公开(公告)号：WO2018237216A1

公开(公告)日：2018-12-27

申请号：PCT/US2018/038899

申请日：2018-06-22

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： NELSON, Kimberly ,  RETSINA, Theodora

IPC: D21H11/18 ,  B82Y30/00

Abstract: Some variations provide a new nanolignocellulose composition comprising, on a bone-dry, ash-free, and acetyl-free basis, from 35 wt% to 80 wt% cellulose nanofibrils, cellulose microfibrils, or a combination thereof, from 15 wt% to 45 wt% lignin, and from 5 wt% to 20 wt% hemicelluloses. The hemicelluloses may contain xylan or mannan as the major component. Novel properties arise from the hemicellulose content that is intermediate between high hemicellulose content of raw biomass and low hemicellulose content of conventional nanocellulose. The nanolignocellulose composition is hydrophobic due to the presence of lignin. Processes for making and using the nanolignocellulose compositions are also described.

公开(公告)号：WO2018005259A3

公开(公告)日：2018-01-04

申请号：PCT/US2017/038901

申请日：2017-06-23

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： NELSON, Kimberly ,  RETSINA, Theodora ,  HILL, Lee

IPC: D21C5/02 ,  D21C3/04

Abstract: In some variations, OCC is screened, cleaned, deinked, and mechanically refined to generate cellulose nanofibrils. The OCC may be subjected to further chemical, physical, or thermal processing, prior to mechanical refining. For example, the OCC may be subjected to hot-water extraction, or fractionation with an acid catalyst, a solvent for lignin, and water. In certain embodiments to produce cellulose nanocrystals, OCC is exposed to AVAP® digestor conditions. The resulting pulp is optionally bleached and is mechanically refined to generate cellulose nanocrystals. In certain embodiments to produce cellulose nanofibrils, OCC is exposed to GreenBox+® digestor conditions. The resulting pulp is mechanically refined to generate cellulose nanofibrils. The site of a system to convert OCC to nanocellulose may be co-located with an existing OCC processing site. The nanocellulose line may be a bolt-on retrofit system to existing infrastructure. In other embodiments, a dedicated plant for converting OCC to nanocellulose is used.

公开(公告)号：WO2017192476A1

公开(公告)日：2017-11-09

申请号：PCT/US2017/030491

申请日：2017-05-02

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： RETSINA, Theodora ,  NELSON, Kimberly ,  HILL, Lee ,  PYLKKANEN, Vesa ,  GALLIFORD, Timothy

IPC: C08B1/00 ,  D21C1/02 ,  D21C3/04 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C3/26 ,  D21H11/00 ,  B82Y40/00

Abstract: The present invention provides a pulp product (e.g., paper) comprising cellulose and nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose is derived from the cellulose in a mechanical and/or chemical step that is separate from the main pulping process. The pulping process may be thermomechanical pulping or hydrothermal-mechanical pulping, for example. The pulp product is stronger and smoother with the presence of the nanocellulose. The nanocellulose further can function as a retention aid, for a step of forming the pulp product (e.g., in a paper machine). Other embodiments provide a corrugated medium pulp composition comprising cellulose pulp and nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose includes cellulose nanofibrils and/or cellulose nanocrystals and the nanocellulose may be hydrophobic. The nanocellulose improves the strength properties of the corrugated medium. In some embodiments, the cellulose pulp is a GreenBox+® pulp and the nanocellulose is derived from the AVAP® process.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供包含纤维素和纳米纤维素的纸浆产品（例如纸），其中所述纳米纤维素在与主制浆过程分离的机械和/或化学步骤中从纤维素衍生而来。 例如，制浆过程可以是热机械制浆或水热 - 机械制浆。 在存在纳米纤维素的情况下，纸浆产品更强且更光滑。 对于形成纸浆产品的步骤（例如在造纸机中），纳米纤维素还可以用作助留剂。 其他实施方案提供了包含纤维素纸浆和纳米纤维素的瓦楞纸介质纸浆组合物，其中纳米纤维素包含纤维素纳米纤丝和/或纤维素纳米晶体，并且纳米纤维素可以是疏水性的。 纳米纤维素改善了波纹介质的强度性能。 在一些实施例中，纤维素纸浆是GreenBox +＆reg; 纸浆和纳米纤维素衍生自AVAP＆reg; 过程

公开(公告)号：WO2015200232A2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-30

申请号：PCT/US2015/037043

申请日：2015-06-23

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： RETSINA, Theodora ,  NELSON, Kimberly

IPC: C08L1/00

CPC classification number: C08B15/02 ,  C08B15/00 ,  C08B15/04 ,  C08B15/08 ,  C08J7/12 ,  C08K9/00 ,  C08L1/02 ,  C09D101/04

Abstract: A composition comprising nanocellulose is disclosed, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. The nanocellulose may be in the form of cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, or both. The nanocellulose is characterized by a crystallinity of at least 80%, an onset of thermal decomposition of 300F or higher, and a low light transmittance over the range 400-700 nm. Other variations provide a composition comprising lignin-coated hydrophobic nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. Some variations provide a composition comprising nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains about 0.1 wt% equivalent sulfur content, or less, as SO4 groups chemically or physically bound to the nanocellulose. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose contains essentially no hydrogen atoms (apart from hydrogen structurally contained in nanocellulose itself) bound to the nanocellulose. Various compositions, materials, and products may incorporate the nanocellulose compositions disclosed herein.

Abstract translation: 公开了包含纳米纤维素的组合物，其中所述纳米纤维素含有非常低或基本上不含硫含量。 纳米纤维素可以是纤维素纳米晶体，纤维素纳米纤丝或两者的形式。 纳米纤维素的特征在于至少80％的结晶度，300°F或更高的热分解开始，以及400-700nm范围内的低透光率。 其它变化提供包含木质素包被的疏水性纳米纤维素的组合物，其中所述纳米纤维素含有非常低或基本上不含硫含量。 一些变型提供包含纳米纤维素的组合物，其中纳米纤维素含有约0.1重量％当量的硫含量，或更少，因为SO4基团与纳米纤维素化学或物理结合。 在一些实施方案中，纳米纤维素基本上不含与纳米纤维素结合的氢原子（除了结构上包含在纳米纤维本身中的氢之外）。 各种组合物，材料和产品可以并入本文公开的纳米纤维素组合物。

公开(公告)号：WO2014106221A1

公开(公告)日：2014-07-03

申请号：PCT/US2013/078391

申请日：2013-12-31

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： RETSINA, Theodora ,  PYLKKANEN, Vesa ,  NELSON, Kimberly ,  SAMP, James

IPC: C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/04 ,  C12P19/12

CPC classification number: C12P19/02 ,  C08B37/0003 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H6/00 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C12P2203/00 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C3/222

Abstract: In some variations, the invention provides a process for fractionating biomass, comprising: fractionating the biomass in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin; hydrolyzing the hemicellulose contained in the liquor, to produce hemicellulosic monomers; hydrolyzing the cellulose-rich solids to produce glucose; and recovering the hemicellulosic monomers and the glucose, as fermentable sugars, wherein a metal sulfite or metal bisulfite additive is introduced to react directly or indirectly with lignin to produce sulfonated lignin. The disclosed processes may enhance lignin separations as well as promote the co-product potential of lignin.

Abstract translation: 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种用于分馏生物质的方法，包括：在木素，二氧化硫和水的溶剂存在下分解生物质，以产生含有半纤维素，富含纤维素的固体和木质素的液体; 水解液体中所含的半纤维素，以产生半纤维素单体; 水解富含纤维素的固体产生葡萄糖; 并回收半纤维素单体和葡萄糖作为可发酵糖，其中引入金属亚硫酸盐或金属亚硫酸氢盐添加剂直接或间接与木质素反应以产生磺化的木质素。 所公开的方法可以增强木质素分离以及促进木质素的共同产物潜力。

公开(公告)号：WO2014085729A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-05

申请号：PCT/US2013/072441

申请日：2013-11-28

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： NELSON, Kimberly ,  RETSINA, Theodora ,  PYLKKANEN, Vesa ,  O'CONNOR, Ryan

IPC: C08B15/08

CPC classification number: C08B15/08 ,  C07G1/00 ,  C08B15/00 ,  C08B15/02 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C08L1/02 ,  C12P7/04 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/14 ,  C12P7/16 ,  C12P7/28 ,  C12P7/46 ,  C12P7/56 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C12P2203/00 ,  C13K1/02 ,  D21C3/04 ,  D21C3/06 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C5/00 ,  D21C5/005 ,  D21C9/002 ,  D21C9/007 ,  D21C9/10 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  D21H11/18 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02P40/44

Abstract: Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with surprisingly low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites.

Abstract translation: 所公开的方法能够将生物质转化成具有惊人的低机械能输入的高结晶度纳米纤维素。 在一些变型中，该方法包括用酸（例如二氧化硫），溶剂（例如乙醇）和水分解生物质，以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素和木质素的液体; 并机械处理富含纤维素的固体以形成纳米原纤维和/或纳米晶体。 总机械能可能小于500千瓦时/吨。 纳米纤维素材料的结晶度可以为80％以上，转化为复合材料的良好的增强性能。

公开(公告)号：WO2017049021A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-23

申请号：PCT/US2016/052034

申请日：2016-09-16

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： BANERJIE, Asis ,  NELSON, Kimberly

IPC: B82Y30/00 ,  C08L101/00 ,  C08K7/02 ,  C08L51/06 ,  C08L23/00 ,  C08L25/06 ,  C08L1/02 ,  C08L1/04 ,  C08J3/00

CPC classification number: C08L1/04 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C08J3/00 ,  C08K7/02 ,  C08L25/06 ,  C08L51/003 ,  C08L51/06 ,  C08L101/00 ,  C09D197/005

Abstract: This disclosure provides a polymer composite including a polymer, nanocellulose, and a compatibilizer, wherein the nanocellulose comprises cellulose nanocrystals and/or cellulose nanofibrils, and wherein the compatibilizer comprises a maleated polymer. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose includes lignin-coated nanocellulose. The polymer may be selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polylactide, or poly(ethylene terephthalate). The maleated polymer may be selected from maleated polyethylene, maleated polypropylene, maleated polystyrene, maleated polylactide, or maleated poly(ethylene terephthalate. Other variations provide a process for compatibilizing a polymer with nanocellulose, comprising: providing a polymer; providing nanocellulose comprising cellulose nanocrystals and/or cellulose nanofibrils; providing a maleated polymer; and combining the polymer, the nanocellulose, and the maleated polymer, wherein the maleated polymer functions as a compatibilizer between the polymer and the nanocellulose.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供了包含聚合物，纳米纤维素和增容剂的聚合物复合物，其中所述纳米纤维素包含纤维素纳米晶体和/或纤维素纳米原纤维，并且其中所述增容剂包含马来酸化聚合物。 在一些实施方案中，纳米纤维素包括木质素包被的纳米纤维素。 聚合物可以选自聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚苯乙烯，聚丙交酯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。 马来化聚合物可以选自马来酸化聚乙烯，马来酸化聚丙烯，马来酸化聚苯乙烯，马来酸化聚丙交酯或马来酸化的聚（对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯）。其它变化提供了使聚合物与纳米纤维素相容的方法，包括：提供聚合物;提供纳米纤维素，其包含纤维素纳米晶体和 /或纤维素纳米原纤维;提供马来化聚合物;以及组合聚合物，纳米纤维素和马来化聚合物，其中马来酸化聚合物用作聚合物和纳米纤维素之间的增容剂。

公开(公告)号：WO2017035535A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-02

申请号：PCT/US2016/049302

申请日：2016-08-29

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： NELSON, Kimberly ,  RETSINA, Theodora ,  PYLKKANEN, Vesa ,  IAKOVLEV, Mikhail

IPC: C08B15/08 ,  D21C3/06 ,  D21C9/10 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00

CPC classification number: D21C9/10 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C08B15/08 ,  C08H8/00 ,  D21C3/00 ,  D21C3/06 ,  D21C5/02 ,  Y02W30/648

Abstract: Some variations provide a process for producing a nanocellulose material, comprising: providing a biomass feedstock comprising a bleached or unbleached pulp material; fractionating the feedstock in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form cellulose fibrils and/or cellulose crystals, thereby generating a nanocellulose material. The process is preferably co-located with, or adjacent to, a mill that generates the pulp material. There are several advantages of a bolt-on AVAP® nanocellulose plant to an existing pulp mill, as disclosed herein.

Abstract translation: 一些变型提供了制备纳米纤维素材料的方法，包括：提供包含漂白或未漂白的纸浆材料的生物质原料; 在酸，木质素和水的溶剂存在下分馏原料，以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素和木质素的液体; 并机械处理富含纤维素的固体以形成纤维素原纤维和/或纤维素晶体，从而产生纳米纤维素材料。 该方法优选与产生纸浆材料的研磨机共处或相邻。 如本文所公开的，对于现有的纸浆厂，螺栓式AVAP®纳米纤维素植物有几个优点。

公开(公告)号：WO2016109479A1

公开(公告)日：2016-07-07

申请号：PCT/US2015/067780

申请日：2015-12-29

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： NELSON, Kimberly ,  RETSINA, Theodora ,  PYLKKANEN, Vesa

IPC: A61K9/20 ,  C08B15/08 ,  A61K47/38

CPC classification number: A61K47/38 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H6/00 ,  C08H8/00

Abstract: In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing a microcrystalline cellulose material, comprising: fractionating lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; chemically and/or mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form microcrystalline cellulose having an average crystallinity of at least 60%; and recovering the microcrystalline cellulose as a pharmaceutical excipient. The pharmaceutical excipient may function as an antiadherent, a binder, a coating, or a disintegrant. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical excipient further comprises a lignin-derived lubricant, glidant, sorbent, preservative, or other component. The pharmaceutical excipient may be present in a pill, tablet, capsule, powder, slurry, or other pharmaceutically effective and acceptable form.

Abstract translation: 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种用于生产微晶纤维素材料的方法，包括：在酸，木质素和水的溶剂存在下分解木质纤维素生物质原料，以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素和木质素的液体 ; 化学和/或机械处理富含纤维素的固体以形成平均结晶度至少为60％的微晶纤维素; 并回收作为药物赋形剂的微晶纤维素。 药物赋形剂可用作抗粘附剂，粘合剂，包衣或崩解剂。 在一些实施方案中，药物赋形剂还包含来自木质素的润滑剂，助流剂，吸附剂，防腐剂或其它组分。 药物赋形剂可以以丸剂，片剂，胶囊，粉末，浆液或其它药学上有效和可接受的形式存在。

公开(公告)号：WO2015200780A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-30

申请号：PCT/US2015/037951

申请日：2015-06-26

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： NELSON, Kimberly ,  RETSINA, Theodora ,  O'CONNOR, Ryan

IPC: D21C5/00 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C08L1/00 ,  B82Y30/00

CPC classification number: C08L1/04 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C08B15/08 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C08J3/005 ,  C08J2301/04 ,  C08J2400/12 ,  C08J2497/00 ,  C08L1/02 ,  C08L2205/03 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/40 ,  C12P19/02 ,  D21B1/021 ,  D21C5/00 ,  D21C9/007 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  D21H11/18 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02P40/44 ,  C08L97/005 ,  C08L67/04

Abstract: A polymer-nanocellulose-lignin composite as disclosed comprises a polymer, nanocellulose, and lignin, wherein lignin forms a hydrophobic interface between the polymer and the nanocellulose. In some variations, a process is disclosed for producing a polymer-nanocellulose-lignin composite material, comprising: fractionating lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin, wherein lignin deposits onto fiber surfaces or into fiber pores; mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form a hydrophobic nanocellulose material comprising cellulose fibrils and/or cellulose crystals; hydrolyzing the hemicellulose to generate fermentable hemicellulosic sugars; fermenting the fermentable hemicellulosic sugars to generate a monomer or monomer precursor; polymerizing the monomer to produce a polymer; and combining the polymer with the lignin-coated nanocellulose to generate a polymer-nanocellulose-lignin composite material for use in a wide variety of products.

Abstract translation: 所公开的聚合物 - 纳米纤维素 - 木质素复合物包括聚合物，纳米纤维素和木质素，其中木质素在聚合物和纳米纤维素之间形成疏水界面。 在一些变型中，公开了一种用于生产聚合物 - 纳米纤维素 - 木质素复合材料的方法，其包括：在酸，木质素和水的溶剂存在下分解木质纤维素生物质，以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素的液体 和木质素，其中木质素沉积到纤维表面或纤维孔中; 机械处理富含纤维素的固体以形成包含纤维素原纤维和/或纤维素晶体的疏水性纳米纤维素材料; 水解半纤维素以产生可发酵的半纤维素糖; 发酵可发酵的半纤维素糖以产生单体或单体前体; 聚合单体以产生聚合物; 并将聚合物与木质素包被的纳米纤维素组合以产生用于各种产品的聚合物 - 纳米纤维素 - 木质素复合材料。