公开(公告)号：WO2014039560A1

公开(公告)日：2014-03-13

申请号：PCT/US2013/058069

申请日：2013-09-04

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： RETSINA, Theodora ,  PYLKKANEN, Vesa ,  NELSON, Kimberly ,  SZCZEPANIK, Mark ,  SAMP, James

IPC: D21C1/02 ,  D21C3/06 ,  C13K13/00 ,  C08H7/00 ,  D21H11/02 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C10L5/00

CPC classification number: C13K1/02 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/16 ,  C12P2203/00 ,  C13K13/00 ,  C13K13/002 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02P40/44

Abstract: Variations of this invention reduce or avoid lignin precipitation during acidic hydrolysis of biomass hydrolysates (such as hemicellulose-containing liquid extracts). Net acid usage and byproduct salt formation are significantly reduced. In some embodiments, hemicellulosic oligomers are hydrolyzed, in the presence of sulfur dioxide, to produce fermentable hemicellulosic sugars; the process comprising recovering and recycling at least a portion of the sulfur dioxide, wherein at least a portion of the sulfur dioxide reacts with the lignin to produce hydrophilic sulfonated lignin that has less tendency to precipitate or stick. In other embodiments, hemicellulosic oligomers are hydrolyzed, in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, sulfur dioxide, and combinations thereof, and an additive selected from metal sulfites, metal bisulfites, and combinations thereof, to produce fermentable hemicellulosic sugars, wherein at least a portion of the additive reacts with the lignin to produce sulfonated lignin.

Abstract translation: 本发明的变化减少或避免在生物质水解产物（例如含半纤维素的液体提取物）的酸性水解期间的木质素沉淀。 净酸用量和副产物盐形成显着减少。 在一些实施方案中，半纤维素低聚物在二氧化硫存在下水解以产生可发酵的半纤维素糖; 该方法包括回收和再循环至少一部分二氧化硫，其中至少一部分二氧化硫与木质素反应产生亲水性磺化木质素，其具有较少的沉淀或粘附倾向。 在其它实施方案中，在选自硫酸，亚硫酸，二氧化硫及其组合的催化剂存在下，半纤维素低聚物和选自金属亚硫酸盐，金属亚硫酸氢盐及其组合的添加剂， 产生可发酵的半纤维素糖，其中至少一部分添加剂与木质素反应产生磺化的木质素。

公开(公告)号：WO2015130481A3

公开(公告)日：2015-09-03

申请号：PCT/US2015/015723

申请日：2015-02-13

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： SZCZEPANIK, Mark

IPC: C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/04 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C08B1/00 ,  C08B37/14 ,  C08H7/00 ,  D21C3/06 ,  D21C11/00

Abstract: What is disclosed is a biorefining process and system including the steps of extracting, hydrolyzing, and/or digesting a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock, or a component thereof, with a liquid or vapor solution comprising reactant sulfur dioxide or a derivative thereof, to generate cellulose-rich solids and an intermediate liquid stream; combusting or gasifying a sulfur-containing fuel to generate heat and an exhaust gas stream comprising produced sulfur dioxide; contacting the exhaust gas stream with the intermediate liquid stream to dissolve the produced sulfur dioxide into the intermediate liquid stream; and then recycling the intermediate liquid stream to reuse the produced sulfur dioxide as the reactant sulfur dioxide. The sulfur- containing fuel may be sulfonated lignin generated by reaction of lignin (derived from the feedstock) with the reactant sulfur dioxide, resulting in a closed loop for sulfur dioxide in the biorefmery.

公开(公告)号：WO2014092873A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-19

申请号：PCT/US2013/067434

申请日：2013-10-30

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： RETSINA, Theodora ,  PYLKKANEN, Vesa ,  NELSON, Kimberly ,  SZCZEPANIK, Mark

IPC: C12P19/02 ,  C08B1/00 ,  C08H7/00

CPC classification number: C07G1/00 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C13K1/00 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C13K1/04 ,  C13K13/00 ,  Y02E50/343

Abstract: The present invention generally provides methods of improving lignin separation during biomass fractionation with an acid to release sugars and a solvent for lignin (such as ethanol). In some embodiments, a digestor is employed to fractionating a feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin. A solid additive is added to the digestor, wherein the solid additive combines with at least a portion of the lignin. Then a mixture of lignin and the solid additive is separated from the liquor, prior to hemicellulose recovery. Optionally, a solid additive may also be introduced to a hydrolysis reactor for converting hemicellulose oligomers to monomers, to improve separation of acid-catalyzed lignin. In some embodiments, the solid additive is gypsum or a gypsum/lignin mixture.

Abstract translation: 本发明通常提供在用酸释放糖和用于木质素（例如乙醇）的溶剂的生物质分馏过程中改善木质素分离的方法。 在一些实施方案中，消化剂用于在木素，二氧化硫和水的溶剂存在下分馏原料，以产生含有半纤维素，富含纤维素的固体和木质素的液体。 将固体添加剂加入到消化器中，其中固体添加剂与至少一部分木质素结合。 然后在半纤维素回收之前将木质素和固体添加剂的混合物与液体分离。 任选地，也可以将固体添加剂引入水解反应器以将半纤维素低聚物转化为单体，以改善酸催化的木质素的分离。 在一些实施方案中，固体添加剂是石膏或石膏/木质素混合物。

公开(公告)号：WO2015130481A2

公开(公告)日：2015-09-03

申请号：PCT/US2015/015723

申请日：2015-02-13

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： SZCZEPANIK, Mark

CPC classification number: C08B37/0003 ,  B01D53/507 ,  B01D2258/0283 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  Y02P20/136

Abstract: What is disclosed is a biorefining process and system including the steps of extracting, hydrolyzing, and/or digesting a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock, or a component thereof, with a liquid or vapor solution comprising reactant sulfur dioxide or a derivative thereof, to generate cellulose-rich solids and an intermediate liquid stream; combusting or gasifying a sulfur-containing fuel to generate heat and an exhaust gas stream comprising produced sulfur dioxide; contacting the exhaust gas stream with the intermediate liquid stream to dissolve the produced sulfur dioxide into the intermediate liquid stream; and then recycling the intermediate liquid stream to reuse the produced sulfur dioxide as the reactant sulfur dioxide. The sulfur- containing fuel may be sulfonated lignin generated by reaction of lignin (derived from the feedstock) with the reactant sulfur dioxide, resulting in a closed loop for sulfur dioxide in the biorefmery.

Abstract translation: 所公开的是一种生物精制方法和系统，其包括用包含反应物二氧化硫或其衍生物的液体或蒸气溶液提取，水解和/或消化木质纤维素生物质原料或其组分的步骤，以产生纤维素 - 富含固体和中间液体流; 燃烧或气化含硫燃料以产生热量和包含生成的二氧化硫的废气流; 使废气流与中间液体流接触以将产生的二氧化硫溶解到中间液体流中; 然后再循环中间液体流以再生所产生的二氧化硫作为反应物二氧化硫。 含硫燃料可以是通过木质素（衍生自原料）与反应物二氧化硫的反应产生的磺化木质素，导致生物反应器中二氧化硫的闭环。

公开(公告)号：WO2014025710A1

公开(公告)日：2014-02-13

申请号：PCT/US2013/053673

申请日：2013-08-06

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： RETSINA, Theodora ,  PYLKKANEN, Vesa ,  NELSON, Kimberly ,  SZCZEPANIK, Mark

IPC: C12P19/02 ,  C08B1/00 ,  C08H7/00

CPC classification number: C08B1/00 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H6/00 ,  C08H8/00

Abstract: The present invention generally provides methods of improving lignin separation during lignocellulosic biorefining, comprising the steps of (i) catalyzing fractionation or hydrolysis with an acid to release sugars into an acidified solution containing lignin, (ii) neutralizing the acidified solution with a base to form a salt in a neutralized solution; (iii) in a separation unit, separating the salt and the lignin, each in free or combined form, from the neutralized solution; and then (iv) recycling a portion of the salt and optionally a portion of the lignin to step (i) to combine, physically or chemically, with the lignin, to improve lignin separation in the separation unit. In certain embodiments, the acid is a sulfur-containing acid and the base is lime, forming gypsum which is then recycled, in part, to the hydrolysis reactor.

Abstract translation: 本发明通常提供在木质纤维素生物精制中改善木质素分离的方法，其包括以下步骤：（i）用酸催化分馏或水解以将糖释放到含木质素的酸化溶液中，（ii）用碱中和酸化溶液形成 中和溶液中的盐; （iii）在分离单元中，以中和的溶液将盐和木质素分别以游离或组合的形式分离; 然后（iv）将一部分盐和任选的一部分木质素再循环到步骤（i）中以与木质素物理或化学结合，以改善分离单元中的木质素分离。 在某些实施方案中，酸是含硫酸，碱是石灰，形成石膏，然后将其部分地再循环到水解反应器中。