may result in the magnetizable region (MR) getting damaged (partially removed) or even completely removed. The invention provides a first level of security against external attack. Embodiments of the invention provide higher security levels. Various magnetic field sensors are illustrated which may be advantageously integrated in the integrated circuit. The invention also relates to a card provided with such integrated circuit. The card in accordance with the invention is more secure. The invention further relates to a method of initializing such integrated circuit and a method of checking the authenticity of such integrated circuit.
摘要:
A current sensor, comprises an input conductor (IN) which is supplied with the current to be sensed and an output conductor (OUT) from which the current to be sensed is output. A conductor path is provided between the input conductor and the output conductor, wherein the path is provided on a first, movable element (1 ) and a second, fixed element (2). The path defines a pair of adjacent path portions (3,5; 3;4), one of the path portions (4;5) on the fixed element and the other (3) on one side of the movable element. An arrangement detects movement of the movable element to determine the current flowing. This arrangement uses a conductor path which can be part of the circuit being tested, and thereby does not require any additional components, other than the movement detector.
摘要:
A sensor (400) for sensing jitter in a clock signal has a DLL (402, 310, 312) for locking a clock signal and a delayed version of the clock signal. The sensor comprises a delay line (402) having a first number of cascaded controllable delay segments. The DLL uses a second number of the cascaded delay segments for generating a delay of an average clock period of the clock signal. The second number is smaller than the first number. The sensor also has a comparator (408) for supplying a sensor output signal representative ofa comparison of the clock signal and a further delayed version of the clock signal. The further delayed version of the clock signal is obtained from an output of a specific one of the delay segments located in the delay line after the second number of cascaded delay segments.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a detection circuitry for detecting bonding conditions on segmented bond pads of a semiconductor device, the bonding conditions representing good or bad contacts on the bond pads. The detection circuitry comprises a segmented bond pad (1, 11) having at least two parts (2, 3, 12, 13) being electrically separated from each other, and a supplying unit (S1, S2, R1, R2) being adapted for supplying predetermined signals to at least one of the at least two parts of the segmented bond pad. Furthermore, a detector (4, 14) is provided for receiving from at least one of the at least two parts of the segmented bond pad sensing signals derived from said predetermined signals, and for determining the bonding conditions based on said received sensing signals indicative of a good or bad bonding contact on the segmented bond pad.
摘要:
Reduction of power consumption of integrated circuits due to reduced leakage is provided by driving an integrated circuit with a first drive potential (Vdd) and a second drive potential (Vsscore), switching the second drive potential to a ground potential in active mode using a power switch (30), and connecting a substrate potential of the integrated circuit to the ground potential.
摘要:
Apparatus and method for IR-drop and supply noise measurements in electronic circuits. A first voltage at a point of interest in the circuit is sampled and stored during a quiescent mode of the circuit the voltage is to be measured in. Subsequently, the circuit is brought in an operating mode and a second voltage is sampled and held at the same point of interest. The first and the second voltage are compared and a corresponding voltage signal is passed to a system output.
摘要:
Reduction of power consumption of integrated circuits due to reduced leakage is provided by driving an integrated circuit with a first drive potential (Vdd) and a second drive potential (Vsscore), switching the second drive potential to a ground potential in active mode using a power switch (30), and connecting a substrate potential of the integrated circuit to the ground potential.
摘要:
The invention relates to a magnetic field sensor comprising a substrate having a first side (S1). The substrate comprises at the first side (S1) a silicon comprising semiconductor layer (P-SUB) which comprises a buried N-well (DNW). A bipolar transistor having an emitter region (PE+, NE+), a base region (PB+, NB+), and a first collector region (CLR1) and a second collector region, is provided in the silicon comprising semiconductor layer (P-SUB). The emitter region (PE+, NE+) is located at the first side (S1) above the buried N-well (DNW). According to the invention the bipolar transistor is arranged such that, in operation, a part of an emitter current (IEM) that traverses the base region (PB+, NB+) is distributed over the first and second collector regions (CLR1, CLR2) obtaining a first and a second collector current (ICL1, ICL2), wherein a difference between the first and second collector currents (ICL1, ICL2) is determined by a magnetic field component (B x, B z ) perpendicular to a current plane. A bipolar magneto-transistor structure is obtained which is compatible with triple-well technology and that is sensitive to magnetic fields in a direction perpendicular to the current plane. The magnetic field sensor is compatible with triple-well technology and has a high linearity and a high sensitivity. The invention further relates to an integrated circuit comprising such magnetic field sensor (Snsr) and a card provided with such integrated circuit.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to the field of magnetic sensors, sensor governing circuits and associated methods. Certain disclosed embodiments relate to semiconductor (e.g. silicon-based) magnetic sensors, including a magnetic sensor assembly comprising a semiconductor layer (17), the semiconductor layer comprising a first collector (113) and a second collector (114), a first emitter (111) and a second emitter (112); and a governing circuit (120) configured to control and measure current flow independently between the first collector and first emitter in a first direction, and between the second collector and second emitter in a second opposing direction.
摘要:
The invention relates to an integrated circuit comprising a substrate having a first side and a second opposing side. An electronic circuit (EC) is provided at the first side (S1) of the substrate, wherein the electronic circuit (EC) comprises at least one magnetic field sensor (Snsr, Snsr1, Snsr2, Snsr3, Snsr4). The integrated circuit further comprises a magnetizable region (MR) provided on the second side (S1) of the substrate (SUB) by using a wafer-level type deposition processing step. The magnetic moment of the magnetizable region (MR) is configurable for generating a magnetic field (H1, H2) detectable at the location of the at least one magnetic field sensor (Snsr, Snsr1, Snsr2, Snsr3, Snsr4). The integrated circuit constitutes a very simple construction and enables a strongly miniaturized solution which is, because of its reduced dimensions well suitable for being used in bank cards. An attempt to remove the integrated circuit according to the invention from its environment (e.g. a bank card) may result in the magnetizable region (MR) getting damaged (partially removed) or even completely removed. The invention provides a first level of security against external attack. Embodiments of the invention provide higher security levels. Various magnetic field sensors are illustrated which may be advantageously integrated in the integrated circuit. The invention also relates to a card provided with such integrated circuit. The card in accordance with the invention is more secure. The invention further relates to a method of initializing such integrated circuit and a method of checking the authenticity of such integrated circuit.