摘要:
Methods for processing waste activated sludge obtainable from wastewater plants. The methods herein are useful in that they provide novel waste activated sludge preparations that are substantially free of live microbial organisms and contain a high content of digestible protein.
摘要:
An apparatus for Flash X-ray irradiation of material includes a Flash X-ray source comprised of an electron gun and an anode. The electron gun comprises a field emission cold cathode having an electrode emitting surface, and a grid for controlling electron flow from the cathode to the anode. The anode has an electron- receiving main surface and an X-ray emitting, oppositely facing main surface. The X- ray emitting surface emits X-radiation into an irradiation volume. The X-ray emitting surface of the anode has orthogonally oriented first and second dimensions of greater than 2 millimeters each. A high voltage pulse power supply powers the Flash X-ray source. The electron gun, anode end high voltage pulse power supply are so constructed as to create sufficient X-radiation in said irradiation volume to achieve a desired level of irradiation of material in said volume.
摘要:
The invention concerns a method for depolluting aqueous media containing organic pollutants. The method aims at reducing chemical oxygen demand and/or total organic carbon of an aqueous medium containing organic molecules. It consists in subjecting the aqueous medium to an electron stream generated by an electron accelerator, in the presence of a catalyst, then in eliminating from the treated solution the formed precipitates, said catalyst comprising a metal ion persulphate, and optionally an Fe(II) salt or and an Fe(III) salt.
摘要:
The invention relates to a novel method for treating waste water discharged from a purification or sewage treatment plant for local waste water. The invention is characterized in that the amount of endocrinically active hormones and hormones dangerous to aquatic environments or hormone metabolites from the group of oestranes contained in the discharged water is reduced in the flow of the waste water leaving the waste-water purification or sewage plant by guiding the same in the form of a continuous fluid body through the field or radiation cone of a radiation source emitting at least one type of ionizing radiation from the group of gamma, x-ray and electron radiation. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method and to the use thereof in addition to said device.
摘要:
An electron beam source or generator (20) is described for the treatment of materials, such as toxics, as influent in a reaction chamber. Preferred embodiments of the system include a source (100) of an oxidizing agent in fluid communication with the influent. The oxidizing agent together with a dose of electron beam promotes reaction of the contaminant into less toxic forms so as to provide greatly enhanced destruction of contaminant that are otherwise resistant to oxidizing reactions.
摘要:
Embodiments herein generally relate to the use, devices, and compounds for generating singlet oxygen. In some embodiments, the singlet oxygen can be used for fluid purification and/or sterilization.
摘要:
Field of this Patent: - Treatment of liquid effluents of any kind with submerged plasma. - Submerged plasma treatment of the gaseous or solid residues, of any kind, whether metallic or not, dissolved or suspended in liquids. The great innovative advance to the State of the Art brought about by the object of this Patent is the development of a system which is capable of promoting the generation and maintenance of a submerged plasma state in the liquids to be treated and of being in a direct contact with them, where the setting itself is part of the process, thus making up an innovative technology capable of treating every and any residue, without any exceptions, which are presented in the liquid form, not necessarily in aqueous settings, whether in solution or suspended, aqueous or not, and the treatment is made in one single operation, without the need of adding auxiliary chemical products and without releasing gases into the atmosphere, safely, economically and completely adequate and even overtaking the legal parameters of the several terms of the current legislations of environmental protection. The pieces of equipment that form the "SYSTEM AND DEVICES FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIQUID EFFLUENTS WITH SUBMERGED PLASMA" are basically consisted of 3 components: 1. First component - AC/DC power supply, with tension and current control devices; 2. Second component - group of generators of electromagnetic radiations, consisted of microwaves and radio frequency generators with varied potencies and frequencies, as well as, optionally, laser beam and electron cannon generators; 3. Third component - specific reactor, as described in Figure 1.
摘要:
An apparatus, system, and method of irradiating fluent food products. The present invention utilizes a transmissive wall having a convex surface. A source of radiation is positioned on a side of the transmissive wall that is opposite the convex surface so that when the radiation source is emitting radiation energy, the radiation energy passes through the transmissive wall, thereby irradiating fluent food product that is flowing in contact with the convex surface.
摘要:
A method is provided for treating wastewaters and sewage slurries, and for converting them to disinfected and stabilized sludge. The steps of irradiating with electrons and mixing with a base produce a sludge that conforms to the EPA's requirements, and that is usable in agriculture.