摘要:
The invention is directed to a process to prepare propylene from a hydrocarbon feed comprising pentane by contacting the hydrocarbon feed with a heterogeneous cracking catalyst as present in one or more fixed beds thereby obtaining a cracked effluent. The heterogeneous catalyst comprises a matrix component and a molecular sieve comprising framework alumina, framework silica and a framework metal selected from the group of Zn, Fe, Ce, La, Y, Ga and/or Zr. Propylene is isolated from the cracked effluent.
摘要:
The specification describes a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst which comprises cobalt, scandium and a suitable support. The specification also describes a process for producing hydrocarbons by contacting synthesis gas with the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst. Suitable supports include silica, alumina, silica-alumina and kieselguhr if the product required is a wax or distillate. Alternatively the support may be an acidic molecular sieve material such as a zeolite if gasoline or distillate and gasoline is/are required.
摘要:
Disclosed are processes for rejuvenating catalysts comprising at least one Group 10 metal and a microporous crystalline metallosilicate, and hydrocarbon conversion processes including such rejuvenation processes. In an aspect, the rejuvenation process comprises contacting a deactivated catalyst comprising at least one Group 10 metal and a microporous crystalline metallosilicate with an oxygen-containing gaseous stream under conditions comprising a temperature ranging from 250°C to 375°C and a pressure of up to 100 bar. In a further aspect, the rejuvenation process comprises contacting a deactivated catalyst comprising at least one Group 10 metal, at least one rare earth metal, and a microporous crystalline metallosilicate with an oxygen-containing gaseous stream under conditions comprising a temperature ranging from 250°C to 500°C and a pressure of up to 100 bar.
摘要:
Catalysts and methods are provided for producing high yields of butene. The inventive catalysts are bifunctional catalysts having both hydrogenation and dehydration functionalities. Preferred catalysts generally comprise elemental copper or a copper-containing compound supported on a sodium-modified aluminosilicate zeolite. The catalysts are useful in methods of reacting methyl ethyl ketone and hydrogen to produce high yields of butene. The present invention provides a simplified, renewable route to butene, with a number of practical applications.
摘要:
A hydrodeoxygenation process for producing a linear alkane from a feedstock comprising a saturated or unsaturated C 10-18 oxygenate that comprises an ester group, carboxylic acid group, carbonyl group and/or alcohoi group is disclosed. The process comprises contacting the feedstock with a catalyst composition comprising a metal catalyst and a heteropolyacid or heteropo!yacid salt, at a temperature between about 240 °C to 280 °C and a hydrogen gas pressure of at least 300 psi. The metal catalyst comprises copper in certain embodiments. By contacting the feedstock with the catalyst composition under these temperature and pressure conditions, the C 10-18 oxygenate is hydrodeoxygenated to a linear alkane that has the same carbon chain length as the C 10-18 oxygenate.
摘要:
Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.
摘要:
Disclosed are processes for conversion of a feedstock comprising C 8 + aromatic hydrocarbons to lighter aromatic products in which the feedstock and optionally hydrogen are contacted in the presence of a first and a second catalyst composition under conversion conditions effective to produce said lighter aromatic products comprising benzene, toluene and xylene. In the process, the C 8 + aromatic hydrocarbons are dealkylated to form C 6 -C 7 aromatic hydrocarbon and the C 2 + olefins formed are saturated. The remaining C 8 + aromatic hydrocarbons are transalkylated with the C 6 -C 7 aromatic hydrocarbon. The first and second catalyst compositions each comprise a first or second zeolite respectively, a first metal, and a second metal, and are treated with a source of sulfur and/or a source of steam. The first zeolite is selected from ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-22, ZSM-23, ZSM-35, ZSM-48, ZSM-57, ZSM-58 or mixtures of two or more thereof. The second zeolite is selected from ZSM-4, ZSM-12, ZSM-20, ZSM-50, zeolite beta, mordenite, faujasite, an MCM-22 family material, MCM-68, and mixtures of two or more thereof. The first metal is at least one group 6 metal; the second metal at least one group 9 or 10 metal.
摘要:
Disclosed are processes for conversion of a feedstock comprising Cs+ aromatic hydrocarbons to lighter aromatic products in which the feedstock and optionally hydrogen are contacted in the presence of the catalyst composition under conversion conditions effective to dealkylate and transalkylate said C 8 + aromatic hydrocarbons to produce said lighter aromatic products comprising benzene, toluene and xylene. The catalyst composition comprises a zeolite selected from zeolite beta, ZSM-4, ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-12, ZSM-20, ZSM-22, ZSM-23, ZSM-35, ZSM-48, ZSM-50, ZSM-57, ZSM-58, MCM-68, faujasite zeolite, mordenite zeolite or a MCM-22 family material, a first metal of group 6 in an amount of 0.001 wt% to 20.0 wt%, and a second metal of group 9 or 10 in an amount of 0.001 wt% to 20.0 wt %, and is treated with a source of sulfur and/or a source of steam.
摘要:
Disclosed are hybrid synthesis gas conversion catalysts containing at least one Fischer-Tropsch component and at least one acidic component deposited on a monolith catalyst support for use in synthesis gas conversion processes and methods for preparing the catalysts. Also disclosed are synthesis gas conversion processes in which the hybrid synthesis gas conversion catalysts are contacted with synthesis gas to produce a hydrocarbon product containing at least 50 wt % C5+ hydrocarbons. Also disclosed are synthesis gas conversion processes in which at least one layer of Fischer-Tropsch component deposited onto a monolith support is alternated with at least one layer of acidic component in a fixed bed reactor.
摘要:
The present invention generally relates to a method for producing a naphtha product from a renewable feedstock. The method includes hydrotreating the renewable feedstock to produce a hydrotreating unit heavy fraction that includes n-paraffins, and hydrocracking the hydrotreating unit heavy fraction to produce a hydrocracking unit product that includes the naphtha product. The method also includes separating the naphtha fraction and optionally recycling the hydrocracking unit heavy fraction through the hydrocracking unit. The present invention also relates to a biorenewable naphtha product suitable for use as feed stock for steam crackers and catalytic reforming units, and for use as fuel, or fuel blend stock.