Abstract:
Lateral flow assay devices comprising a multisite array of test sites (8) for measuring a biomolecule analyte (3) having a solid support (5) including absorbent material for providing capillary flow, one device being divided into parallel lanes (7) in the flow direction. The devices comprising a sample portion for receiving a sample; a diagnostic portion comprising a multisite array of test sites (8) each comprising a probe for the biomolecular analyte (3), wherein at each test site of the multisite array the conditions for the interaction between the biomolecular analyte and the probe can be varied independently; an absorbent portion of absorbent material for providing capillary flow; and electrodes (10) for actuating and controlling conditions. The sample portion, diagnostic portion, and absorbent portion are in capillary flow communication resulting in a capillary flow from sample portion towards absorbent portion, whereby the sample flows across the probe at each test site in the diagnostic portion to provide contact between the sample and such probe. Methods for measuring analyte concentration in a sample using such lateral flow assay devices.
Abstract:
A method of fabricating a nanoscale topography system for inducing unfolding of a DNA molecule for sequencing includes providing a substrate and creating trench walls on the substrate which define a trench therebetween. The method further includes depositing a layer of a block copolymer (BCP) in the trench and forming cylindrical domains by self-assembly of the BCP between the trench walls, removing a first portion of the cylindrical domains to create a vacant region in the trench, and depositing a subsequent layer of the BCP in the vacant region and forming spherical domains by self-assembly of the BCP between the trench walls adjacent a second portion of the cylindrical domains. The spherical domains form staggered post structures for unfolding the DNA molecule and the cylindrical domains form parallel channel structures for entry of the DNA molecule for sequencing.
Abstract:
Provided are methods for imaging a biospecimen, which involves the use of electrochemical pH modulation in combination with pH-sensitive labels to achieve localized imaging with a high vertical axial resolution.
Abstract:
Device and methods for use in a biosensor comprising a multisite array of test sites, the device and methods being useful for modulating the binding interactions between a (biomolecular) probe or detection agent and an analyte of interest by modulating the pH or ionic gradient near the electrodes in such biosensor. An electrochemically active agent that is suitable for use in biological buffers for changing the pH of the biological buffers. Method for changing the pH of biological buffers using the electrochemically active agents. The methods of modulating the binding interactions provided in a biosensor, analytic methods for more accurately controlling and measuring the pH or ionic gradient near the electrodes in such biosensor, and analytic methods for more accurately measuring an analyte of interest in a biological sample.
Abstract:
Device and methods for controlling pH or ionic gradient comprising a multisite array of feedback electrode sets comprising electrodes and pH sensing elements. The electrodes can include a reference electrode, counter electrode, and a working electrode. The device and methods iteratively select an amount of current and/or voltage to be applied to each working electrode, apply the selected amount of current and/or voltage to each working electrode to change pH of a solution close to the working electrode, and measure the signal output of the sensing element. The multisite array can include feedback and non-feedback electrode sets.
Abstract:
A device to electrochemically sequence DNA (108) that includes a redox species includes at least one edge electrode (102), at least one stack of insulator material (104), and a pair of DNA translocation electrodes including a DNA translocation working electrode (106a) and a DNA translocation counter electrode (106b), where the thickness of the at least one edge electrode (102) is about 0.5 nanometers, and the thickness of the at least one stack of insulator material (104) is about 10 nanometers. Methods of electrochemically sequencing a strand of DNA are also provided.
Abstract:
A coated electrode includes an electrode, a coating configured to immobilize biomolecules, and a coating configured to improve electron transfer rate. Methods of making the coated electrode are also provided. A biosensor comprises a plurality of electrodes, each electrode including the coated electrode.
Abstract:
A method for detecting a presence and/or a concentration of a target substance in a reagent solution using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIS A) includes binding the target substance directly or indirectly to an electrode, and binding a detection agent directly or indirectly to the bound target substance. The method further includes modulating a pH of only a portion of the reagent solution in which the bound target substance and the bound detection agent are located using the electrode, the modulated pH of the portion of the reagent solution causing the bound detection agent to undergo a change, and detecting the change in the bound detection agent. The detected change corresponds to the presence of the target substance in the reagent solution and/or the concentration of the target substance in the reagent solution.
Abstract:
A bifunctional polymer is functionalized at one end with an azlactone end group to conjugate biomolecules of interest, and is functionalized at another end with an azide anchor group to attach the polymer to a substrate. Methods of making the bifunctional polymer are also provided. A coated substrate includes the bifunctionalized polymers on the surface of a substrate. Methods of making the coated substrate are also provided. A microarray includes a plurality of discrete regions, each region including the coated substrate.
Abstract:
Device and methods for use in a biosensor comprising a multisite array of test sites, the device and methods being useful for modulating the binding interactions between a (biomolecular) probe or detection agent and an analyte of interest by modulating the pH or ionic gradient near the electrodes in such biosensor. An electrochemically active agent comprising quinone derivatives that is suitable for use in biological buffers for changing the pH of the biological buffers. Method for changing the pH of biological buffers using the electrochemically active agents. The methods of modulating the binding interactions provided in a biosensor, analytic methods for more accurately controlling and measuring the pH or ionic gradient near the electrodes in such biosensor, and analytic methods for more accurately measuring an analyte of interest in a biological sample.