Abstract:
Apparatus and methods for converting carbon dioxide and/or methane into higher alkanes and hydrogen gas in a single reaction chamber using a catalyst and microwave radiation. An apparatus for producing a product comprising at least one of the group of hydrocarbon having a formula CnHz where n is a positive integer greater than 1, and z is a positive integer between 2n + 2 and 2n hydrogen gas and. The apparatus comprises a reaction vessel for containing a reaction mixture of a gaseous carbon source represented by the letter W, selected from the group consisting of natural gas, CH 4 and CO 2 , and water (H 2 O), and having a catalyst and at least one microwave energy source.
Abstract:
An apparatus for microwave assisted solid phase synthesis using solid-phase resin beads mixed with a liquid solvent comprises: - a generally cylindrical reactor (1) made of microwave transparent material and having a central axis, the reactor (1) having an inlet (5) and an outlet (6); - a porous frit associated with the outlet (6) of the reactor (1), the porous frit preventing discharge of beads and allowing discharge of the solvent from the reactor; and - means (4) for concentric rotation of the reactor (1) around the central axis in alternating clockwise and anti-clockwise directions. A method for microwave assisted solid phase synthesis using the apparatus is also disclosed.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are embodiments of an essential oil extraction apparatus. In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises a container configured to hold an essential oil-containing material, an essential oil extract receiver contained in the container, a condenser having an outlet fluidly coupled to the receiver and located relative to the container so as to receive essential oil-containing vapor emitted by the essential oil-containing material; and at least one microwave reflection structure associated with at least one of the container, the receiver or the condenser. The apparatus can have an overall dimension that is sufficiently small so that the apparatus fits inside a standard-sized kitchen microwave oven.
Abstract:
A system and method for destruction of energetic compounds, medical wastes and unwanted pharmaceuticals using microwave energy. Waste materials are first mixed into a dilute water solution, slurry or emulsion. The dilute waste flows to a first microwave reactor containing silicon carbide. The silicon carbide absorbs the microwave energy, heats and vaporizes the liquid. The vapor flows to a second microwave reactor containing silicon carbide and an oxidation catalyst. Air is added and the waste portion of the vapor is oxidized to carbon dioxide. Water is recovered in a condenser and recycled. Carbon dioxide and remaining air is vented. Solid organic wastes such as contaminated disposable gloves and towels are gasified in a first microwave reactor with air and oxidized in the second microwave reactor.
Abstract:
A device and method for cleaning producer gas includes a filter bed chamber, a microwave chamber, a first catalytic chamber and a second catalytic chamber. The filter bed chamber comprises an inlet for carbon-based material and a spent carbon outlet. The microwave chamber comprises a permeable top and wave guides around the perimeter through which microwaves can be introduced into the device using magnetrons. The first catalytic chamber is connected to the microwave chamber, and the second catalytic chamber is connected to the first catalytic chamber. The method comprises using the device by filling the filter bed chamber with carbon-based material, introducing microwaves into the microwave chamber using the magnetrons and wave guides, dissociating heavy carbons entrained within the gas by passing the gas through carbon-based material in the filter bed chamber, the microwave chamber, the first catalytic chamber and the second catalytic chamber.
Abstract:
A pyrolysis oil composition by an oxygen-starved microwave process from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock is described. Feedstock is introduced into a substantially microwave-transparent reaction chamber. A microwave source emits microwaves which are directed through the microwave-transparent wall of the reaction chamber to impinge on the feedstock within the reaction chamber. The microwave source may be rotated relative to the reaction chamber. The feedstock is subjected to microwaves until the desired reaction occurs to produce a fuel. A catalyst can be mixed with the feedstock to enhance the reaction process.
Abstract:
A device is provided for performing chemical transformation in a fluid, with a flow distributor having at least one fluid medium inlet, at least one fluid medium outlet, and at least one confinement wherein the chemical transformation is performed; and a means for rotating, rocking, wagging,or oscillating the device. At least one confinement may be equipped with a provision for providing heat, cooling, sound, light or other types of radiation, such provision being contacted to an external source through an actuator shaft. The flow distributor may be provided with sectors connected with the centrally located fluid medium inlet and a designated peripheral fluid medium outlet. The means for rotating, rocking, wagging, or oscillating the device may be an element producing magnetic fields or a shaft mechanically connected to an external actuating device.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Roh-, Brenn- und Kraft- Stoffen aus organischen Substanzen mit einem Reaktor (10), der eine Eintragseinrichtung (11) für die organischen Substanzen, eine Austragseinrichtung (12) für Reaktionsprodukte und eine Einrichtung (13) zur Zufuhr von Reaktionsenergie für die Umwandlung der organischen Substanzen in die Reaktionsprodukte aufweist. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Eintragseinrichtung (11) ein pneumatisches Mittel (24) zur Feststoffzufuhr aufweist.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Roh-, Brenn- und Kraftstoffen aus organischen Substanzen mit einem Reaktor (10), der eine Eintragseinrichtung (11) für die organischen Substanzen, eine Austragseinrichtung (12) für Reaktionsprodukte und eine Einrichtung (13) zur Zufuhr von Reaktionsenergie für die Umwandlung der organischen Substanzen in die Reaktionsprodukte aufweist. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der Reaktor (10) eine Einrichtung (14) zur Ausbildung eines reaktorinternen Strömungskreislaufes umfasst.